{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,18]],"date-time":"2026-09-18T16:52:02Z","timestamp":1789750322332,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":37,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,8,2]],"date-time":"2019-08-02T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1564704000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":1,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000265","name":"UK Medical Research Council","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["G1001536"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["G1001536"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000265","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000274","name":"British Heart Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["PG\/14\/36\/30854"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["PG\/14\/36\/30854"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000274","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000274","name":"British Heart Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["RG\/17\/16\/33294"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["RG\/17\/16\/33294"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000274","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"European Research Council Advance Award","award":["339095"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["339095"]}]},{"name":"Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research from the Ministry of Education, Sciences, Sports, and Technology"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,1,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Aims<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Under hypoxic conditions, nitrite (NO2\u2212) can be reduced to nitric oxide (NO) eliciting vasorelaxation. However, nitrite also exerts vasorelaxant effects of potential therapeutic relevance under normal physiological conditions via undetermined mechanisms. We, therefore, sought to investigate the mechanism(s) by which nitrite regulates the vascular system in normoxia and, specifically, whether the biological effects are a result of NO generation (as in hypoxia) or mediated via alternative mechanisms involving classical downstream targets of NO [e.g. effects on protein kinase G1\u03b1 (PKG1\u03b1)].<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Methods and results<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Ex vivo myography revealed that, unlike in thoracic aorta (conduit vessels), the vasorelaxant effects of nitrite in mesenteric resistance vessels from wild-type (WT) mice were NO-independent. Oxidants such as H2O2 promote disulfide formation of PKG1\u03b1, resulting in NO- cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP) independent kinase activation. To explore whether the microvascular effects of nitrite were associated with PKG1\u03b1 oxidation, we used a Cys42Ser PKG1\u03b1 knock-in (C42S PKG1\u03b1 KI; \u2018redox-dead\u2019) mouse that cannot transduce oxidant signals. Resistance vessels from these C42S PKG1\u03b1 KI mice were markedly less responsive to nitrite-induced vasodilation. Intraperitoneal (i.p.) bolus application of nitrite in conscious WT mice induced a rapid yet transient increase in plasma nitrite and cGMP concentrations followed by prolonged hypotensive effects, as assessed using in vivo telemetry. In the C42S PKG1\u03b1 KI mice, the blood pressure lowering effects of nitrite were lower compared to WT. Increased H2O2 concentrations were detected in WT resistance vessel tissue challenged with nitrite. Consistent with this, increased cysteine and glutathione persulfide levels were detected in these vessels by mass spectrometry, matching the temporal profile of nitrite\u2019s effects on H2O2 and blood pressure.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Under physiological conditions, nitrite induces a delayed and long-lasting blood pressure lowering effect, which is NO-independent and occurs via a new redox mechanism involving H2O2, persulfides, and PKG1\u03b1 oxidation\/activation. Targeting this novel pathway may provide new prospects for anti-hypertensive therapy.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/cvr\/cvz202","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,7,29]],"date-time":"2019-07-29T15:10:15Z","timestamp":1564413015000},"page":"51-62","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":41,"title":["Long-lasting blood pressure lowering effects of nitrite are NO-independent and mediated by hydrogen peroxide, persulfides, and oxidation of protein kinase G1\u03b1 redox signalling"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"116","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2320-1158","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Martin","family":"Feelisch","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinical and Experimental Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton General Hospital, Southampton, SO16 6YD, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0623-1710","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Takaaki","family":"Akaike","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Environmental Medicine and Molecular Toxicology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, 980-8575, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9512-4361","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kayleigh","family":"Griffiths","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, B15 2TT, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tomoaki","family":"Ida","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Environmental Medicine and Molecular Toxicology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, 980-8575, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Oleksandra","family":"Prysyazhna","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"King\u2019s College of London, School of Cardiovascular Medicine & Sciences, The British Heart Foundation Centre of Excellence, The Rayne Institute, St Thomas' Hospital, London, SE1 7EH, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Joanna J","family":"Goodwin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, B15 2TT, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nicholas D","family":"Gollop","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, B15 2TT, UK"},{"name":"Norwich Medical School, University of East Anglia, Bob Champion Research and Education Building, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, NR4 7UQ, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6337-0381","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Bernadette O","family":"Fernandez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinical and Experimental Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton General Hospital, Southampton, SO16 6YD, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Magdalena","family":"Minnion","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinical and Experimental Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton General Hospital, Southampton, SO16 6YD, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0593-1192","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Miriam M","family":"Cortese-Krott","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Cardiology, Pulmonology, and Vascular Medicine, Medical Faculty, Heinrich 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