{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,31]],"date-time":"2026-07-31T01:57:05Z","timestamp":1785463025452,"version":"3.56.0"},"reference-count":19,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,31]],"date-time":"2022-03-31T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1648684800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/pages\/standard-publication-reuse-rights"}],"funder":[{"name":"IBD-COMFORT Foundation"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Background and Aims<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Knowledge on the immunogenicity of anti-SARS-CoV-2 vaccines in inflammatory bowel disease [IBD] patients is limited. Therefore, SARS-CoV-2-specific T-cell responses and antibodies were analysed in 60 IBD vaccine recipients and 30 controls.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>SARS-CoV-2 IgG antibodies against the viral spike protein were measured at baseline and at 8 and 26 weeks after the second vaccine dose. SARS-CoV-2 IgG antibodies against the nucleocapsid antigens were measured at week 26. A SARS-CoV-2 interferon-gamma released assay [IGRA] was performed in all vaccinees at week 26.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>At weeks 0 and 8, no differences were found in anti-spike antibodies between cohorts. At week 26, the decrease in antibody levels was more significant in the IBD cohort compared to the healthy cohort, and anti-nucleocapsid antibodies were not detected in either group. At week 26, 16 of 90 [18%] vaccinated individuals had a negative IGRA test result, seven of 90 [8%] were borderline and 67 [74%] had a positive IGRA result; 22 of the 23 individuals with negative or borderline IGRA results belonged to the IBD cohort. However, the overall functional ability of T-lymphocytes to produce interferon-gamma after the unspecific mitogen stimulation was lower in IBD patients. In vaccinated individuals with low or borderline IGRA, treatment with tumour necrosis factor-alpha inhibitors was the most frequent. In individuals with a significant drop in anti-spike antibody levels, plasmatic interferon-gamma concentrations after the specific SARS-CoV-2 stimulation were also insufficient.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Simple humoral and cellular post-vaccination monitoring is advisable in IBD patients so that repeated vaccine doses may be scheduled.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/ecco-jcc\/jjac048","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,24]],"date-time":"2022-03-24T21:49:58Z","timestamp":1648158598000},"page":"1347-1353","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":14,"title":["Cellular and Humoral Immune Responses to SARS-CoV-2 Vaccination in Inflammatory Bowel Disease Patients"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"16","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1593-5899","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Karin","family":"Cerna","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinical and Research Centre for Inflammatory Bowel Disease ISCARE and First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague , Czech Republic"},{"name":"GENNET Prague , Czech Republic"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dana","family":"Duricova","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinical and Research Centre for Inflammatory Bowel Disease ISCARE and First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague , Czech Republic"},{"name":"Institute of Pharmacology, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague , Czech Republic"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Miroslav","family":"Hindos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"AGILAB Group s.r.o. , Prague , Czech 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