{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,22]],"date-time":"2026-09-22T13:06:20Z","timestamp":1790082380637,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":48,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,5,28]],"date-time":"2020-05-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1590624000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/journals\/pages\/open_access\/funder_policies\/chorus\/standard_publication_model"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,12,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Summary<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:p>Esophageal adenocarcinoma (EAC) has had the fastest increasing incidence of any solid tumor in the United States in the last 30 years. Long standing gastroesophageal reflux disease is a well-established risk factor with strong associations with obesity, alcohol and tobacco. However, there are likely additional contributing factors. Viruses such as human papillomavirus, ebstein-barr virus and herpes simplex virus have been implicated in the pathogenesis of esophageal cancer. This review will discuss the known literature linking viruses to esophageal adenocarcinoma and consider future relationships such as identifying prognostic and predictive molecular biomarkers to guide therapies.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1093\/dote\/doaa036","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,5,28]],"date-time":"2020-05-28T07:50:46Z","timestamp":1590652246000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":13,"title":["Viruses and esophageal cancer"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"33","author":[{"given":"Carolyn","family":"Chang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Case Western Reserve School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Stephanie G","family":"Worrell","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Case Western Reserve School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH, USA"},{"name":"University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, Cleveland, OH, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,5,28]]},"reference":[{"key":"2020120702532477300_ref1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.virol.2009.06.001","article-title":"The search for infectious causes of human cancers: where and why","volume":"392","author":"Zur","year":"2009","journal-title":"Virology"},{"key":"2020120702532477300_ref2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"878","DOI":"10.1038\/nrc2961","article-title":"Why do viruses cause cancer? 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