{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,4]],"date-time":"2026-11-04T08:26:27Z","timestamp":1793780787381,"version":"4.6.1"},"reference-count":178,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,10]],"date-time":"2025-09-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1757462400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":252,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100007109","name":"University of Ferrara","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100007109","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"University Fund for Scientific Research"},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100002097","name":"FAR","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100002097","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Departmental Research Incentive Fund"},{"name":"University Strategic Centre for Studies on Gender Medicine"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,22]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Female survivors of physical or psychological violence, including sexual violence, report significant long-term consequences defined as post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Among these, depression, affective difficulties, anomalous behaviours, and worsened reproductive health may also affect offspring through transgenerational transmission involving primordial germ cells (PGCs) and\/or through social transmission and acquisition of behavioural patterns from parent(s) to children. The concept of epigenomic modification involves several molecular targets that are sensitive to environmental stressors, which tune gene activity and expression. DNA methylation, histone acetylation, ncRNAs, telomere attrition, and mitochondrial dysfunction cooperate in maintaining homeostasis and may affect genes involved in key pathways, such as the hypothalamic\u2013pituitary\u2013adrenal axis, mediating the integrated homeostatic response to stressors. The most investigated genes were those implicated in neuroendocrine stress responses; dopamine, norepinephrine, and serotonin signalling; apoptosis; insulin secretion; neuroplasticity; reproduction; foetal growth; and cancer (e.g. MAOA, BRSK2, ADCYAP1, BDNF, DRD2, IGF2, H19). Additional investigated genes were those involved in other important functions, such as neuropeptide binding, immunoregulation, histone deacetylase\/demethylase, inflammatory response, and serotonin uptake, yielding interesting but preliminary or not completely replicated findings (e.g. CRHR1, FKBP5, KDM1A, NR3C1, PRTFDC1, and SLC6A4). The assumption that epigenetic traits induced by negative experiences can be reversed by appropriate social, psychological, and pharmacological interventions has prompted the scientific community to investigate the relationship between epigenetic mechanisms and physical and psychological violence. This can help to identify direct links or epigenetic marks useful for optimizing personalized interventions encompassing the genetic, neuropsychiatric, social, and forensic medicolegal fields. Future research should be conducted with extreme caution to evaluate the long-term effects of such strategies and assess whether the immediate observed effects are maintained.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1093\/eep\/dvaf025","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,10]],"date-time":"2025-09-10T11:56:55Z","timestamp":1757505415000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Epigenetic modifications and transgenerational inheritance in women victims of violence (EWVV)"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"11","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6213-6120","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Donato","family":"Gemmati","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Ferrara Department of Translational Medicine, , 44121 Ferrara ,","place":["Italy"]},{"name":"University Strategic Centre for Studies on Gender Medicine, University of Ferrara , 44121 Ferrara ,","place":["Italy"]},{"name":"Centre Haemostasis & Thrombosis, University of Ferrara , 44121 Ferrara ,","place":["Italy"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Matteo","family":"Villanova","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Roma Tre University Department of Education Sciences, , 00154 Rome ,","place":["Italy"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fabio","family":"Scarpellini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"CERM-Hungaria , 00198 Rome ,","place":["Italy"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Daniela","family":"Milani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Ferrara Department of Translational Medicine, , 44121 Ferrara ,","place":["Italy"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rossana","family":"Cecchi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Metabolic and Neural Sciences, Institute of Legal Medicine, University of Modena Department of Biomedical, , 41125 Modena ,","place":["Italy"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ajay Vikram","family":"Singh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"German Federal Institute for Risk Assessment (BfR) Department of Chemical and Product Safety, , 10589 Berlin ,","place":["Germany"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rosa Maria","family":"Gaudio","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Ferrara Department of Translational Medicine, , 44121 Ferrara ,","place":["Italy"]},{"name":"University Strategic Centre for Studies on Gender Medicine, University of Ferrara , 44121 Ferrara ,","place":["Italy"]},{"name":"Section of Legal Medicine and LTTA Centre, University of Ferrara , 44121 Ferrara ,","place":["Italy"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Veronica","family":"Tisato","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Ferrara Department of Translational Medicine, , 44121 Ferrara ,","place":["Italy"]},{"name":"University Strategic Centre for Studies on Gender Medicine, University of Ferrara , 44121 Ferrara ,","place":["Italy"]},{"name":"LTTA Centre, University of Ferrara , 44121 Ferrara ,","place":["Italy"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,10]]},"reference":[{"key":"2025103008494806400_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"273","DOI":"10.1016\/bs.pmbts.2018.03.003","article-title":"Transgenerational epigenetics of traumatic stress","volume":"158","author":"Jawaid","year":"2018","journal-title":"Prog Mol Biol Transl Sci"},{"key":"2025103008494806400_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"641","DOI":"10.1038\/nrg3964","article-title":"Molecular insights into transgenerational non-genetic inheritance of acquired behaviours","volume":"16","author":"Bohacek","year":"2015","journal-title":"Nat Rev Genet"},{"key":"2025103008494806400_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2457","DOI":"10.1096\/fj.201500083","article-title":"Transgenerational epigenetic inheritance in mammals: how good is the evidence?","volume":"30","author":"van\u00a0Otterdijk","year":"2016","journal-title":"Faseb J"},{"key":"2025103008494806400_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"219","DOI":"10.1038\/npp.2015.249","article-title":"Models of intergenerational and transgenerational transmission of risk for psychopathology in mice","volume":"41","author":"Klengel","year":"2016","journal-title":"Neuropsychopharmacology"},{"key":"2025103008494806400_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"294","DOI":"10.1038\/d41586-025-00937-z","article-title":"Can trauma from violence be genetically inherited? Scientists debate syria refugee study","volume":"640","author":"Naddaf","year":"2025","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"2025103008494806400_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"120","DOI":"10.3390\/genes14010120","article-title":"Transgenerational epigenetic inheritance of traumatic experience in mammals","volume":"14","author":"Svorcova","year":"2023","journal-title":"Genes"},{"key":"2025103008494806400_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"81","DOI":"10.3389\/fnbeh.2018.00081","article-title":"Aggression in women: behavior, brain and hormones","volume":"12","author":"Denson","year":"2018","journal-title":"Front Behav Neurosci"},{"key":"2025103008494806400_bib8","author":"United Nations","journal-title":"What Is Domestic Abuse?"},{"key":"2025103008494806400_bib9","author":"UN Women","journal-title":"Gender-Related Killings of Women and Girls (Femicide\/Feminicide): Global Estimates of Female Intimate Partner\/Family-Related Homicides in 2022"},{"key":"2025103008494806400_bib10","author":"World Health Organization","journal-title":"Violence against Women"},{"key":"2025103008494806400_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"859","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(13)61030-2","article-title":"The global prevalence of intimate partner homicide: a systematic review","volume":"382","author":"St\u00f6ckl","year":"2013","journal-title":"The Lancet"},{"key":"2025103008494806400_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"26","DOI":"10.1708\/3546.35217","article-title":"Intimate partner violence (IPV) and associated factors: a cross-sectional study in community psychiatry","volume":"56","author":"Santambrogio","year":"2021","journal-title":"Riv Psichiatr"},{"key":"2025103008494806400_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"97","DOI":"10.1708\/3181.31598","article-title":"Intimate partner violence (IPV) and associated factors: an overview of epidemiological and qualitative evidence in literature","volume":"54","author":"Santambrogio","year":"2019","journal-title":"Riv Psichiatr"},{"key":"2025103008494806400_bib14","article-title":"Global and regional estimates of violence against women: prevalence and health effects of intimate partner violence and non-partner sexual violence","author":"WHO"},{"key":"2025103008494806400_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"98","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-244X-10-98","article-title":"Recovery from depressive symptoms, state anxiety and post-traumatic stress disorder in women exposed to physical and psychological, but not to psychological intimate partner violence alone: a longitudinal study","volume":"10","author":"Blasco-Ros","year":"2010","journal-title":"BMC Psychiatry"},{"key":"2025103008494806400_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"145","DOI":"10.5093\/pi2018a23","article-title":"Psychological harm in women victims of intimate partner violence: epidemiology and quantification of injury in mental health markers","volume":"27","author":"Vilari\u00f1o","year":"2018","journal-title":"\u00a0Psychosoc Interv"},{"key":"2025103008494806400_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"11","DOI":"10.2174\/1874350102114010011","article-title":"Intimate partner violence: a literature review","volume":"14","author":"Yonfa","year":"2021","journal-title":"Open Psychol J"},{"key":"2025103008494806400_bib18","first-page":"190","article-title":"Evaluation of partner violence in female patients with fibromyalgia syndrome","volume":"16","author":"Onur","year":"2020","journal-title":"Med J Bakirkoy"},{"key":"2025103008494806400_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"117","DOI":"10.1016\/S0212-6567(04)79480-9","article-title":"La violencia contra la mujer en la pareja como factor asociado a una mala salud f\u00edsica y ps\u00edquica","volume":"34","author":"Ortega","year":"2004","journal-title":"Aten Primaria"},{"key":"2025103008494806400_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1159","DOI":"10.2337\/dc12-1082","article-title":"Intimate partner violence and incidence of type 2 diabetes in women","volume":"36","author":"Mason","year":"2013","journal-title":"Diabetes Care"},{"key":"2025103008494806400_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"191","DOI":"10.7334\/psicothema2016.212","article-title":"Alcohol and psychotropic substance use in female spanish victims of intimate partner violence","volume":"29","author":"Crespo","year":"2017","journal-title":"Psicothema"},{"key":"2025103008494806400_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"546","DOI":"10.1111\/ajad.12261","article-title":"Correlates of smoking status among women experiencing intimate partner violence: substance use, posttraumatic stress, and coping","volume":"24","author":"Sullivan","year":"2015","journal-title":"Am J Addict"},{"key":"2025103008494806400_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"163","DOI":"10.1177\/1524838002250769","article-title":"Leaving an abusive partner: an empirical review of predictors, the process of leaving, and psychological well-being","volume":"4","author":"Anderson","year":"2003","journal-title":"Trauma, Violence Abuse"},{"key":"2025103008494806400_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"9","DOI":"10.1016\/j.psyneuen.2018.08.017","article-title":"The psychobiology of stress and intimate partner violence","volume":"105","author":"Yim","year":"2019","journal-title":"Psychoneuroendocrinology"},{"key":"2025103008494806400_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"181","DOI":"10.1016\/B978-0-12-823937-7.00007-9","article-title":"Chapter 15\u2013Genetics and epigenetics of the one-carbon metabolism pathway in autism spectrum disorder: role of a sex-specific brain epigenome","volume-title":"Sex, Gender, and Epigenetics","author":"Gemmati","year":"2023"},{"key":"2025103008494806400_bib26","first-page":"1","article-title":"Chapter 1\u2013Basic epigenetics of human reproduction 2025","volume-title":"Current Progress in Obstetrics & Gynaecology (Vol 8)","author":"Gemmati","year":"2025"},{"key":"2025103008494806400_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"393","DOI":"10.1016\/B978-0-323-88534-8.00019-5","article-title":"Chapter 24\u2013Genomic and epigenomic signature at the branch-point among genome, phenome, and sexome in health and disease: a multiomics approach","volume-title":"Principles of Gender-Specific Medicine","author":"Gemmati","year":"2023","edition":"4th edn"},{"key":"2025103008494806400_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"013006","DOI":"10.1088\/2057-1739\/aa5cc0","article-title":"Epigenetic editing: towards realization of the curable genome concept","volume":"3","author":"Goubert","year":"2017","journal-title":"Convergent Science Physical Oncology"},{"key":"2025103008494806400_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"475","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-319-43624-1_17","article-title":"Rewriting DNA methylation signatures at will: the curable genome within reach?","volume":"945","author":"Stolzenburg","year":"2016","journal-title":"Adv Exp Med Biol"},{"key":"2025103008494806400_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1316","DOI":"10.3390\/cells13161316","article-title":"Circrnas as epigenetic regulators of integrity in blood-brain barrier architecture: mechanisms and therapeutic strategies in multiple sclerosis","volume":"13","author":"D\u2019Aversa","year":"2024","journal-title":"Cells"},{"key":"2025103008494806400_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"432","DOI":"10.3390\/genes15040432","article-title":"Gene dosage of F5 c.3481C&gt;T stop-codon (p.R1161Ter) switches the clinical phenotype from severe thrombosis to recurrent haemorrhage: novel hypotheses for readthrough strategy","volume":"15","author":"Gemmati","year":"2024","journal-title":"Genes"},{"key":"2025103008494806400_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"13268","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms241713268","article-title":"Mirnas epigenetic tuning of wall remodeling in the early phase after myocardial infarction: a novel epidrug approach","volume":"24","author":"Salvatori","year":"2023","journal-title":"Int J Mol Sci"},{"key":"2025103008494806400_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2441","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.2002.04.044","article-title":"Impact of azacytidine on the quality of life of patients with myelodysplastic syndrome treated in a randomized phase III trial: a cancer and leukemia group B study","volume":"20","author":"Kornblith","year":"2002","journal-title":"J Clin Oncol"},{"key":"2025103008494806400_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1635","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2003-03-0687","article-title":"Phase 1 study of low-dose prolonged exposure schedules of the hypomethylating agent 5-aza-2\u2032-deoxycytidine (decitabine) in hematopoietic malignancies","volume":"103","author":"Issa","year":"2004","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"2025103008494806400_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2197","DOI":"10.1158\/0008-5472.CAN-11-3909","article-title":"Epigenetic resensitization to platinum in ovarian cancer","volume":"72","author":"Matei","year":"2012","journal-title":"Cancer Res"},{"key":"2025103008494806400_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"GEG. S12270","DOI":"10.4137\/GEG.S12270","article-title":"Use of epigenetic drugs in disease: an overview","volume":"6","author":"Heerboth","year":"2014","journal-title":"Genet. Epigenetics"},{"key":"2025103008494806400_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"37","DOI":"10.1007\/s10555-025-10253-7","article-title":"Epigenetic drugs in cancer therapy","volume":"44","author":"Suraweera","year":"2025","journal-title":"Cancer Metastasis Rev"},{"key":"2025103008494806400_bib38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"132","DOI":"10.11138\/orl\/2016.9.3.132","article-title":"Quantitive evaluation of dentin sialoprotein (DSP) using microbeads\u2014a potential early marker of root resorption","volume":"9","author":"Lombardo","year":"2016","journal-title":"Oral Implantol"},{"key":"2025103008494806400_bib39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1039","DOI":"10.1097\/FPC.0b013e3282f12a4e","article-title":"Predictive role of coagulation-balance gene polymorphisms in the efficacy of photodynamic therapy with verteporfin for classic choroidal neovascularization secondary to age-related macular degeneration","volume":"17","author":"Parmeggiani","year":"2007","journal-title":"Pharmacogenet Genom"},{"key":"2025103008494806400_bib40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2941","DOI":"10.1093\/humrep\/des289","article-title":"Soluble trail is elevated in recurrent miscarriage and inhibits the in vitro adhesion and migration of htr8 trophoblastic cells","volume":"27","author":"Agostinis","year":"2012","journal-title":"Hum Reprod"},{"key":"2025103008494806400_bib41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1464","DOI":"10.3390\/cells12111464","article-title":"Epidrugs in the therapy of central nervous system disorders: a way to drive on?","volume":"12","author":"Gladkova","year":"2023","journal-title":"Cells"},{"key":"2025103008494806400_bib42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"79","DOI":"10.1080\/01677063.2024.2419098","article-title":"Clinical potential of epigenetic and microrna biomarkers in ptsd","volume":"38","author":"Wellington","year":"2024","journal-title":"J Neurogenet"},{"key":"2025103008494806400_bib43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"104426","DOI":"10.1016\/j.msard.2022.104426","article-title":"The circular rna landscape in multiple sclerosis: disease-specific associated variants and exon methylation shape circular rna expression profile","volume":"69","author":"Cardamone","year":"2023","journal-title":"Mult Scler Relat Disord"},{"key":"2025103008494806400_bib44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"28","DOI":"10.1159\/000291884","article-title":"Serum lipoperoxide level variations in normal and luteal phase defect cycles","volume":"42","author":"Scarpellini","year":"1996","journal-title":"Gynecol Obstet Invest"},{"key":"2025103008494806400_bib45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"103983","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jri.2023.103983","article-title":"Modification of peripheric Treg and CD56(bright) NK levels in RIF women after egg donation, treated with GM-CSF or placebo","volume":"158","author":"Scarpellini","year":"2023","journal-title":"J Reprod Immunol"},{"key":"2025103008494806400_bib46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1631","DOI":"10.1007\/s10815-023-02821-z","article-title":"Association between endometrial senescent cells and immune cells in women with repeated implantation failure","volume":"40","author":"Parvanov","year":"2023","journal-title":"J Assist Reprod Genet"},{"key":"2025103008494806400_bib47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5945","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-025-89818-z","article-title":"Epigenetic signatures of intergenerational exposure to violence in three generations of syrian refugees","volume":"15","author":"Mulligan","year":"2025","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"key":"2025103008494806400_bib48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"182","DOI":"10.1186\/s13148-020-00976-5","article-title":"Mitochondrial metabolism and DNA methylation: a review of the interaction between two genomes","volume":"12","author":"Lopes","year":"2020","journal-title":"Clin Epigenetics"},{"key":"2025103008494806400_bib49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"744","DOI":"10.1176\/appi.ajp.2019.19060618","article-title":"Intergenerational effects of maternal holocaust exposure on FKBP5 methylation","volume":"177","author":"Bierer","year":"2020","journal-title":"Am J Psychiatry"},{"key":"2025103008494806400_bib50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"103","DOI":"10.1038\/s41582-021-00576-8","article-title":"Cognitive impairment and world trade centre-related exposures","volume":"18","author":"Clouston","year":"2022","journal-title":"Nat Rev Neurol"},{"key":"2025103008494806400_bib51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"105785","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neubiorev.2024.105785","article-title":"Transgenerational impacts of early life adversity: from health determinants, implications to epigenetic consequences","volume":"164","author":"Holuka","year":"2024","journal-title":"Neurosci Biobehav Rev"},{"key":"2025103008494806400_bib52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"615","DOI":"10.1042\/BCJ20230306","article-title":"Epigenetic mechanisms linking early-life adversities and mental health","volume":"481","author":"Canepa","year":"2024","journal-title":"Biochem J"},{"key":"2025103008494806400_bib53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"115","DOI":"10.12688\/wellcomeopenres.16732.2","article-title":"Alspac parents\u2019 descriptions of childhood stresses in their parents and grandparents","volume":"6","author":"Birmingham","year":"2021","journal-title":"Wellcome Open Res"},{"key":"2025103008494806400_bib54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"23261","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1820838116","article-title":"Biological embedding of experience: a primer on epigenetics","volume":"117","author":"Aristizabal","year":"2020","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci USA"},{"key":"2025103008494806400_bib55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"139","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neubiorev.2019.04.010","article-title":"Stress, epigenetics and depression: a systematic review","volume":"102","author":"Park","year":"2019","journal-title":"Neurosci Biobehav Rev"},{"key":"2025103008494806400_bib56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1654","DOI":"10.3390\/jpm13121654","article-title":"Semen cryopreservation to expand male fertility in cancer patients: intracase evaluation of semen quality","volume":"13","author":"Peluso","year":"2023","journal-title":"J Pers Med"},{"key":"2025103008494806400_bib57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"23261","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1820838116","article-title":"Biological embedding of experience: a primer on epigenetics","volume":"117","author":"Aristizabal","year":"2020","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci USA"},{"key":"2025103008494806400_bib58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1045","DOI":"10.1038\/nbt1010-1045","article-title":"The NIH roadmap epigenomics mapping consortium","volume":"28","author":"Bernstein","year":"2010","journal-title":"Nat Biotechnol"},{"key":"2025103008494806400_bib59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"489","DOI":"10.1038\/s41586-019-1411-0","article-title":"Advances in epigenetics link genetics to the environment and disease","volume":"571","author":"Cavalli","year":"2019","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"2025103008494806400_bib60","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"526","DOI":"10.1002\/ajh.21451","article-title":"DHFR 19-bp insertion\/deletion polymorphism and MTHFR C677T in adult acute lymphoblastic leukaemia: is the risk reduction due to intracellular folate unbalancing?","volume":"84","author":"Gemmati","year":"2009","journal-title":"Am J Hematol"},{"key":"2025103008494806400_bib61","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"dvae012","DOI":"10.1093\/eep\/dvae012","article-title":"Epigenetics of violence against women: a systematic review of the literature","volume":"10","author":"Bailo","year":"2024","journal-title":"Environ Epigenet"},{"key":"2025103008494806400_bib62","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"17455057241290335","DOI":"10.1177\/17455057241290335","article-title":"Epigenetic changes produced in women victims of intimate partner violence: a systematic review","volume":"20","author":"Gonzalez-Martinez","year":"2024","journal-title":"Womens Health"},{"key":"2025103008494806400_bib63","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"173","DOI":"10.3390\/healthcare11020173","article-title":"Violence against women and stress-related disorders: seeking for associated epigenetic signatures, a pilot study","volume":"11","author":"Piccinini","year":"2023","journal-title":"Healthcare"},{"key":"2025103008494806400_bib64","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"473","DOI":"10.1089\/whr.2024.0010","article-title":"Going beyond childhood and gender-based violence: epigenetic modifications and inheritance","volume":"5","author":"Li\u00a0Piani","year":"2024","journal-title":"Womens Health Rep"},{"key":"2025103008494806400_bib65","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"43","DOI":"10.1186\/s13073-025-01473-1","article-title":"A multi-omic approach implicates novel protein dysregulation in post-traumatic stress disorder","volume":"17","author":"Wang","year":"2025","journal-title":"Genome Med"},{"key":"2025103008494806400_bib66","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e185102","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI185102","article-title":"Implications of gene x environment interactions in post-traumatic stress disorder risk and treatment","volume":"135","author":"Seah","year":"2025","journal-title":"J Clin Invest"},{"key":"2025103008494806400_bib67","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"329","DOI":"10.1002\/ab.20237","article-title":"Childhood antecedents of serious violence in adult male offenders","volume":"34","author":"Hill","year":"2008","journal-title":"Aggress Behav"},{"key":"2025103008494806400_bib68","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1165","DOI":"10.4088\/JCP.15m10358","article-title":"The epidemiology of antisocial behavioral syndromes in adulthood: results from the national epidemiologic survey on alcohol and related conditions-III","volume":"78","author":"Goldstein","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Clin Psychiatry"},{"key":"2025103008494806400_bib69","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1513","DOI":"10.1017\/S1461145713000102","article-title":"Genetic and epigenetic associations of MAOA and NR3C1 with depression and childhood adversities","volume":"16","author":"Melas","year":"2013","journal-title":"Int J Neuropsychopharmacolog"},{"key":"2025103008494806400_bib70","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"151","DOI":"10.1258\/jrsm.2011.110222","article-title":"The link between child abuse and psychopathology: a review of neurobiological and genetic research","volume":"105","author":"McCrory","year":"2012","journal-title":"J R Soc Med"},{"key":"2025103008494806400_bib71","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"389","DOI":"10.1016\/j.psychres.2015.01.003","article-title":"Hypomethylation of MAOA\u2019s first exon region in depression: a replication study","volume":"226","author":"Melas","year":"2015","journal-title":"Psychiatry Res"},{"key":"2025103008494806400_bib72","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1053","DOI":"10.1007\/s00702-018-1875-3","article-title":"Associations of monoamine oxidase a gene first exon methylation with sexual abuse and current depression in women","volume":"125","author":"Checknita","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Neural Transm"},{"key":"2025103008494806400_bib73","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1721","DOI":"10.1007\/s00702-021-02403-2","article-title":"Associations of age, sex, sexual abuse, and genotype with monoamine oxidase a gene methylation","volume":"128","author":"Checknita","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Neural Transm"},{"key":"2025103008494806400_bib74","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"407","DOI":"10.1001\/jamapsychiatry.2016.3325","article-title":"An integrated neuroscience perspective on formulation and treatment planning for posttraumatic stress disorder: an educational review","volume":"74","author":"Ross","year":"2017","journal-title":"JAMA Psychiatry"},{"key":"2025103008494806400_bib75","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"13","DOI":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2009.03.044","article-title":"Noradrenergic and serotonergic mechanisms in the neurobiology of posttraumatic stress disorder and resilience","volume":"1293","author":"Krystal","year":"2009","journal-title":"Brain Res"},{"key":"2025103008494806400_bib76","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"594","DOI":"10.1038\/s41398-021-01608-z","article-title":"Genome-wide differentially methylated genes associated with posttraumatic stress disorder and longitudinal change in methylation in rape survivors","volume":"11","author":"N\u00f6thling","year":"2021","journal-title":"Transl Psychiatry"},{"key":"2025103008494806400_bib77","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"445","DOI":"10.1016\/B978-0-12-411512-5.00021-X","article-title":"Pituitary adenylate cyclase-activating polypeptide (PACAP): a master regulator in central and peripheral stress responses","volume":"68","author":"Mustafa","year":"2013","journal-title":"Adv Pharmacol"},{"key":"2025103008494806400_bib78","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"492","DOI":"10.1038\/nature09856","article-title":"Post-traumatic stress disorder is associated with PACAP and the PAC1 receptor","volume":"470","author":"Ressler","year":"2011","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"2025103008494806400_bib79","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"214","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroscience.2012.08.034","article-title":"Dynamic plasticity: the role of glucocorticoids, brain-derived neurotrophic factor and other trophic factors","volume":"239","author":"Gray","year":"2013","journal-title":"Neuroscience"},{"key":"2025103008494806400_bib80","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"170","DOI":"10.1111\/acps.12675","article-title":"Epigenetic alterations of the BDNF gene in combat-related post-traumatic stress disorder","volume":"135","author":"Kim","year":"2017","journal-title":"Acta Psychiatr Scand"},{"key":"2025103008494806400_bib81","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"121","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpsychires.2013.10.003","article-title":"Methylation of the dopamine D2 receptor (DRD2) gene promoter in women with a bulimia-spectrum disorder: associations with borderline personality disorder and exposure to childhood abuse","volume":"48","author":"Groleau","year":"2014","journal-title":"J Psychiatr Res"},{"key":"2025103008494806400_bib82","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"313","DOI":"10.4161\/epi.5.4.11637","article-title":"Epigenetic modulation of the IGF2\/H19 imprinted domain in human embryonic and extra-embryonic compartments and its possible role in fetal growth restriction","volume":"5","author":"Tabano","year":"2010","journal-title":"Epigenetics"},{"key":"2025103008494806400_bib83","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"56","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyt.2013.00056","article-title":"PTSD and DNA methylation in select immune function gene promoter regions: a repeated measures case-control study of us military service members","volume":"4","author":"Rusiecki","year":"2013","journal-title":"Front Psychiatry"},{"key":"2025103008494806400_bib84","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"831","DOI":"10.2174\/1570159\u00d715666161111113514","article-title":"Pharmacogenetics and pharmacotherapy of military personnel suffering from post-traumatic stress disorder","volume":"15","author":"Nass","year":"2017","journal-title":"Curr Neuropharmacol"},{"key":"2025103008494806400_bib85","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2293412","DOI":"10.1080\/15592294.2023.2293412","article-title":"Maternal adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) and offspring imprinted gene DMR methylation at birth","volume":"19","author":"Vidal","year":"2024","journal-title":"Epigenetics"},{"key":"2025103008494806400_bib86","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"69","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-7643-8989-5_4","article-title":"Errors in erasure: links between histone lysine methylation removal and disease","volume":"67","author":"Duncan","year":"2011","journal-title":"Prog Drug Res"},{"key":"2025103008494806400_bib87","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"100049","DOI":"10.1016\/j.gpeds.2023.100049","article-title":"The key 1000 life-changing days","volume":"4","author":"Indrio","year":"2023","journal-title":"Global Pediatrics"},{"key":"2025103008494806400_bib88","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"558","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tics.2015.07.008","article-title":"Adolescence as a sensitive period of brain development","volume":"19","author":"Fuhrmann","year":"2015","journal-title":"Trends Cogn Sci"},{"key":"2025103008494806400_bib89","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"877","DOI":"10.1038\/nrn1787","article-title":"Critical period plasticity in local cortical circuits","volume":"6","author":"Hensch","year":"2005","journal-title":"Nat Rev Neurosci"},{"key":"2025103008494806400_bib90","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"dvy018","DOI":"10.1093\/eep\/dvy018","article-title":"The public reception of putative epigenetic mechanisms in the transgenerational effects of trauma","volume":"4","author":"Yehuda","year":"2018","journal-title":"Environ Epigenet"},{"key":"2025103008494806400_bib91","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"dvac024","DOI":"10.1093\/eep\/dvac024","article-title":"Paternal transmission of behavioural and metabolic traits induced by postnatal stress to the 5th generation in mice","volume":"8","author":"Boscardin","year":"2022","journal-title":"Environ Epigenet"},{"key":"2025103008494806400_bib92","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"dvy023","DOI":"10.1093\/eep\/dvy023","article-title":"Transgenerational inheritance of behavioral and metabolic effects of paternal exposure to traumatic stress in early postnatal life: evidence in the 4th generation","volume":"4","author":"van\u00a0Steenwyk","year":"2018","journal-title":"Environ Epigenet"},{"key":"2025103008494806400_bib93","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5466","DOI":"10.1038\/ncomms6466","article-title":"Early life stress in fathers improves behavioural flexibility in their offspring","volume":"5","author":"Gapp","year":"2014","journal-title":"Nat Commun"},{"key":"2025103008494806400_bib94","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"782","DOI":"10.3390\/genes12050782","article-title":"Genetics and epigenetics of one-carbon metabolism pathway in autism spectrum disorder: a sex-specific brain epigenome?","volume":"12","author":"Tisato","year":"2021","journal-title":"Genes"},{"key":"2025103008494806400_bib95","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"54","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ando.2021.11.010","article-title":"Impact of intra-uterine life on future health","volume":"83","author":"Azoulay","year":"2022","journal-title":"Ann Endocrinol (Paris)"},{"key":"2025103008494806400_bib96","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"634","DOI":"10.3390\/genes10090634","article-title":"Maternal haplotypes in DHFR promoter and MTHFR gene in tuning childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia onset-latency: genetic\/epigenetic mother\/child dyad study (GEMCDS)","volume":"10","author":"Tisato","year":"2019","journal-title":"Genes"},{"key":"2025103008494806400_bib97","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3275","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-024-53737-2","article-title":"Epigenetic role of line-1 methylation and key genes in pregnancy maintenance","volume":"14","author":"Tisato","year":"2024","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"key":"2025103008494806400_bib98","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"709","DOI":"10.3390\/medicina60050709","article-title":"Epigenetic and coping mechanisms of stress in affective disorders: a scoping review","volume":"60","author":"Bernad","year":"2024","journal-title":"Medicina"},{"key":"2025103008494806400_bib99","first-page":"577","article-title":"Chapter 28\u2013transgenerational (heritable) epigenetics and psychiatric disorders","volume-title":"Epigenetics in Psychiatry","author":"Franklin"},{"key":"2025103008494806400_bib100","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"296","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms21010296","article-title":"\u2018Bridging the gap\u2019 everything that could have been avoided if we had applied gender medicine, pharmacogenetics and personalized medicine in the gender-omics and sex-omics era","volume":"21","author":"Gemmati","year":"2019","journal-title":"Int J Mol Sci"},{"key":"2025103008494806400_bib101","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"19","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2007.09.006","article-title":"Response variation following trauma: a translational neuroscience approach to understanding ptsd","volume":"56","author":"Yehuda","year":"2007","journal-title":"Neuron"},{"key":"2025103008494806400_bib102","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"263","DOI":"10.31887\/DCNS.2011.13.2\/jsherin","article-title":"Post-traumatic stress disorder: the neurobiological impact of psychological trauma","volume":"13","author":"Sherin","year":"2011","journal-title":"Dialogues Clin Neurosci"},{"key":"2025103008494806400_bib103","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1176\/appi.books.9780890425596","volume-title":"Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders: DSM-5","author":"American Psychiatric Association D","year":"2013"},{"key":"2025103008494806400_bib104","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5238","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms24065238","article-title":"To predict, prevent, and manage post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD): a review of pathophysiology, treatment, and biomarkers","volume":"24","author":"Al\u00a0Jowf","year":"2023","journal-title":"Int J Mol Sci"},{"key":"2025103008494806400_bib105","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"601939","DOI":"10.3389\/fnbeh.2020.601939","article-title":"The hypothalamic\u2013pituitary\u2013adrenal axis: development, programming actions of hormones, and maternal-fetal interactions","volume":"14","author":"Sheng","year":"2020","journal-title":"Front Behav Neurosci"},{"key":"2025103008494806400_bib106","first-page":"11","article-title":"Sympathoadrenal medullary system and stress","volume-title":"Mechanisms of Physical and Emotional Stress","author":"Kopin"},{"key":"2025103008494806400_bib107","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"333","DOI":"10.1016\/0277-9536(88)90398-X","article-title":"Chronic stress and sympathetic-adrenal medullary responsiveness","volume":"26","author":"McCarty","year":"1988","journal-title":"Soc Sci Med"},{"key":"2025103008494806400_bib108","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1613","DOI":"10.1007\/s11011-024-01393-w","article-title":"Stress, hypothalamic\u2013pituitary\u2013adrenal axis, hypothalamic\u2013pituitary\u2013gonadal axis, and aggression","volume":"39","author":"Mbiydzenyuy","year":"2024","journal-title":"Metab Brain Dis"},{"key":"2025103008494806400_bib109","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"603","DOI":"10.1002\/cphy.c150015","article-title":"Regulation of the hypothalamic\u2013pituitary\u2013adrenocortical stress response","volume":"6","author":"Herman","year":"2016","journal-title":"Compr Physiol"},{"key":"2025103008494806400_bib110","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"612","DOI":"10.1111\/pcn.13718","article-title":"Serum cortisol and neuroticism for post-traumatic stress disorder over 2 years in patients with physical injuries","volume":"78","author":"Kim","year":"2024","journal-title":"Psychiatry Clin Neurosci"},{"key":"2025103008494806400_bib111","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"105954","DOI":"10.1016\/j.psyneuen.2022.105954","article-title":"Potential peripheral biomarkers associated with the emergence and presence of posttraumatic stress disorder symptomatology: a systematic review","volume":"147","author":"Sbisa","year":"2023","journal-title":"Psychoneuroendocrinology"},{"key":"2025103008494806400_bib112","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"100849","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbih.2024.100849","article-title":"Post traumatic stress disorder associated hypothalamic\u2013pituitary\u2013adrenal axis dysregulation and physical illness","volume":"41","author":"Lawrence","year":"2024","journal-title":"Brain Behav Immun Health"},{"key":"2025103008494806400_bib113","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"502","DOI":"10.1038\/s41380-021-01224-9","article-title":"The neuroendocrinology of stress: the stress-related continuum of chronic disease development","volume":"27","author":"Agorastos","year":"2022","journal-title":"Mol Psychiatry"},{"key":"2025103008494806400_bib114","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"124","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neubiorev.2016.07.015","article-title":"An integrative model linking traumatization, cortisol dysregulation and posttraumatic stress disorder: insight from recent hair cortisol findings","volume":"69","author":"Steudte-Schmiedgen","year":"2016","journal-title":"Neurosci Biobehav Rev"},{"key":"2025103008494806400_bib115","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"261","DOI":"10.1016\/j.psyneuen.2016.12.017","article-title":"Stress-related and basic determinants of hair cortisol in humans: a meta-analysis","volume":"77","author":"Stalder","year":"2017","journal-title":"Psychoneuroendocrinology"},{"key":"2025103008494806400_bib116","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"78","DOI":"10.1111\/pcn.13769","article-title":"It is still an open question whether cortisol levels, neuroticism, and traumatic events are associated with posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD)","volume":"79","author":"Nobre","year":"2024","journal-title":"Psychiatry Clin Neurosci"},{"key":"2025103008494806400_bib117","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"92","DOI":"10.1016\/j.psyneuen.2014.10.022","article-title":"The brain mineralocorticoid receptor and stress resilience","volume":"52","author":"ter\u00a0Heegde","year":"2015","journal-title":"Psychoneuroendocrinology"},{"key":"2025103008494806400_bib118","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"649","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tins.2012.08.004","article-title":"Balance of brain oxytocin and vasopressin: implications for anxiety, depression, and social behaviors","volume":"35","author":"Neumann","year":"2012","journal-title":"Trends Neurosci"},{"key":"2025103008494806400_bib119","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"181","DOI":"10.1016\/j.expneurol.2016.05.014","article-title":"Noradrenergic dysregulation in the pathophysiology of PTSD","volume":"284","author":"Hendrickson","year":"2016","journal-title":"Exp Neurol"},{"key":"2025103008494806400_bib120","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"135","DOI":"10.1002\/da.20064","article-title":"Influence of the serotonin transporter promoter gene polymorphism on susceptibility to posttraumatic stress disorder","volume":"21","author":"Lee","year":"2005","journal-title":"Depress Anxiety"},{"key":"2025103008494806400_bib121","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"149","DOI":"10.1007\/s40265-023-01983-5","article-title":"A neuroanatomic and pathophysiologic framework for novel pharmacological approaches to the treatment of post-traumatic stress disorder","volume":"84","author":"Norred","year":"2024","journal-title":"Drugs"},{"key":"2025103008494806400_bib122","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1353383","DOI":"10.1080\/20008198.2017.1353383","article-title":"Trauma and PTSD in the WHO world mental health surveys","volume":"8","author":"Kessler","year":"2017","journal-title":"Eur J Psychotraumatol"},{"key":"2025103008494806400_bib123","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"605","DOI":"10.1038\/s44220-024-00236-y","article-title":"Disentangling sex differences in PTSD risk factors","volume":"2","author":"Haering","year":"2024","journal-title":"Nat Ment Health"},{"key":"2025103008494806400_bib124","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"746","DOI":"10.1002\/jts.23081","article-title":"Conceptualizing disparities and differences in the psychobiology of traumatic stress","volume":"37","author":"Correa","year":"2024","journal-title":"J Trauma Stress"},{"key":"2025103008494806400_bib125","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"360","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbi.2023.09.005","article-title":"The emerging role of the gut microbiome in posttraumatic stress disorder","volume":"114","author":"Ke","year":"2023","journal-title":"Brain Behav Immun"},{"key":"2025103008494806400_bib126","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1527","DOI":"10.1038\/s41590-022-01321-z","article-title":"The neuroimmunology of social-stress-induced sensitization","volume":"23","author":"Biltz","year":"2022","journal-title":"Nat Immunol"},{"key":"2025103008494806400_bib127","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"209","DOI":"10.1017\/S0033291716002294","article-title":"Post-traumatic stress disorder and cardiometabolic disease: improving causal inference to inform practice","volume":"47","author":"Koenen","year":"2017","journal-title":"Psychol Med"},{"key":"2025103008494806400_bib128","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1159\/000354910","article-title":"Posttraumatic stress disorder and cardiometabolic disease","volume":"127","author":"Levine","year":"2014","journal-title":"Cardiology"},{"key":"2025103008494806400_bib129","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"251","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.114.014492","article-title":"Trauma exposure and posttraumatic stress disorder symptoms predict onset of cardiovascular events in women","volume":"132","author":"Sumner","year":"2015","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"2025103008494806400_bib130","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"814","DOI":"10.1176\/appi.ajp.21111113","article-title":"Leveraging large-scale genetics of PTSD and cardiovascular disease to demonstrate robust shared risk and improve risk prediction accuracy","volume":"179","author":"Seligowski","year":"2022","journal-title":"Am J Psychiatry"},{"key":"2025103008494806400_bib131","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e2217698","DOI":"10.1001\/jamanetworkopen.2022.17698","article-title":"Association of posttraumatic stress disorder with accelerated cognitive decline in middle-aged women","volume":"5","author":"Roberts","year":"2022","journal-title":"JAMA Netw Open"},{"key":"2025103008494806400_bib132","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e2027935","DOI":"10.1001\/jamanetworkopen.2020.27935","article-title":"Association of posttraumatic stress and depressive symptoms with mortality in women","volume":"3","author":"Roberts","year":"2020","journal-title":"JAMA Netw Open"},{"key":"2025103008494806400_bib133","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e2341388","DOI":"10.1001\/jamanetworkopen.2023.41388","article-title":"Posttraumatic stress disorder symptoms and cardiovascular and brain health in women","volume":"6","author":"Thurston","year":"2023","journal-title":"JAMA Netw Open"},{"key":"2025103008494806400_bib134","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e0193867","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0193867","article-title":"Gene-gene interactions among coding genes of iron-homeostasis proteins and apoe-alleles in cognitive impairment diseases","volume":"13","author":"Tisato","year":"2018","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"2025103008494806400_bib135","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1477","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms21041477","article-title":"Sex\/gender-specific imbalance in CVD: could physical activity help to improve clinical outcome targeting CVD molecular mechanisms in women?","volume":"21","author":"Vaccarezza","year":"2020","journal-title":"Int J Mol Sci"},{"key":"2025103008494806400_bib136","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1833644","DOI":"10.1080\/20008198.2020.1833644","article-title":"Traumatic stress and the circadian system: neurobiology, timing and treatment of posttraumatic chronodisruption","volume":"11","author":"Agorastos","year":"2020","journal-title":"Eur J Psychotraumatol"},{"key":"2025103008494806400_bib137","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1003","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyt.2019.01003","article-title":"Multilevel interactions of stress and circadian system: implications for traumatic stress","volume":"10","author":"Agorastos","year":"2019","journal-title":"Front Psychiatry"},{"key":"2025103008494806400_bib138","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"403","DOI":"10.1016\/B978-0-12-802175-0.00040-1","article-title":"Circadian rhythm effects on cardiovascular and other stress-related events","volume-title":"Stress: Neuroendocrinology and Neurobiology","author":"Manfredini","year":"2017"},{"key":"2025103008494806400_bib139","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"417","DOI":"10.31887\/DCNS.2019.21.4\/kressler","article-title":"A review of epigenetic contributions to post-traumatic stress disorder","volume":"21","author":"Howie","year":"2019","journal-title":"Dialogues Clin Neurosci"},{"key":"2025103008494806400_bib140","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"113","DOI":"10.1177\/0025802420936081","article-title":"Violence against women in heterosexual couples: a review of psychological and medico-legal considerations","volume":"61","author":"Tullio","year":"2021","journal-title":"Med Sci Law"},{"key":"2025103008494806400_bib141","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"112084","DOI":"10.1016\/j.forsciint.2024.112084","article-title":"Intimate partner femicide (IPF): medico-legal investigation at the institutes of legal medicine of Freiburg (Germany) and Padova (Italy)","volume":"361","author":"Franchetti","year":"2024","journal-title":"Forensic Sci Int"},{"key":"2025103008494806400_bib142","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"419","DOI":"10.1007\/s12024-021-00370-4","article-title":"Geographic variability in homicide rates following the COVID-19 pandemic","volume":"17","author":"Byard","year":"2021","journal-title":"Forensic Sci Med Pathol"},{"key":"2025103008494806400_bib143","volume-title":"Understanding and Addressing Violence against Women: Femicide","author":"World Health Organization"},{"key":"2025103008494806400_bib144","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"102101","DOI":"10.1016\/j.legalmed.2022.102101","article-title":"A medico-legal definition of femicide","volume":"59","author":"Cecchi","year":"2022","journal-title":"Leg Med"},{"key":"2025103008494806400_bib145","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"112084","DOI":"10.1016\/j.forsciint.2024.112084","article-title":"Intimate partner femicide (IPF): medico-legal investigation at the institutes of legal medicine of Freiburg (Germany) and Padova (Italy)","volume":"361","author":"Franchetti","year":"2024","journal-title":"Forensic Sci Int"},{"key":"2025103008494806400_bib146","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"102170","DOI":"10.1016\/j.legalmed.2022.102170","article-title":"Femicide and forensic pathology: proposal for a shared medico-legal methodology","volume":"60","author":"Cecchi","year":"2023","journal-title":"Leg Med"},{"key":"2025103008494806400_bib147","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"214","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scijus.2022.02.007","article-title":"Twenty years of femicide in Milan: a retrospective medicolegal analysis","volume":"62","author":"Biehler-Gomez","year":"2022","journal-title":"Sci Justice"},{"key":"2025103008494806400_bib148","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"102334","DOI":"10.1016\/j.legalmed.2023.102334","article-title":"Unveiling the dark nexus: a systematic review on the interplay of mental health, substance abuse, and socio-cultural factors in femicide","volume":"67","author":"Caroppo","year":"2024","journal-title":"Leg Med"},{"key":"2025103008494806400_bib149","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"81","DOI":"10.1007\/s00103-015-2269-4","article-title":"Dealing with victims of domestic violence. Suggestions for daily practice","volume":"59","author":"Grass","year":"2016","journal-title":"Bundesgesundheitsblatt Gesundheitsforschung Gesundheitsschutz"},{"key":"2025103008494806400_bib150","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"111210","DOI":"10.1016\/j.forsciint.2022.111210","article-title":"A 70-year study of femicides at the forensic medicine department, University of Bologna (Italy)","volume":"333","author":"Giorgetti","year":"2022","journal-title":"Forensic Sci Int"},{"key":"2025103008494806400_bib151","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"227","DOI":"10.1186\/s12939-023-02038-7","article-title":"Negative consequences of conflict-related sexual violence on survivors: a systematic review of qualitative evidence","volume":"22","author":"Rubini","year":"2023","journal-title":"Int J Equity Health"},{"key":"2025103008494806400_bib152","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.3310\/CTGF3870","article-title":"Health and wellbeing of survivors of sexual violence and abuse attending sexual assault referral centres in England: the mesarch mixed-methods evaluation","volume":"12","author":"O\u2019Doherty","year":"2024","journal-title":"Health Soc Care Deliv Res"},{"key":"2025103008494806400_bib153","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"91","DOI":"10.1016\/j.gene.2017.12.033","article-title":"The role of DNA methylation in coronary artery disease","volume":"646","author":"Duan","year":"2018","journal-title":"Gene"},{"key":"2025103008494806400_bib154","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"76","DOI":"10.1016\/j.brainresbull.2013.07.003","article-title":"Epigenetics of stress adaptations in the brain","volume":"98","author":"Stankiewicz","year":"2013","journal-title":"Brain Res Bull"},{"key":"2025103008494806400_bib155","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"174","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijcard.2016.03.062","article-title":"The role of epigenetic modifications in cardiovascular disease: a systematic review","volume":"212","author":"Muka","year":"2016","journal-title":"Int J Cardiol"},{"key":"2025103008494806400_bib156","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"112","DOI":"10.1186\/s40246-023-00562-9","article-title":"Line-1 global DNA methylation, iron homeostasis genes, sex and age in sudden sensorineural hearing loss (ssnhl)","volume":"17","author":"Tisato","year":"2023","journal-title":"Hum Genomics"},{"key":"2025103008494806400_bib157","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"431","DOI":"10.1177\/153857440403800506","article-title":"Factor XIII contrasts the effects of metalloproteinases in human dermal fibroblast cultured cells","volume":"38","author":"Zamboni","year":"2004","journal-title":"Vasc Endovascular Surg"},{"key":"2025103008494806400_bib158","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"261","DOI":"10.23736\/S2724-606X.22.05071-0","article-title":"Sexual violence in adult women and adolescents: a narrative review","volume":"74","author":"Barbara","year":"2022","journal-title":"Minerva Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"2025103008494806400_bib159","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e014580","DOI":"10.1161\/JAHA.119.014580","article-title":"Risk of cardiometabolic disease and all-cause mortality in female survivors of domestic abuse","volume":"9","author":"Chandan","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Am Heart Assoc"},{"key":"2025103008494806400_bib160","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1157","DOI":"10.1177\/1524838020985541","article-title":"The effect of intimate partner violence on the physical health and health-related behaviors of women: a systematic review of the literature","volume":"23","author":"Stubbs","year":"2022","journal-title":"Trauma Violence Abuse"},{"key":"2025103008494806400_bib161","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"168","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ypmed.2018.07.008","article-title":"Violence against women increases cancer diagnoses: results from a meta-analytic review","volume":"114","author":"Gonzalez","year":"2018","journal-title":"Prev Med"},{"key":"2025103008494806400_bib162"},{"key":"2025103008494806400_bib163","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"170","DOI":"10.1111\/acps.12675","article-title":"Epigenetic alterations of the BDNF gene in combat-related post-traumatic stress disorder","volume":"135","author":"Kim","year":"2017","journal-title":"Acta Psychiatr Scand"},{"key":"2025103008494806400_bib164","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"355","DOI":"10.1080\/10538712.2024.2341183","article-title":"Determinants of referral outcomes for victim\u2013survivors accessing specialist sexual violence and abuse support services","volume":"33","author":"Bunce","year":"2024","journal-title":"J Child Sex Abus"},{"key":"2025103008494806400_bib165","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"494","DOI":"10.1177\/15248380231155529","article-title":"Global prevalence and mental health outcomes of intimate partner violence among women: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"25","author":"White","year":"2024","journal-title":"Trauma, Violence, Abuse"},{"key":"2025103008494806400_bib166","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"716","DOI":"10.1089\/jwh.2016.6276","article-title":"Sexual violence as a key contributor to poor mental health among Japanese women subjected to intimate partner violence","volume":"27","author":"Honda","year":"2018","journal-title":"Journal of Women\u2019s Health"},{"key":"2025103008494806400_bib167","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"130","DOI":"10.1186\/s13148-025-01937-6","article-title":"Line-1 methylation sustains telomere length in pregnant women: effects on pregnancy failure","volume":"17","author":"Gemmati","year":"2025","journal-title":"Clin Epigenetics"},{"key":"2025103008494806400_bib168","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"545","DOI":"10.1186\/s12877-025-06194-z","article-title":"Effect of infections, DNA methylation and telomere length on frailty trajectories in hospitalized older patients: the infragen study protocol","volume":"25","author":"Guo","year":"2025","journal-title":"BMC Geriatr"},{"key":"2025103008494806400_bib169","first-page":"131","article-title":"Gene therapy\u2014hopes and fears","volume":"39","author":"Pietrzyk","year":"1998","journal-title":"Folia Med Cracov"},{"key":"2025103008494806400_bib170","first-page":"55","article-title":"Human gene therapy: scientific and ethical considerations","volume":"8","author":"Anderson","year":"1985","journal-title":"Recomb DNA Tech Bull"},{"key":"2025103008494806400_bib171","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1028081","DOI":"10.3389\/fgene.2022.1028081","article-title":"Host genetics impact on SARS-COV-2 vaccine-induced immunoglobulin levels and dynamics: the role of TP53, ABO, APOE, ACE2, HLA-A, and CRP genes","volume":"13","author":"Gemmati","year":"2022","journal-title":"Front Genet"},{"key":"2025103008494806400_bib172","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e2319179121","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.2319179121","article-title":"Accelerated biological aging six decades after prenatal famine exposure","volume":"121","author":"Cheng","year":"2024","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci USA"},{"key":"2025103008494806400_bib173","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"320","DOI":"10.1126\/science.aah6412","article-title":"Transgenerational transmission of environmental information in C. elegans","volume":"356","author":"Klosin","year":"2017","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"2025103008494806400_bib174","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1049","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2011.05.029","article-title":"Inheritance of stress-induced, ATF-2-dependent epigenetic change","volume":"145","author":"Seong","year":"2011","journal-title":"Cell"},{"key":"2025103008494806400_bib175","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"768","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-022-28469-4","article-title":"Histone H3K4me3 modification is a transgenerational epigenetic signal for lipid metabolism in caenorhabditis elegans","volume":"13","author":"Wan","year":"2022","journal-title":"Nat Commun"},{"key":"2025103008494806400_bib176","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"411","DOI":"10.1159\/000520412","article-title":"Epigenetic regulation during primordial germ cell development and differentiation","volume":"15","author":"Ramakrishna","year":"2021","journal-title":"Sex Dev"},{"key":"2025103008494806400_bib177","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"6","DOI":"10.1186\/s13072-020-00378-0","article-title":"Integration of sperm ncRNA-directed DNA methylation and DNA methylation-directed histone retention in epigenetic transgenerational inheritance","volume":"14","author":"Beck","year":"2021","journal-title":"Epigenetics Chromatin"},{"key":"2025103008494806400_bib178_986_014225","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/17501911.2025.2568369","article-title":"Epigenetic mechanisms in maternal-fetal crosstalk: inter- and trans-generational inheritance","author":"Tisato","year":"2025","journal-title":"Epigenomics"}],"container-title":["Environmental Epigenetics"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/eep\/advance-article-pdf\/doi\/10.1093\/eep\/dvaf025\/64236442\/dvaf025.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"am","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/eep\/article-pdf\/11\/1\/dvaf025\/64236442\/dvaf025.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/eep\/article-pdf\/11\/1\/dvaf025\/64236442\/dvaf025.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,30]],"date-time":"2025-10-30T12:49:58Z","timestamp":1761828598000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/eep\/article\/doi\/10.1093\/eep\/dvaf025\/8250624"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"references-count":178,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,22]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/eep\/dvaf025","relation":{},"ISSN":["2058-5888"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2058-5888","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published-other":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"published":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"article-number":"dvaf025"}}