{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,24]],"date-time":"2026-10-24T10:13:11Z","timestamp":1792836791634,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":45,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,3,26]],"date-time":"2020-03-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1585180800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Irving National Intestinal Failure Unit, Salford Royal Hospital"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,11,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Background and Aims<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Intestinal failure [IF] is a feared complication of Crohn\u2019s disease [CD]. Although cumulative loss of small bowel due to bowel resections is thought to be the dominant cause, the causes and outcomes have not been reported.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Consecutive adult patients referred to a national intestinal failure unit over 2000\u20132018 with a diagnosis of CD, and subsequently treated with parenteral nutrition during at least 12 months, were included in this longitudinal cohort study. Data were extracted from a prospective institutional clinical database and patient records.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>A total of 121 patients were included. Of these, 62 [51%] of patients developed IF as a consequence of abdominal sepsis complicating abdominal surgery; small bowel resection, primary disease activity, and proximal stoma were less common causes [31%, 12%, and 6%, respectively]. Further, 32 had perianastomotic sepsis, and 15 of those had documented risk factors for anastomotic dehiscence. On Kaplan-Meier analysis, 40% of all patients regained nutritional autonomy within 10 years and none did subsequently; 14% of patients developed intestinal failure-associated liver disease. On Kaplan-Meier analysis, projected mean age of death was 74 years.2<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>IF is a severe complication of CD, with 60% of patients permanently dependent on parenteral nutrition. The most frequent event leading directly to IF was a septic complication following abdominal surgery, in many cases following intestinal anastomosis in the presence of significant risk factors for anastomotic dehiscence. A reduced need for abdominal surgery, an increased awareness of perioperative risk factors, and structured pre-operative optimisation may reduce the incidence of IF in CD.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/ecco-jcc\/jjaa060","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,3,23]],"date-time":"2020-03-23T04:09:21Z","timestamp":1584936561000},"page":"1558-1564","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":16,"title":["Causes and Prognosis of Intestinal Failure in Crohn\u2019s Disease: An 18-year Experience From a National Centre"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"14","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4287-6978","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mattias","family":"Soop","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Irving National Intestinal Failure Unit, University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Salford Royal NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Haroon","family":"Khan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Irving National Intestinal Failure Unit, University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Salford Royal NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Emma","family":"Nixon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Irving National Intestinal Failure Unit, University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Salford Royal NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Antje","family":"Teubner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Irving National Intestinal Failure Unit, University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Salford Royal NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Arun","family":"Abraham","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Irving National Intestinal Failure Unit, University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Salford Royal NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gordon","family":"Carlson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Irving National Intestinal Failure Unit, University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Salford Royal NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Simon","family":"Lal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Irving National Intestinal Failure Unit, University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Salford Royal NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,3,26]]},"reference":[{"key":"2020110703011291900_CIT0001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"471","DOI":"10.1016\/0140-6736(91)93403-V","article-title":"Spectrum of intestinal failure in a specialised unit","volume":"337","author":"Scott","year":"1991","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"2020110703011291900_CIT0002","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"171","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clnu.2014.08.017","article-title":"ESPEN endorsed recommendations. 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