{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,5]],"date-time":"2026-11-05T12:27:21Z","timestamp":1793881641246,"version":"4.7.0"},"reference-count":33,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,22]],"date-time":"2026-10-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1792627200000},"content-version":"am","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/pages\/standard-publication-reuse-rights"}],"funder":[{"name":"Leducq Foundation PRIMA network","award":["22RAF02"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["22RAF02"]}],"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/01czwga19","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"name":"Leducq Foundation PRIMA network","award":["R01HL174066"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R01HL174066"]}],"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/01czwga19","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"name":"Kowa\u2019s research"},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100019415","name":"Elizabeth Blackwell Institute","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100019415","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000883","name":"University of Bristol","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["204813\/Z\/16\/Z"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["204813\/Z\/16\/Z"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000883","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000883","name":"University of Bristol","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["TA\/F\/21\/210028"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["TA\/F\/21\/210028"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000883","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000274","name":"British Heart Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["CH\/17\/1\/32804"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["CH\/17\/1\/32804"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000274","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Aims<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Calcific aortic valve disease (CAVD) is a complex cardiovascular pathology, culminating in aortic stenosis and heart failure with no effective treatment strategy, except invasive surgery. While inflammation may contribute to valvular fibro-calcific pathology and T cells have been identified within the leaflets, their contribution to CAVD pathogenesis remains unclear.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods and results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Disease-staged whole-tissue proteomics (n = 16) confirmed a pro-inflammatory T cell-driven signature, with immunohistochemistry (n = 10) and immunofluorescence (n = 8) conducted on control and CAVD valves to confirm T cell localization to calcified regions. Flow cytometry immunophenotyping (n = 20) was performed using valvular tissue and corresponding peripheral blood from the same individuals. Single-cell RNA sequencing and paired single T cell receptor sequencing were conducted on an additional four patients on CD45+, CD3+, CD4+, or CD8+ T cells. T cell signalling was identified through unsupervised clustering. Tissue resident memory (TRM) T cells were detected within the valve, exhibiting a highly cytotoxic, activated, and terminally differentiated phenotype. This pan-pro-inflammatory signal was differentially identified in T cells originating from the valve tissue and was not observed in the blood, indicative of an adaptive, local, and non-systemic inflammatory signature in CAVD patients. T cell receptor analysis detected hyperexpanded clones within the CD8+ T cell central memory (TCM) population, with TRM cells comprising most of the large and medium clonal expansion within the T cell population. Clonal expansion was more prominent in valve tissue, with expanded clones largely confined to their tissue of origin. Clonal interaction network analysis demonstrated the greatest proportion of clones originating from CD8+ TCM and TRM populations, exhibiting a tissue resident, cytotoxic environment within the valve.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Taken together, the data define distinct T cell subpopulations in CAVD and implicate specific antigenic epitopes driving clonal expansion of valvular T cells, supporting a central role for antigen-driven, autoimmune-like inflammation in disease propagation.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/cvr\/cvag238","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,20]],"date-time":"2026-10-20T11:45:13Z","timestamp":1792496713000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Clonal expansion of CD8+ effector T cells in patients with calcific aortic valve disease"],"prefix":"10.1093","author":[{"given":"Francesca","family":"Bartoli-Leonard","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol , Bristol BS8 1UD ,","place":["UK"]},{"name":"Bristol Heart Institute, University Hospital Bristol NHS Foundation Trust, Marlborough Street, Bristol BS2 8HW ,","place":["UK"]},{"name":"Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Center for Interdisciplinary Cardiovascular Sciences, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School , 75 Francis St, Boston, MA 02115 ,","place":["USA"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9621-0704","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sarvesh","family":"Chelvanambi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Center for Interdisciplinary Cardiovascular Sciences, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School , 75 Francis St, Boston, MA 02115 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Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School , 75 Francis St, Boston, MA 02115 ,","place":["USA"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8993-9484","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mark C","family":"Blaser","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Center for Interdisciplinary Cardiovascular Sciences, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School , 75 Francis St, Boston, MA 02115 ,","place":["USA"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sasha A","family":"Singh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Center for Interdisciplinary Cardiovascular Sciences, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School , 75 Francis St, Boston, MA 02115 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