{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,10]],"date-time":"2026-06-10T10:56:21Z","timestamp":1781088981166,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":41,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,7,13]],"date-time":"2023-07-13T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1689206400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":1,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/journals\/pages\/open_access\/funder_policies\/chorus\/standard_publication_model"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000001","name":"National Science Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["PBSGP1_138770"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["PBSGP1_138770"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000001","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,20]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Summary<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:p>In heterogeneous treatment effect models with endogeneity, identification of the local average treatment effect (LATE) typically relies on the availability of an exogenous instrument monotonically related to treatment participation. First, we demonstrate that a strictly weaker local monotonicity condition\u2014invoked for specific potential outcome values rather than globally\u2014identifies the LATEs on compliers and defiers. Second, we show that our identification results apply to subsets of compliers and defiers when imposing an even weaker local compliers-defiers assumption that allows for both types at any potential outcome value. We propose estimators that are potentially more efficient than two-stage least squares (2SLS) in finite samples, even in cases where 2SLS is consistent. Finally, we provide an empirical application to estimating returns to education using the quarter of birth instrument.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1093\/ectj\/utad013","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,7,13]],"date-time":"2023-07-13T00:29:32Z","timestamp":1689208172000},"page":"378-404","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["It is never too LATE: a new look at local average treatment effects with or without defiers"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"26","author":[{"given":"Christian M","family":"Dahl","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Southern Denmark , Campusvej 55, 5230 Odense , Denmark"},{"name":"University of Fribourg , Av. de l'Europe 20, 1700 Fribourg , Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Martin","family":"Huber","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Southern Denmark , Campusvej 55, 5230 Odense , Denmark"},{"name":"University of Fribourg , Av. de l'Europe 20, 1700 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