{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,21]],"date-time":"2026-08-21T13:06:13Z","timestamp":1787317573380,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":23,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,12]],"date-time":"2026-05-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1778544000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Summary<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Eosinophilic esophagitis is a chronic immune-mediated disease requiring a long-term maintenance treatment. The data on therapy patterns and treatment durability in the biologic era are scarce in a real-world setting. The aim of this project was to provide information on the treatment courses in a real-world setting over past 10\u00a0years. Data on demographics, concomitant atopic diseases and treatments were collected retrospectively at seven Austrian centres. The eligible subjects had to start their first therapy between January 2014 and February 2025. In total, 336 patients (30.1% female) were analyzed of whom 34.5% remained on the first line treatment. In a mean time of 7.6\u00a0months, a second line treatment was started. The most common first line treatment was swallowed topical corticosteroids (STCs) (54.2%), followed by proton pump inhibitors (22.3%) and food elimination diet (6.0%). In contrast to only a minority who continued on PPI therapy after starting it (21.3%), the majority of patients had ongoing STC treatment (51%). Forty-one (12.2%) patients received a treatment with dupilumab of whom only one as first line treatment (because of multiple type 2 inflammatory diseases) and the majority as second line treatment (57.5%). The reasons for dupilumab were non-response to STC (59%), followed by side effects (24%). 97.6% (40\/41) of them remained on dupilumab until the last follow-up. Although most patients receive STC at the beginning, the majority need multiple treatment lines. Dupilumab is used in a tenth of patients due to refractoriness, side-effects or treatment of other type 2 inflammatory diseases.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1093\/dote\/doag044","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,23]],"date-time":"2026-04-23T11:40:54Z","timestamp":1776944454000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Treatment patterns of eosinophilic esophagitis in the biologic era\u2014a real-world analysis"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"39","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7331-587X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jagoda","family":"Pokryszka","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine III, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Medical University of Vienna , Vienna ,","place":["Austria"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michael","family":"Weitersberger","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Ordensklinikum Linz Barmherzige Schwestern , Linz ,","place":["Austria"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Patrick","family":"Dinkhauser","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine I, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Endocrinology and Rheumatology, Klinikum Wels-Grieskirchen , Wels ,","place":["Austria"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Karin","family":"Steidl","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, Barmherzige Br\u00fcder St. Veit\/Glan , St. Veit ,","place":["Austria"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Thomas","family":"Horvatits","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Gastromedics , Eisenstadt ,","place":["Austria"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michael","family":"Haefner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"2nd Medical Department, Barmherzige Schwestern Krankenhaus , Vienna ,","place":["Austria"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lili","family":"Kazemi-Shirazi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine III, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Medical University of Vienna , Vienna ,","place":["Austria"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gottfried","family":"Novacek","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine III, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Medical University of Vienna , Vienna ,","place":["Austria"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michael","family":"Trauner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine III, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Medical University of Vienna , Vienna ,","place":["Austria"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wolfgang","family":"Sieghart","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Imed19 , Vienna ,","place":["Austria"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hansjoerg","family":"Schlager","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Medical University of Graz , Graz ,","place":["Austria"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Philipp","family":"Schreiner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine III, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Medical University of Vienna , Vienna ,","place":["Austria"]},{"name":"Imed19 , Vienna ,","place":["Austria"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,12]]},"reference":[{"key":"2026062205220680300_ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"208","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2010.10.039","article-title":"A striking local esophageal cytokine expression profile in eosinophilic esophagitis","volume":"127","author":"Blanchard","year":"2011","journal-title":"J Allergy Clin Immunol"},{"key":"2026062205220680300_ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1312","DOI":"10.1111\/apt.12513","article-title":"The outcome of patients with oesophageal eosinophilic infiltration after an eight-week trial of a proton pump inhibitor","volume":"38","author":"Vazquez-Elizondo","year":"2013","journal-title":"Aliment Pharmacol Ther"},{"key":"2026062205220680300_ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"406","DOI":"10.1007\/s00508-023-02198-0","article-title":"Management of suspected and known eosinophilic esophagitis-a nationwide survey in Austria","volume":"135","author":"Schreiner","year":"2023","journal-title":"Wien Klin Wochenschr"},{"key":"2026062205220680300_ref4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1776","DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2020.02.038","article-title":"AGA Institute and the joint task force on allergy-immunology practice parameters clinical guidelines for the Management of Eosinophilic Esophagitis","volume":"158","author":"Hirano","year":"2020","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"key":"2026062205220680300_ref5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2903","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cgh.2020.01.024","article-title":"\u201cEfficacy of therapy for eosinophilic esophagitis in real-world practice,\u201d (in eng)","volume":"18","author":"Laserna-Mendieta","year":"2020","journal-title":"Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol"},{"key":"2026062205220680300_ref6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1527","DOI":"10.1038\/ajg.2017.202","article-title":"\"long-term treatment of eosinophilic esophagitis with swallowed topical corticosteroids: development and evaluation of a therapeutic concept,\" (in eng)","volume":"112","author":"Greuter","year":"2017","journal-title":"Am J Gastroenterol"},{"key":"2026062205220680300_ref7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3147","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaip.2024.08.013","article-title":"Induction of sustained remission and reversal of pathologic transcriptome achieved with tezepelumab in an adolescent with eosinophilic esophagitis","volume":"12","author":"Sharlin","year":"2024","journal-title":"J Allergy Clin Immunol Pract"},{"key":"2026062205220680300_ref8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"31","DOI":"10.14309\/ajg.0000000000003194","article-title":"ACG clinical guideline: diagnosis and Management of Eosinophilic Esophagitis","volume":"120","author":"Dellon","year":"2025","journal-title":"Am J Gastroenterol"},{"key":"2026062205220680300_ref9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2144","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cgh.2024.10.034","article-title":"Efficacy and safety of budesonide Orodispersible tablets for eosinophilic esophagitis up to 3 years: an open-label extension study","volume":"23","author":"Biedermann","year":"2024","journal-title":"Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol"},{"key":"2026062205220680300_ref10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"130","DOI":"10.14309\/ajg.0000000000003449","article-title":"Loss of response to off-label swallowed topical corticosteroids in eosinophilic esophagitis can be overcome by a switch to an esophageal-targeted budesonide formulation","volume":"121","author":"Murray","year":"2025","journal-title":"Am J Gastroenterol"},{"key":"2026062205220680300_ref11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/dote\/doab073","article-title":"What patients with eosinophilic esophagitis may not share with their providers: a qualitative assessment of online health communities","volume":"35","author":"Chang","year":"2022","journal-title":"Dis Esophagus"},{"key":"2026062205220680300_ref12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1808","DOI":"10.1007\/s10620-020-06438-5","article-title":"Motivations, barriers, and outcomes of patient-reported shared decision making in eosinophilic esophagitis","volume":"66","author":"Chang","year":"2021","journal-title":"Dig Dis Sci"},{"key":"2026062205220680300_ref13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"163","DOI":"10.1159\/000486131","article-title":"Cohort profile: the Swiss eosinophilic esophagitis cohort study (SEECS)","volume":"2","author":"Safroneeva","year":"2018","journal-title":"Inflamm Intest Dis"},{"key":"2026062205220680300_ref14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"165","DOI":"10.1159\/000539713","article-title":"Cohort profile update: the Swiss eosinophilic esophagitis cohort study (SEECS)","volume":"9","author":"El-Khoury","year":"2024","journal-title":"Inflamm Intest Dis"},{"key":"2026062205220680300_ref15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cgh.2025.01.016","article-title":"Proton pump inhibitors for inducing and maintaining remission in eosinophilic esophagitis: an updated systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"23","author":"Lucendo","year":"2025","journal-title":"Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol"},{"key":"2026062205220680300_ref16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2197","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cgh.2023.01.019","article-title":"\"efficacy of elimination diets in eosinophilic esophagitis: a systematic review and meta-analysis,\" (in eng)","volume":"21","author":"Mayerhofer","year":"2023","journal-title":"Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol"},{"key":"2026062205220680300_ref17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1963","DOI":"10.14309\/ajg.0000000000001949","article-title":"Long-term outcomes of the six-food elimination diet and food reintroduction in a large cohort of adults with eosinophilic esophagitis","volume":"117","author":"Zalewski","year":"2022","journal-title":"Am J Gastroenterol"},{"key":"2026062205220680300_ref18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"211","DOI":"10.1159\/000504846","article-title":"Systematic assessment of adult patients' satisfaction with various eosinophilic esophagitis therapies","volume":"181","author":"Safroneeva","year":"2020","journal-title":"Int Arch Allergy Immunol"},{"key":"2026062205220680300_ref19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"990","DOI":"10.1016\/s2468-1253(23)00204-2","article-title":"Efficacy and safety of dupilumab up to 52 weeks in adults and adolescents with eosinophilic oesophagitis (LIBERTY EoE TREET study): a multicentre, double-blind, randomised, placebo-controlled, phase 3 trial","volume":"8","author":"Rothenberg","year":"2023","journal-title":"Lancet Gastroenterol Hepatol"},{"key":"2026062205220680300_ref20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.14309\/ajg.0000000000003087","article-title":"Real-world effectiveness and use of dupilumab in eosinophilic esophagitis","volume":"120","author":"Russin","year":"2025","journal-title":"Am J Gastroenterol"},{"key":"2026062205220680300_ref21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"252","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cgh.2023.08.015","article-title":"Real-world efficacy of dupilumab in severe, treatment-refractory, and Fibrostenotic patients with eosinophilic esophagitis","volume":"22","author":"Lee","year":"2024","journal-title":"Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol"},{"key":"2026062205220680300_ref22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cgh.2025.01.010","article-title":"A real-world study of cumulative steroid burden among patients with eosinophilic esophagitis in the United States","volume":"23","author":"Chehade","year":"2025","journal-title":"Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol"},{"key":"2026062205220680300_ref23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"161","DOI":"10.14309\/ajg.0000000000003104","article-title":"Cost-effectiveness analysis of current treatment options for eosinophilic esophagitis","volume":"120","author":"Hiramoto","year":"2025","journal-title":"Am J Gastroenterol"}],"container-title":["Diseases of the Esophagus"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/dote\/article-pdf\/39\/3\/doag044\/68274192\/doag044.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/dote\/article-pdf\/39\/3\/doag044\/68274192\/doag044.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,22]],"date-time":"2026-06-22T09:22:12Z","timestamp":1782120132000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/dote\/article\/doi\/10.1093\/dote\/doag044\/8676599"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,12]]},"references-count":23,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,12]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/dote\/doag044","relation":{},"ISSN":["1120-8694","1442-2050"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1120-8694","type":"print"},{"value":"1442-2050","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published-other":{"date-parts":[[2026,6]]},"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,12]]},"article-number":"doag044"}}