{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,14]],"date-time":"2026-07-14T03:13:38Z","timestamp":1783998818023,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":26,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,5]],"date-time":"2025-12-05T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1764892800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":34,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Lymphocytic esophagitis (LyE) is a novel rare esophageal disorder characterized by intraepithelial lymphocytic infiltration of the esophagus in a peripapillary distribution, without the involvement of granulocytes. The optimal treatment strategy for this condition remains uncertain. We aimed to synthesize the current evidence for the treatment of lymphocytic esophagitis.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We performed a systematic review according to PRISMA guidelines, searching MEDLINE, Embase, and Google Scholar. Studies with non-primary data or insufficient treatment data were excluded. Descriptive statistics were performed on patient demographics and treatment outcomes.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Thirty nine articles from 2012\u20132024 were included (154 patients total). Proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) were the most common initial therapy for LyE (n\u2009=\u200965), followed by topical steroids (n\u2009=\u200923). A greater proportion of patients experienced a symptomatic, endoscopic, and histologic response from the initial use of topical steroids as monotherapy or part of combination therapy (with PPIs) compared to PPIs alone. Symptomatic recurrence was more common after initial use of topical steroids compared to PPIs. Balloon dilation was effective in relieving symptomatic esophageal dysphagia. Other therapies included biologics, endoscopic botulinum injections, sucralfate, and tacrolimus. The average follow-up duration was 8.98\u00a0months.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>For patients with LyE, topical steroids seem to provide greater symptomatic and histologic benefit compared to PPIs, although recurrence is more common. For patients not already on acid suppression therapy, PPIs may still be a reasonable first-line option, especially when prioritizing safety. Further prospective studies are needed to formally assess the comparative safety and efficacy of the various treatment modalities, including novel immunosuppressive therapies.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/dote\/doaf112","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,19]],"date-time":"2025-11-19T13:10:15Z","timestamp":1763557815000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["A systematic review of therapeutic options for lymphocytic esophagitis"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"38","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9177-7039","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Bachviet","family":"Nguyen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine, University of British Columbia , 13750, 96 Ave. Critical Care Tower, 3rd Floor, Surrey, British Columbia, V3V 1Z2,","place":["Canada"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chun Fang","family":"Cheng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Statistics, University of British Columbia , 3182 Earth Sciences Building, 2207 Main Mall, Vancouver V6T 1Z4,","place":["Canada"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0001-7875-1790","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Fahd","family":"Jowhari","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Gastroenterology, University of British Columbia Okanagan , 564 Leon Avenue, Kelowna , V1Y 6J6,","place":["Canada"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,5]]},"reference":[{"key":"2025120512111425300_ref1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"540","DOI":"10.7861\/clinmed.2023-0440","article-title":"Lymphocytic oesophagitis: diagnosis and management","volume":"23","author":"Hussein","year":"2023","journal-title":"Clin Med 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