{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,11]],"date-time":"2026-10-11T02:29:39Z","timestamp":1791685779101,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":31,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,9]],"date-time":"2026-01-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1767916800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/journals\/pages\/open_access\/funder_policies\/chorus\/standard_publication_model"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>SUMMARY<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Gastroesophageal reflux disease represents a growing global burden, and a subset of patients remains symptomatic despite standard-dose proton pump inhibitor therapy. This trial aimed to compare the efficacy of acupuncture combined with standard-dose proton pump inhibitor therapy versus high-dose proton pump inhibitor therapy in reducing symptoms and improving quality of life for treatment-resistant gastroesophageal reflux disease. In this parallel-group randomized controlled trial, 72 adults with persistent gastroesophageal reflux symptoms despite once-daily proton pump inhibitor therapy were randomized to receive either acupuncture plus standard-dose omeprazole or double-dose omeprazole for 4\u00a0weeks. The primary outcome was a change in reflux symptoms assessed with the Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease Questionnaire, and the secondary outcome was the quality of life measured by the Short Form-36 questionnaire. Both groups showed significant improvement in symptom burden and quality of life. Acupuncture was associated with a greater reduction in heartburn (p\u2009=\u20090.026) and an improvement in quality of life (p\u2009&amp;lt;\u20090.001), while high-dose proton pump inhibitor therapy demonstrated more favorable effects on regurgitation (p\u2009=\u20090.001) and sleep disturbance (p\u2009&amp;lt;\u20090.001). A clinically meaningful reduction in total reflux score was observed in both groups without significant between-group differences. Adverse events were mild and transient, with no serious complications reported. Acupuncture combined with standard-dose proton pump inhibitor therapy provides clinical benefits comparable to high-dose proton pump inhibitor therapy, with favorable effects on quality of life and symptom control. These findings support acupuncture as a safe, patient-centered alternative for managing resistant gastroesophageal reflux disease.<\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>HIGHLIGHTS \u00a0Both acupuncture plus standard-dose PPI and high-dose PPI improve symptoms in resistant GERD.Acupuncture achieved greater improvements in health-related quality of life.High-dose PPI showed stronger effects on regurgitation and sleep disturbances.No serious adverse events occurred with either intervention.Acupuncture provides a safe, non-pharmacologic alternative for resistant GERD care.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1093\/dote\/doag001","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,7]],"date-time":"2026-01-07T12:41:47Z","timestamp":1767789707000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Acupuncture provides a safe strategy to minimize proton pump inhibitor dose in resistant gastroesophageal reflux disease: randomized controlled trial"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"39","author":[{"given":"Zahra","family":"Ghadiani","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Sina University Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences , Tehran, Tehran ,","place":["Iran"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0002-8848-5497","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Neda","family":"Gorjizadeh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Sina University Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences , Tehran, Tehran ,","place":["Iran"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mohaddeseh","family":"Azadvari","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, School of Medicine, Sina Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences , Tehran, Tehran ,","place":["Iran"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alireza","family":"Sharifi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Sina University Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences , Tehran, Tehran ,","place":["Iran"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Raika","family":"Jamali","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Sina University Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences , Tehran, Tehran ,","place":["Iran"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,29]]},"reference":[{"key":"2026041409570828700_ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fpubh.2025.1576527","article-title":"Global, regional, and national burden of gastroesophageal reflux disease (1990\u20132021): age-period-cohort analysis and Bayesian projections","volume":"13","author":"Mo","year":"2025","journal-title":"Front Public Health"},{"issue":"1","key":"2026041409570828700_ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1372","DOI":"10.1080\/07853890.2022.2074535","article-title":"Global, regional and national burden of gastroesophageal reflux disease, 1990-2019: update from the GBD 2019 study","volume":"54","author":"Zhang","year":"2022","journal-title":"Ann Med"},{"issue":"1","key":"2026041409570828700_ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1351","DOI":"10.1186\/s12913-024-11781-8","article-title":"Diagnosis and treatment of patients with gastroesophageal reflux disease \u2013 a systematic review of cost-effectiveness and economic burden","volume":"24","author":"Maresova","year":"2024","journal-title":"BMC Health Serv Res"},{"key":"2026041409570828700_ref4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"765061","DOI":"10.3389\/fmed.2021.765061","article-title":"Refractory gastroesophageal reflux disease: a management update","volume":"8","author":"Rettura","year":"2021","journal-title":"Front Med (Lausanne)"},{"issue":"1","key":"2026041409570828700_ref5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"47","DOI":"10.14218\/JTG.2023.00042","article-title":"Neuromodulation for gastroesophageal reflux disease: a systematic review","volume":"1","author":"Woo","year":"2023","journal-title":"J Transl Gastroenterol"},{"issue":"3","key":"2026041409570828700_ref6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"233","DOI":"10.1159\/000544956","article-title":"Does manual acupuncture improve gastroesophageal reflux disease symptoms? 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