{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,5]],"date-time":"2026-11-05T07:49:31Z","timestamp":1793864971876,"version":"4.6.1"},"reference-count":23,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,4,9]],"date-time":"2022-04-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1649462400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/pages\/standard-publication-reuse-rights"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000780","name":"European Commission","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000780","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100008700","name":"International Agency for Research on Cancer","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100008700","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000265","name":"Medical Research Council","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["MR\/N003284\/1"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["MR\/N003284\/1"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000265","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000265","name":"Medical Research Council","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["MC-PC_13048,"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["MC-PC_13048,"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000265","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000265","name":"Medical Research Council","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["MC-UU_12015\/1"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["MC-UU_12015\/1"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000265","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000265","name":"Medical Research Council","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["MR\/M012190\/1"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["MR\/M012190\/1"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000265","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000289","name":"Cancer Research UK","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["C8221\/A29017"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["C8221\/A29017"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000289","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,30]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background and Aims<\/jats:title><jats:p>We aimed to investigate the association between protein intake and risk of inflammatory bowel disease [IBD] in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>A total of 413 593 participants from eight European countries were included. Dietary data were collected at baseline from validated food frequency questionnaires. Dietary data were calibrated to correct errors in measures related to each country-specific questionnaire. Associations between proteins [total, animal, and vegetable] or food sources of animal proteins, and IBD risk were estimated by Cox proportional hazard models.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>After a mean follow-up of 16 years, 177 patients with Crohn\u2019s disease [CD] and 418 with ulcerative colitis [UC], were identified. There was no association between total protein, animal protein, or vegetable protein intakes and CD or UC risks. Total meat and red meat intakes were associated with UC risk (hazard ratio [HR] for the 4th vs 1st quartile = 1.40, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.99-1.98, p-trend = 0.01; and 1.61, 95% CI = 1.10-2.36, p-trend = 0.007, respectively]. There was no association between other food sources of animal protein [processed meat, fish, shellfish, eggs, poultry] and UC. We found no association between food sources of animal proteins and CD risk.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>Meat and red meat consumptions are associated with higher risks of UC. These results support dietary counselling of low meat intake in people at high-risk of IBD.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/ecco-jcc\/jjac054","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,4,9]],"date-time":"2022-04-09T08:52:38Z","timestamp":1649494358000},"page":"1187-1196","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":70,"title":["Meat Intake Is Associated with a Higher Risk of Ulcerative Colitis in a Large European Prospective Cohort Study\u00f8"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"16","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3483-1019","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Catherine","family":"Dong","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"INSERM, Centre for Research in Epidemiology and Population Health, Institut Gustave Roussy, Universit\u00e9 Paris Saclay , Villejuif , France"},{"name":"Department of Gastroenterology, University Hospital of Bic\u00eatre, Assistance Publique-H\u00f4pitaux de Paris and Universit\u00e9 Paris-Saclay , Le Kremlin Bic\u00eatre , France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Simon S M","family":"Chan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Norwich Medical School, Department of Medicine, University of East Anglia , Norwich , UK"},{"name":"Department of Gastroenterology, Norfolk and Norwich University Hospital NHS Trust , Norwich , UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Prevost","family":"Jantchou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"INSERM, Centre for Research in Epidemiology and Population Health, Institut Gustave Roussy, Universit\u00e9 Paris Saclay , Villejuif , France"},{"name":"Sainte Justine University Hospital , Montr\u00e9al, QC , Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Antoine","family":"Racine","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"INSERM, Centre for Research in Epidemiology and Population Health, Institut Gustave Roussy, Universit\u00e9 Paris Saclay , Villejuif , France"},{"name":"Department of Gastroenterology, University Hospital of Bic\u00eatre, Assistance Publique-H\u00f4pitaux de Paris and Universit\u00e9 Paris-Saclay , Le Kremlin Bic\u00eatre , France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bas","family":"Oldenburg","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University Medical Centre , Utrecht , The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2237-0128","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Elisabete","family":"Weiderpass","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"International Agency for Research on Cancer, World Health Organization , Lyon , France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6517-1300","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Alicia K","family":"Heath","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Imperial College London , London , UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tammy Y N","family":"Tong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cancer Epidemiology Unit, Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford , Oxford , UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4385-2097","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Anne","family":"Tj\u00f8nneland","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Danish Cancer Society Research Center , Copenhagen , Denmark"},{"name":"Department of Public Health, University of Copenhagen , Copenhagen , Denmark"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9083-8960","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Cecilie","family":"Kyr\u00f8","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Danish Cancer Society Research Center , Copenhagen , 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M","family":"Bergman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Epidemiology, German Institute of Human Nutrition , Potsdam , Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3358-1775","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Heiner","family":"Boeing","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Epidemiology, German Institute of Human Nutrition , Potsdam , Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Domenico","family":"Palli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Molecular and Nutritional Epidemiology Unit, Cancer Research and Prevention Institute , Florence , Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5758-9069","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Giovanna","family":"Masala","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Molecular and Nutritional Epidemiology Unit, Cancer Research and Prevention 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