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The radiographic images obtained were evaluated by postgraduate students using a questionnaire. The data obtained were analysed with descriptive and inferential statistics.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The 3D model produced satisfactory images for the simulation of the proposed alterations. The general perception of the participants was positive, but there were significant differences between master's and doctoral students regarding the clinical-radiographic relationship of the simulated changes in general (P\u2009=\u2009.037) and the radiographic image of impacted canine (P\u2009=\u2009.032).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The 3D model was positively evaluated in most of the simulated alterations, demonstrating its potential as a pedagogical tool. These results reinforce the feasibility of 3D printing for producing models for radiographic assessment, offering image quality and versatility for the development of complex training.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Advances in knowledge<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This is the first study to develop and evaluate a 3D-printed model with complex anatomical and pathological alterations for preclinical training in Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/dmfr\/twaf046","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,15]],"date-time":"2025-05-15T11:04:04Z","timestamp":1747307044000},"page":"674-681","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["3D-printed model for preclinical training in oral radiology: anatomic and pathological conditions"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"54","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6300-0556","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ana Carvalho","family":"de Christo","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Dental School, Federal University of Santa Maria , Santa Maria 97105-900,","place":["Brazil"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8594-7740","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Wislem Miranda","family":"de Mello","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Postgraduate Program in Dental Sciences, Federal University of Santa Maria , Santa Maria 97105-900,","place":["Brazil"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0534-3067","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Vin\u00edcius","family":"Dutra","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Oral Pathology, Medicine and Radiology, Indiana University School of Dentistry , Indianapolis, IN, 46202,","place":["United States"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4668-8130","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lucas Machado","family":"Maracci","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Postgraduate Program in Dental Sciences, Federal University of Santa Maria , Santa Maria 97105-900,","place":["Brazil"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5972-0876","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Gleica Dal\u2019 Ongaro","family":"Savegnago","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Postgraduate Program in Dental Sciences, Federal University of Santa Maria , Santa Maria 97105-900,","place":["Brazil"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0967-9617","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Gabriela Salatino","family":"Liedke","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Stomatology, Federal University of Santa Maria , Santa Maria 97105-900,","place":["Brazil"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,15]]},"reference":[{"key":"2025112613522430100_twaf046-B1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"453","DOI":"10.21037\/atm.2016.12.24","article-title":"Innovations in surgery simulation: a review of past, current and future techniques","volume":"4","author":"Badash","year":"2016","journal-title":"Ann Transl Med"},{"key":"2025112613522430100_twaf046-B2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.icrp.2007.10.003","article-title":"The 2007 Recommendations of the International Commission on Radiological Protection. 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