{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,21]],"date-time":"2026-08-21T13:03:14Z","timestamp":1787317394382,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":77,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,29]],"date-time":"2023-12-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1703808000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":362,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000925","name":"John Templeton Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["50183 61174"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["50183 61174"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000925","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000925","name":"John Templeton Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["50183 61174"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["50183 61174"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000925","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,29]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Three successive multiple generations of rats were exposed to different toxicants and then bred to the transgenerational F5 generation to assess the impacts of multiple generation different exposures. The current study examines the actions of the agricultural fungicide vinclozolin on the F0 generation, followed by jet fuel hydrocarbon mixture exposure of the F1 generation, and then pesticide dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane on the F2 generation gestating females. The subsequent F3 and F4 generations and F5 transgenerational generation were obtained and F1\u2013F5 generations examined for male sperm epigenetic alterations and pathology in males and females. Significant impacts on the male sperm differential DNA methylation regions were observed. The F3\u2013F5 generations were similar in \u223c50% of the DNA methylation regions. The pathology of each generation was assessed in the testis, ovary, kidney, and prostate, as well as the presence of obesity and tumors. The pathology used a newly developed Deep Learning, artificial intelligence-based histopathology analysis. Observations demonstrated compounded disease impacts in obesity and metabolic parameters, but other pathologies plateaued with smaller increases at the F5 transgenerational generation. Observations demonstrate that multiple generational exposures, which occur in human populations, appear to increase epigenetic impacts and disease susceptibility.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1093\/eep\/dvad006","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,7]],"date-time":"2023-12-07T03:52:19Z","timestamp":1701921139000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":32,"title":["Multiple generation distinct toxicant exposures induce epigenetic transgenerational inheritance of\u00a0enhanced pathology and\u00a0obesity"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"9","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8894-4054","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Eric E","family":"Nilsson","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Reproductive Biology, School of Biological Sciences, Washington State University , Pullman, WA 99164-4236, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Margaux","family":"McBirney","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Reproductive Biology, School of Biological Sciences, Washington State University , Pullman, WA 99164-4236, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8724-4846","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sarah","family":"De Santos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Reproductive Biology, School of Biological Sciences, Washington State University , Pullman, WA 99164-4236, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Stephanie E","family":"King","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Reproductive Biology, School of Biological Sciences, Washington State University , Pullman, WA 99164-4236, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Daniel","family":"Beck","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Reproductive Biology, School of Biological Sciences, Washington State University , Pullman, WA 99164-4236, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Colin","family":"Greeley","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Washington State University , Pullman, WA 99164, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lawrence B","family":"Holder","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Washington State University , Pullman, WA 99164, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8224-2078","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Michael K","family":"Skinner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Reproductive Biology, School of Biological Sciences, Washington State University , Pullman, WA 99164-4236, 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