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In addition, a weaker support condition is used relative to the existing literature. Unlike other semiparametric estimators, the estimator proposed here is $\\sqrt{n}$-consistent. A test of the required symmetry condition is provided. Monte Carlo evidence shows that the estimator performs well with moderate sample sizes, and is robust to unimodal and multimodal error distributions. The estimator is applied to an entry game of discount retailers. The results suggest that researchers should apply the normality assumption with caution.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1093\/ectj\/utae015","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,14]],"date-time":"2024-09-14T08:28:09Z","timestamp":1726302489000},"page":"219-260","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Identification and estimation of entry games under symmetry of unobservables"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"28","author":[{"given":"Yu","family":"Zhou","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"NYU Shanghai Department of Economics, , 200122 ,","place":["China"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,13]]},"reference":[{"issue":"3","key":"2025060607020196200_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"738","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1756-2171.2006.tb00040.x","article-title":"Quantifying equilibrium network externalities in the ach banking industry","volume":"37","author":"Ackerberg","year":"2006","journal-title":"RAND Journal of Economics"},{"issue":"6","key":"2025060607020196200_bib58_981_151824","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2411","DOI":"10.3982\/ECTA13408","article-title":"Identification properties of recent production function estimators","volume":"83","author":"Ackerberg","year":"2015","journal-title":"Econometrica"},{"key":"2025060607020196200_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"497","DOI":"10.1111\/1467-937X.00055","article-title":"Semiparametric estimation of a sample selection model","volume":"65","author":"Andrews","year":"1998","journal-title":"Review of Economic Studies"},{"issue":"1","key":"2025060607020196200_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"120","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jeconom.2011.09.010","article-title":"Pairwise-difference estimation of incomplete information game","volume":"168","author":"Aradillas-Lopez","year":"2012","journal-title":"Journal of Econometrics"},{"issue":"4","key":"2025060607020196200_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"889","DOI":"10.2307\/2951571","article-title":"Estimation of a model of entry in the airline industry","volume":"60","author":"Berry","year":"1992","journal-title":"Econometrica"},{"key":"2025060607020196200_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"46","DOI":"10.1017\/CBO9781139052276.004","article-title":"Identification in models of oligopoly entry","volume-title":"Advances in Econometrics, Theory and Applications Ninth World Congress","author":"Berry","year":"2006"},{"year":"1984","author":"Bjorn","article-title":"Simultaneous equations models for dummy endogenous variables: A game theoretic formulation with an application to labor force participation","key":"2025060607020196200_bib6"},{"issue":"1\u20132","key":"2025060607020196200_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"57","DOI":"10.1016\/0304-4076(91)90032-9","article-title":"Empirical models of discrete games","volume":"48","author":"Bresnahan","year":"1991","journal-title":"Journal of Econometrics"},{"issue":"5","key":"2025060607020196200_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"977","DOI":"10.1086\/261786","article-title":"Entry and competition in concentrated markets","volume":"99","author":"Bresnahan","year":"1991","journal-title":"Journal of Political Economy"},{"issue":"2","key":"2025060607020196200_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"235","DOI":"10.1111\/1467-937X.00168","article-title":"Discrete choice with social interaction","volume":"68","author":"Brock","year":"2001","journal-title":"Review of Economics Studies"},{"issue":"4","key":"2025060607020196200_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1130","DOI":"10.1162\/REST_a_00340","article-title":"Peer effects and multiple equilibria in the risky behavior of friends","volume":"95","author":"Card","year":"2013","journal-title":"Review of Economics and Statistics"},{"issue":"3","key":"2025060607020196200_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"855","DOI":"10.3982\/ECTA10168","article-title":"From natural variation to optimal policy? 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