{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,8]],"date-time":"2026-10-08T01:56:18Z","timestamp":1791424578303,"version":"4.3.3"},"reference-count":91,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,29]],"date-time":"2021-09-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1632873600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/journals\/pages\/open_access\/funder_policies\/chorus\/standard_publication_model"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["R03DC014535"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R03DC014535"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["R01DC017173"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R01DC017173"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,16]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:p>The purpose of this study was to consider how living in an area that qualifies for a rural health grant interacts with a child\u2019s hearing status to affect early language and literacy development. Four-year-old children with hearing aids (n\u2009=\u200945), cochlear implants (n\u2009=\u200947), and with typical hearing (n\u2009=\u200966) completed measures of spoken language knowledge and of emergent literacy skills as part of a larger longitudinal investigation. A significant interaction effect between location (rural or urban\/suburban) and amplification group was detected for letter knowledge: children with hearing aids exhibit a performance that is particularly affected by rural location. Overall, children with cochlear implants performed lower across all measures than children with typical hearing, and children with hearing aids performed lower than children with typical hearing on measures of phonological awareness, vocabulary, omnibus language knowledge and articulation.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1093\/deafed\/enab030","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,8,10]],"date-time":"2021-08-10T11:21:13Z","timestamp":1628594473000},"page":"48-61","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Location Effects on Spoken Language and Literacy for Children who are DHH"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"27","author":[{"given":"Emily","family":"Lund","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Davies School of Communication Sciences and Disorders, Texas Christian University, Fort Worth, TX, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nicholas","family":"Brock","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Davies School of Communication 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