{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,8]],"date-time":"2026-09-08T00:37:12Z","timestamp":1788827832574,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":38,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,22]],"date-time":"2024-02-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1708560000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/journals\/pages\/open_access\/funder_policies\/chorus\/standard_publication_model"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000038","name":"NSERC","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["401715"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["401715"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000038","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,17]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Summary<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:p>This paper investigates the relationship between democracy and economic growth in the context of a linear index threshold regression model. We first introduce the baseline model with endogeneity and propose a two-step smoothed generalised method of moments estimation method. We establish the consistency and derive the asymptotic distributions of the proposed estimators. We then extend the approach to a dynamic panel context and employ the model to explore the impact of democratisation on economic growth. Our findings reveal that democratisation\u2019s impact on growth is nonlinear and depends on the country\u2019s current institutional quality level. Furthermore, democracy\u2019s impact on economic growth is more pronounced in countries with higher education levels than others, suggesting that education also plays a crucial role in enhancing the positive effects of democracy. Our proposed estimator can be used in other situations that require the use of more than one threshold variable. In these cases, our hybrid estimator has less stringent data requirements than an alternative model where the thresholds would enter separately, especially when the threshold variables are correlated.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1093\/ectj\/utae006","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,23]],"date-time":"2024-02-23T05:56:16Z","timestamp":1708667776000},"page":"412-441","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Threshold nonlinearities and the democracy-growth nexus"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"27","author":[{"given":"Chaoyi","family":"Chen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Magyar Nemzeti Bank (Central Bank of Hungary) , Budapest, 1054 ,","place":["Hungary"]},{"name":"MNB Institute, John von Neumann University , Kecskem\u00e9t, 6000 ,","place":["Hungary"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Thanasis","family":"Stengos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Economics and Finance, University of Guelph , Guelph, Ontario N1G 2W1 ,","place":["Canada"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,22]]},"reference":[{"issue":"1","key":"2024101714461039900_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"47","DOI":"10.1086\/700936","article-title":"Democracy does cause growth","volume":"127","author":"Acemoglu","year":"2019","journal-title":"Journal of Political Economy"},{"issue":"4","key":"2024101714461039900_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1167","DOI":"10.1162\/003355300555042","article-title":"Why did the West extend the franchise? 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