{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,4]],"date-time":"2026-11-04T21:20:18Z","timestamp":1793827218901,"version":"4.6.1"},"reference-count":49,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,7,18]],"date-time":"2023-07-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1689638400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Italy\u2019s Ministry of Health"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,30]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:p>IFN\u03b3-producing ex-Th17 cells [\u2018Th1\/17\u2019] were shown to play a key pathogenic role in experimental colitis and are abundant in the intestine. Here, we identified and characterised a novel, potentially colitogenic subset of Th17 cells in the intestine of patients with Crohn\u2019s disease [CD]. Human Th17 cells expressing CCR5 [\u2018pTh17\u2019] co-expressed T-bet and RORC\/\u03b3t and produced very high levels of IL-17, together with IFN-\u03b3. They had a gene signature of Th17 effector cells and were distinct from established Th1\/17 cells. pTh17 cells, but not Th1\/17 cells, were associated with intestinal inflammation in CD, and decreased upon successful anti-TNF therapy with infliximab. Conventional CCR5[-]Th17 cells differentiated to pTh17 cells with IL-23 in vitro. Moreover, anti-IL-23 therapy with risankizumab strongly reduced pTh17 cells in the intestine. Importantly, intestinal pTh17 cells were selectively activated by adherent-invasive Escherichia coli [AIEC], but not by a commensal\/probiotic E. coli strain. AIEC induced high levels of IL-23 and RANTES from dendritic cells [DC]. Intestinal CCR5+Th1\/17 cells responded instead to cytomegalovirus and were reduced in ulcerative colitis [UC], suggesting an unexpected protective role. In conclusion, we identified an IL-23\u2013inducible subset of human intestinal Th17 cells. pTh17 cells produced high levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines, were selectively associated with intestinal inflammation in CD, and responded to CD-associated AIEC, suggesting a key colitogenic role.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1093\/ecco-jcc\/jjad119","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,7,18]],"date-time":"2023-07-18T15:26:26Z","timestamp":1689693986000},"page":"1988-2001","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":46,"title":["An Intestinal Th17 Subset is Associated with Inflammation in Crohn\u2019s Disease and Activated by Adherent-invasive <i>Escherichia coli<\/i>"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"17","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8199-3128","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Moira","family":"Paroni","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"INGM-National Institute of Molecular Genetics \u2018Romeo ed Enrica Invernizzi\u2019 , Milan , Italy"},{"name":"Department of Biosciences, Universit\u00e0 degli Studi di Milano , Milan , Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gabriella","family":"Leccese","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biosciences, Universit\u00e0 degli Studi di Milano , Milan , Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Valeria","family":"Ranzani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"INGM-National Institute of Molecular Genetics \u2018Romeo ed Enrica Invernizzi\u2019 , Milan , Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7763-4421","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Giorgia","family":"Moschetti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"INGM-National Institute of Molecular Genetics \u2018Romeo ed Enrica Invernizzi\u2019 , Milan , Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3983-4961","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Matteo","family":"Chiara","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biosciences, Universit\u00e0 degli Studi di Milano , Milan , Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Federica","family":"Perillo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Experimental Oncology, European Institute of Oncology , Milan , Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sara","family":"Ferri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biotechnology and Bioscience, University of Milano-Bicocca , Milan , Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Francesca","family":"Clemente","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"INGM-National Institute of Molecular Genetics \u2018Romeo ed Enrica Invernizzi\u2019 , Milan , 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Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maria Pia","family":"Conte","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Public Health and Infectious Diseases, \u2018Sapienza\u2019 University of Rome , Rome , Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1558-8604","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Maurizio","family":"Vecchi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Gastroenterology and Endoscopy Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Ca\u2019 Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico , Milan , Italy"},{"name":"Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, Universit\u00e0 degli Studi di Milano , Milan , Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Massimiliano","family":"Pagani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"INGM-National Institute of Molecular Genetics \u2018Romeo ed Enrica Invernizzi\u2019 , Milan , Italy"},{"name":"Molecular Oncology and Immunology, FIRC Institute of Molecular Oncology [IFOM] , Milan , Italy"},{"name":"Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine, University of Milan , Milan , Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Paolo","family":"Landini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biosciences, Universit\u00e0 degli Studi di Milano , Milan , Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2541-9428","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Federica","family":"Facciotti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"INGM-National Institute of Molecular Genetics \u2018Romeo ed Enrica Invernizzi\u2019 , Milan , Italy"},{"name":"Department of Experimental Oncology, European Institute of Oncology , Milan , Italy"},{"name":"Department of Biotechnology and Bioscience, University of Milano-Bicocca , Milan , 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