{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,20]],"date-time":"2026-10-20T18:37:52Z","timestamp":1792521472964,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":83,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,9]],"date-time":"2022-03-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1646784000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/journals\/pages\/open_access\/funder_policies\/chorus\/standard_publication_model"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,7,21]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Children with congenital and acquired heart disease may be exposed to relatively high lifetime cumulative doses of ionizing radiation from necessary medical invasive and non-invasive imaging procedures. Although these imaging procedures are all essential to the care of these complex paediatric population and have contributed to meaningfully improved outcomes in these patients, exposure to ionizing radiation is associated with potential risks, including an increased lifetime attributable risk of cancer. The goal of this manuscript is to provide a comprehensive review of radiation dose management and cardiac computed tomography performance in the paediatric population with congenital and acquired heart disease, to encourage informed imaging to achieve indication-appropriate study quality at the lowest achievable dose.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1093\/ehjci\/jeac048","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,2]],"date-time":"2022-03-02T15:11:03Z","timestamp":1646233863000},"page":"e279-e289","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":28,"title":["Radiation safety for cardiovascular computed tomography imaging in paediatric cardiology: a joint expert consensus document of the EACVI, ESCR, AEPC, and ESPR"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"23","author":[{"suffix":"(Chair)","given":"Marco","family":"Francone","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University , Via Rita Levi Montalcini 4, 20072 Pieve Emanuele, Milan ,","place":["Italy"]},{"name":"IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital , via Manzoni 56, 20089 Rozzano, Milan ,","place":["Italy"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3378-1723","authenticated-orcid":false,"suffix":"(Co-Chair)","given":"Alessia","family":"Gimelli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Imaging Department, Fondazione Toscana Gabriele Monasterio , via Moruzzi 1, 56124 Pisa ,","place":["Italy"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ricardo P J","family":"Budde","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Erasmus Medical Center , Rotterdam ,","place":["The Netherlands"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pablo","family":"Caro-Dominguez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pediatric Radiology Unit, Department of Radiology Hospital, Universitario Virgen del Roc\u00edo , Sevilla ,","place":["Spain"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Andrew J","family":"Einstein","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Seymour, Paul and Gloria Milstein Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Columbia University Irving Medical Center and NewYork-Presbyterian Hospital , New York, NY ,","place":["USA"]},{"name":"Seymour, Paul and Gloria Milstein, Department of Radiology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center and NewYork-Presbyterian Hospital , New York, NY ,","place":["USA"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Matthias","family":"Gutberlet","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Heart Center Leipzig , Leipzig ,","place":["Germany"]},{"name":"Medical Faculty, University of Leipzig , Leipzig ,","place":["Germany"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pal","family":"Maurovich-Horvat","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Medical Imaging Centre, Semmelweis University , Budapest ,","place":["Hungary"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Owen","family":"Miller","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Evelina London Children\u2019s Hospital , London ,","place":["UK"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Eszter","family":"Nagy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Paediatric Radiology, Department of Radiology, Medical University Graz , Graz ,","place":["Austria"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Luigi","family":"Natale","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Radiological, Radiotherapic and Haematological Sciences, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Gemelli\u2014IRCCS, Universit\u00e0 Cattolica S. Cuore Rome , Rome ,","place":["Italy"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Charles","family":"Peebles","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology, University Hospital Southampton , Southampton ,","place":["UK"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Steffen E","family":"Petersen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"William Harvey Research Institute, NIHR Barts Biomedical Research Centre, Queen Mary University of London , Charterhouse Square, London EC1M 6BQ ,","place":["UK"]},{"name":"Barts Heart Centre, St Bartholomew\u2019s Hospital, Barts Health NHS Trust , West Smithfield, London EC1A 7BE ,","place":["UK"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Thomas","family":"Semple","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology, The Royal Brompton Hospital , Sydney Street, London SW3 6NP ,","place":["UK"]},{"name":"Centre for Paediatrics and Child Health, Imperial College London , London ,","place":["UK"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Israel","family":"Valverde","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pediatric Cardiology and Cardiovascular Pathology Unit, Virgen del Rocio University Hospital, Institute of Biomedicine of Seville (IBIS), University of Seville , Seville ,","place":["Spain"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7406-8006","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Inga","family":"Voges","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Congenital Heart Disease and Paediatric Cardiology, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein , Kiel ,","place":["Germany"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2611-8061","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Aurelio","family":"Secinaro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatric Cardiology and Cardiac Surgery, Bambino Ges\u00f9 Children's Hospital , Rome ,","place":["Italy"]},{"name":"Advanced Cardiothoracic Imaging Unit, Department of Imaging, Bambino Ges\u00f9 Children's Hospital, IRCCS , Rome ,","place":["Italy"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0305-0113","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Giovanni","family":"Di Salvo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Woman and Child Health, Paediatric Research Institute, University of Padua , Padua ,","place":["Italy"]},{"name":"Experimental Cardiology Department, Paediatric Research Institute, University of Padua , Padua ,","place":["Italy"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,9]]},"reference":[{"key":"2026080909264686100_jeac048-B1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1698","DOI":"10.1093\/eurheartj\/ehx243","article-title":"The future of cardiovascular magnetic resonance imaging","volume":"38","author":"Friedrich","year":"2017","journal-title":"Eur Heart J"},{"key":"2026080909264686100_jeac048-B2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"24","DOI":"10.1007\/s12410-018-9464-2","article-title":"Cardiac CT: global use and comparison of international guidelines","volume":"11","author":"Parsons","year":"2018","journal-title":"Curr Cardiovasc Imaging Rep"},{"key":"2026080909264686100_jeac048-B3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"286","DOI":"10.1093\/eurheartj\/ehx582","article-title":"Strategies for radiation dose reduction in nuclear cardiology and cardiac computed tomography imaging: a report from the European Association of Cardiovascular Imaging (EACVI), the Cardiovascular Committee of European Association of Nuclear Medicine (EANM)","volume":"39","author":"Gimelli","year":"2018","journal-title":"Eur Heart J"},{"key":"2026080909264686100_jeac048-B4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"657","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2019.10.002","article-title":"ACC\/AHA\/ASE\/HRS\/ISACHD\/SCAI\/SCCT\/SCMR\/SOPE 2020 appropriate use criteria for multimodality imaging during the follow-up care of patients with congenital heart disease","volume":"75","author":"Sachdeva","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Am Coll Cardiol"},{"key":"2026080909264686100_jeac048-B5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"475","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcct.2015.07.004","article-title":"Computed tomography imaging in patients with congenital heart disease part I: rationale and utility. 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