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CD1d-dependent NKT cells play an important role in immune-mediated diseases; but the role of these cells in regulating cardiac remodelling remains unknown.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Methods and results<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Cardiac remodelling was induced by angiotensin (Ang) II infusion for 2\u2009weeks. Ang II-induced increase in hypertension, cardiac performance, hypertrophy and fibrosis, inflammatory response, and activation of the NF-kB and TGF-\u03b21\/Smad2\/3 pathways was significantly aggravated in CD1d knockout (CD1dko) mice compared with wild-type (WT) mice, but these effects were markedly abrogated in WT mice treated with \u03b1-galactosylceramide (\u03b1GC), a specific activator of NKT cells. Adoptive transfer of CD1dko bone marrow cells to WT mice further confirmed the deleterious effect of CD1dko. Moreover, IL-10 expression was significantly decreased in CD1dko hearts but increased in \u03b1GC-treated mice. Co-culture experiments revealed that CD1dko dendritic cells significantly reduced IL-10 mRNA expression from NKT cells. Administration of recombinant murine IL-10 to CD1dko mice improved hypertension, cardiac performance, and adverse cardiac remodelling induced by Ang II, and its cardioprotective effect was possibly associated with activation of STAT3, and inhibition of the TGF-\u03b21 and NF-kB pathways.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>These findings revealed a previously undefined role for CD1d-dependent NKT cells in Ang II-induced cardiac remodelling, hence activation of NKT cells may be a novel therapeutic target for hypertensive cardiac disease.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/cvr\/cvy164","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,6,21]],"date-time":"2018-06-21T07:09:08Z","timestamp":1529564948000},"page":"83-93","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":44,"title":["CD1d-dependent natural killer T cells attenuate angiotensin II-induced cardiac remodelling via IL-10 signalling in mice"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"115","author":[{"given":"Hong-Xia","family":"Wang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wen-Jun","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Cui-Liu","family":"Hou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Song","family":"Lai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Beijing AnZhen Hospital the Key Laboratory of Remodeling-Related Cardiovascular Diseases, Capital Medical University and Beijing Institute of Heart Lung and Blood Vessel Diseases, Beijing, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yun-Long","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Beijing AnZhen Hospital the Key Laboratory of Remodeling-Related Cardiovascular Diseases, Capital Medical University and Beijing Institute of Heart Lung and Blood Vessel Diseases, Beijing, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Cui","family":"Tian","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hui","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jie","family":"Du","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Beijing AnZhen Hospital the Key Laboratory of Remodeling-Related Cardiovascular Diseases, Capital Medical University and Beijing Institute of Heart Lung and Blood Vessel Diseases, Beijing, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hui-Hua","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiology, Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,6,23]]},"reference":[{"key":"2019090909483548000_cvy164-B1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"569","DOI":"10.1016\/S0735-1097(99)00630-0","article-title":"Cardiac remodeling\u2013concepts and clinical implications: a consensus paper from an international forum on cardiac remodeling. 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