{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,30]],"date-time":"2026-03-30T13:31:00Z","timestamp":1774877460492,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":39,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,2]],"date-time":"2026-03-02T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1772409600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/pages\/standard-publication-reuse-rights"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Summary<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Conversion surgery (CS) following induction therapy has emerged as a treatment option for patients with cT4b esophageal cancer previously considered unresectable. Minimally invasive approaches, including thoracoscopic and robot-assisted techniques, are increasingly applied in this setting. However, evidence comparing conversion minimally invasive esophagectomy (C-MIE) with conversion open esophagectomy (C-OE) remains limited. This single-center retrospective study included 66 patients with cT4b esophageal cancer who underwent CS after induction therapy between 2007 and 2023. Patients were classified into C-MIE (n\u2009=\u200941) or C-OE (n\u2009=\u200925) groups. Short-term outcomes, including operative time, blood loss, complications, and hospital stay, as well as long-term outcomes such as recurrence and survival, were compared. Prognostic factors were identified using multivariate Cox analysis. The C-MIE group showed markedly reduced intraoperative blood loss (79 vs. 470\u00a0mL, P\u2009&amp;lt;\u20090.001), lower incidence of anastomotic leakage (4.8 vs. 24%, P\u2009=\u20090.04), and shorter intensive care unit stay (3 vs. 4\u00a0days, P\u2009=\u20090.03) compared with the C-OE group. Three-year overall survival was higher in the C-MIE group (63.0 vs. 39.6%, P\u2009=\u20090.08), although not statistically significant. Multivariate analysis identified Clavien\u2013Dindo grade\u2009\u2265\u2009IIIa (HR: 3.73, 95% CI: 1.81\u20137.67, P\u2009&amp;lt;\u20090.001) and ypStage\u2009\u2265 III (HR: 3.51, 95% CI: 1.6\u20138.43, P\u2009=\u20090.001) as independent predictors of poorer survival. C-MIE showed a reduced risk but not significantly (HR: 0.79, 95% CI: 0.37\u20131.66; P\u2009=\u20090.537). C-MIE was associated with acceptable short-term outcomes and comparable long-term oncologic results to C-OE in patients with cT4b esophageal cancer responding to induction therapy.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1093\/dote\/doag025","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,24]],"date-time":"2026-03-24T12:39:36Z","timestamp":1774355976000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Short- and long-term outcomes of conversion minimally invasive esophagectomy versus open approach following induction therapy in cT4b esophageal cancer"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"39","author":[{"given":"Koshiro","family":"Ishiyama","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Esophageal Surgery, National Cancer Center Hospital , Chuo-Ku, Tokyo ,","place":["Japan"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ryoko","family":"Nozaki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Esophageal Surgery, National Cancer Center Hospital , Chuo-Ku, Tokyo ,","place":["Japan"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ryota","family":"Kakuta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Esophageal Surgery, National Cancer Center Hospital , Chuo-Ku, Tokyo ,","place":["Japan"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Shota","family":"Igaue","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Esophageal Surgery, National Cancer Center Hospital , Chuo-Ku, Tokyo ,","place":["Japan"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Eigo","family":"Akimoto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Esophageal Surgery, National Cancer Center Hospital , Chuo-Ku, Tokyo ,","place":["Japan"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Daichi","family":"Utsunomiya","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Esophageal Surgery, National Cancer Center Hospital , Chuo-Ku, Tokyo ,","place":["Japan"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Daisuke","family":"Kurita","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Esophageal Surgery, National Cancer Center Hospital , Chuo-Ku, Tokyo ,","place":["Japan"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yasuyuki","family":"Seto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Esophageal Surgery, National Cancer Center Hospital , Chuo-Ku, Tokyo ,","place":["Japan"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9562-2966","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hiroyuki","family":"Daiko","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Esophageal Surgery, National Cancer Center Hospital , Chuo-Ku, Tokyo 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