{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,6]],"date-time":"2026-05-06T22:26:13Z","timestamp":1778106373631,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":24,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,1]],"date-time":"2023-02-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1675209600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":1,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Summary<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:p>Adrenal incidentalomas are regularly encountered during imaging for esophageal cancer patients, but their oncological significance remains unknown. This study aimed to describe the incidence and etiology of adrenal incidentalomas observed throughout the diagnostic workup. This retrospective cohort study included all esophageal cancer patients referred to or diagnosed in the Amsterdam UMC between January 2012 and December 2016. Radiology and multidisciplinary team meeting reports were reviewed for adrenal incidentalomas. In case of adrenal incidentaloma, the 18FDG-PET\/CT was reassessed by a radiologist blinded for the original report. In case of a metachronous incidentaloma during follow-up, visibility on previous imaging was reassessed. Primary outcome was the incidence, etiology and oncological consequence of synchronous adrenal incidentalomas. This study included 1,164 esophageal cancer patients, with a median age of 66\u00a0years. Patients were predominantly male (76.1%) and the majority had an adenocarcinoma (69.0%). Adrenal incidentalomas were documented in 138 patients (11.9%) during the diagnostic workup. At primary esophageal cancer workup, 22 incidentalomas proved malignant. However, follow-up showed that four incidentalomas were inaccurately diagnosed as benign and three malignant incidentalomas were visible on staging imaging but initially missed. Stage migration occurred in 15 of 22 (68.2%), but this would have been higher if none were missed or inaccurately diagnosed. The oncological impact of adrenal incidentalomas in patients with esophageal cancer is significant as a considerable part of incidentalomas changed treatment intent from curative to palliative. As stage migration is likely, pathological examination of a synchronous adrenal incidentaloma should be weighted in mind.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1093\/dote\/doad003","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,1]],"date-time":"2023-02-01T21:22:26Z","timestamp":1675286546000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Incidence and oncological implication of adrenal incidentalomas in esophageal cancer patients"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"36","author":[{"given":"J R","family":"van Doesburg","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Surgery, Amsterdam UMC location Vrije Universiteit , Amsterdam , The Netherlands"},{"name":"Department of Surgery, Amsterdam UMC location University of Amsterdam , Amsterdam , The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"D M","family":"Voeten","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Surgery, Amsterdam UMC location Vrije Universiteit , Amsterdam , The Netherlands"},{"name":"Department of Surgery, Amsterdam UMC location University of Amsterdam , Amsterdam , The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4821-2806","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"M C","family":"Kalff","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Surgery, Amsterdam UMC location University of Amsterdam , Amsterdam , The Netherlands"},{"name":"Cancer Treatment and Quality of Life, Cancer Center Amsterdam , Amsterdam , The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"M I","family":"van Berge Henegouwen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Surgery, Amsterdam UMC location University of Amsterdam , Amsterdam , The Netherlands"},{"name":"Cancer Treatment and Quality of Life, Cancer Center Amsterdam , Amsterdam , The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"S","family":"Jol","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology, Amsterdam UMC Location Vrije Universiteit , Amsterdam , The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"J E","family":"van den Bergh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cancer Treatment and Quality of Life, Cancer Center Amsterdam , Amsterdam , The Netherlands"},{"name":"Department of Radiology, Amsterdam UMC Location Vrije Universiteit , Amsterdam , The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"A F","family":"Engelsman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Surgery, Amsterdam UMC location Vrije Universiteit , Amsterdam , The Netherlands"},{"name":"Cancer Treatment and Quality of Life, Cancer Center Amsterdam , Amsterdam , The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"S S","family":"Gisbertz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Surgery, Amsterdam UMC location University of Amsterdam , Amsterdam , The Netherlands"},{"name":"Cancer Treatment and Quality of Life, Cancer Center Amsterdam , Amsterdam , The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"F","family":"Daams","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Surgery, Amsterdam UMC location Vrije Universiteit , Amsterdam , The Netherlands"},{"name":"Cancer Treatment and Quality of Life, Cancer Center Amsterdam , Amsterdam , The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,31]]},"reference":[{"key":"2023090116253806200_ref1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"394","DOI":"10.3322\/caac.21492","article-title":"Global cancer statistics 2018: GLOBOCAN estimates of incidence and mortality worldwide for 36 cancers in 185 countries","volume":"68","author":"Bray","year":"2018","journal-title":"CA Cancer J Clin"},{"issue":"6","key":"2023090116253806200_ref2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1010","DOI":"10.1007\/s12328-020-01237-x","article-title":"Epidemiology of esophageal cancer: update in global trends, etiology and risk factors","volume":"13","author":"Uhlenhopp","year":"2020","journal-title":"Clin J Gastroenterol"},{"issue":"4","key":"2023090116253806200_ref3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"405","DOI":"10.1016\/j.beem.2011.12.006","article-title":"Adrenal incidentaloma","volume":"26","author":"Arnaldi","year":"2012","journal-title":"Best Pract Res Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"2023090116253806200_ref4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"513","DOI":"10.1530\/EJE-09-0234","article-title":"Recommended evaluation of adrenal incidentalomas is costly, has high false positive rates, and confers a risk of fatal cancer that is similar to the risk of the adrenal lesion becoming malignant; 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