{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,13]],"date-time":"2026-10-13T18:34:00Z","timestamp":1791916440281,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":50,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,18]],"date-time":"2023-01-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1674000000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/journals\/pages\/open_access\/funder_policies\/chorus\/standard_publication_model"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,7,27]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:p>Post-operative delirium (POD) is a state of mental and neurocognitive impairment characterized by disorientation and fluctuating levels of consciousness. POD in the context of esophageal surgery may herald serious and potentially life-threatening post-operative complications, or conversely be a symptom of severe underlying pathophysiologic disturbances. The aim of the present systematic review and meta-analysis is to explore risk factors associated with the development of POD and assess its impact on post-operative outcomes. A systematic literature search of the MedLine, Web of Science, Embase and Cochrane CENTRAL databases and the clinicaltrials.gov registry was undertaken. A random-effects model was used for data synthesis with pooled outcomes expressed as Odds Ratios (OR), or standardized mean differences (WMD) with corresponding 95% Confidence Intervals. Seven studies incorporating 2449 patients (556 with POD and 1893 without POD) were identified. Patients experiencing POD were older (WMD 0.29\u2009\u00b1\u20090.13\u00a0years, P\u2009&amp;lt;\u20090.001), with higher Charlson\u2019s Comorbidity Index (CCI; WMD 0.31\u2009\u00b1\u20090.23, P\u2009=\u20090.007) and were significantly more likely to be smokers (OR 1.38, 95% CI 1.07\u20131.77, P\u2009=\u20090.01). Additionally, POD was associated with blood transfusions (OR 2.08, 95% CI 1.56\u20132.77, P\u2009&amp;lt;\u20090.001), and a significantly increased likelihood to develop anastomotic leak (OR 2.03, 95% CI 1.25\u20133.29, P\u2009=\u20090.004). Finally, POD was associated with increased mortality (OR 2.71, 95% CI 1.24\u20135.93, P\u2009=\u20090.01) and longer hospital stay (WMD 0.4\u2009\u00b1\u20090.24, P\u2009=\u20090.001). These findings highlight the clinical relevance and possible economic impact of POD after esophagectomy for malignant disease and emphasize the need of developing effective preventive strategies.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1093\/dote\/doac103","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,19]],"date-time":"2023-01-19T07:30:59Z","timestamp":1674113459000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["Risk factors and consequences of post-esophagectomy delirium: a systematic review and meta-analysis"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"36","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2319-4923","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Dimitrios","family":"Papaconstantinou","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Attikon University Hospital Third Department of Surgery, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, , Athens, Greece"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9157-9860","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Maximos","family":"Frountzas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Hippokration General Hospital First Propaedeutic Department of Surgery, , Athens, Greece"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jelle P","family":"Ruurda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University Medical Center Utrecht Department of Surgery, , Utrecht, The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Stella","family":"Mantziari","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Lausanne University Hospital (CHUV) Department of Visceral Surgery, Faculty of Biology and Medicine UNIL, , Lausanne, Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Diamantis I","family":"Tsilimigras","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, James Comprehensive Cancer Center Department of Surgery, , Columbus, OH, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nikolaos","family":"Koliakos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Attikon University Hospital Third Department of Surgery, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, , Athens, Greece"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Georgios","family":"Tsivgoulis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Attikon University Hospital Second Department of Neurology, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, , Athens, Greece"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dimitrios","family":"Schizas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Laikon General Hospital First Department of Surgery, , Athens, 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