{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,16]],"date-time":"2026-10-16T22:50:02Z","timestamp":1792191002784,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":19,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,6]],"date-time":"2022-06-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1654473600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Thorax Foundation, British Heart Foundation"},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000274","name":"British Heart Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["FS\/SCRF\/21\/32010"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["FS\/SCRF\/21\/32010"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000274","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000274","name":"British Heart Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["FS\/19\/15\/34155"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["FS\/19\/15\/34155"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000274","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000274","name":"British Heart Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["CH\/09\/002"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["CH\/09\/002"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000274","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000274","name":"British Heart Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["RG\/16\/10\/32375"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["RG\/16\/10\/32375"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000274","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000274","name":"British Heart Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["RE\/18\/5\/34216"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["RE\/18\/5\/34216"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000274","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Sir Jules Thorn Award for Biomedical Research 2015","award":["15\/JTA"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["15\/JTA"]}]},{"name":"Wellcome Trust Senior Investigator Award","award":["WT103782AIA"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["WT103782AIA"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,17]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Aims<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>The influence haemodynamics have on vessel wall pathobiology in aortic disease is incomplete. This aim of this study was to develop a repeatable method for assessing the relationship between aortic wall shear stress (WSS) and disease activity by fusing 4D flow cardiovascular magnetic resonance (CMR) with hybrid positron emission tomography (PET).<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Methods and results<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>As part of an ongoing clinical trial, patients with bicuspid aortic valve (BAV) were prospectively imaged with both 18F-sodium fluoride (18F-NaF) PET, a marker of calcification activity, and 4D flow CMR. We developed novel software allowing accurate 3D co-registration and high-resolution comparison of aortic peak systolic WSS and 18F-NaF PET uptake (maximum tissue-to-background ratio). Intra-observer repeatability of both measurements was determined using Bland\u2013Altman plots and intra-class correlation coefficients (ICCs). The relationship between localized WSS and 18F-NaF uptake was analysed using linear mixed-effect models. Twenty-three patients with BAV (median age 50 [44\u201355] years, 22% female) were included. Intra-observer repeatability for WSS (ICC = 0.92) and 18F-NaF (ICC = 0.91) measurements obtained within 1.4 \u00b1 0.6\u2005cm2 regions of interest was excellent. On multivariable analysis, 18F-NaF PET uptake was independently and negatively associated with WSS as well as diastolic blood pressure (both P &amp;lt; 0.05), adjusted for age.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Fused assessment of WSS and 18F-NaF PET uptake is feasible and repeatable, demonstrating a clear association between these two factors. This high spatial resolution approach has major potential to advance our understanding of the relationship between vascular haemodynamics and disease activity.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/ehjci\/jeac090","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,5]],"date-time":"2022-05-05T11:14:24Z","timestamp":1651749264000},"page":"1698-1707","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Vascular biomechanics and molecular disease activity in the thoracic aorta: a novel imaging method"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"23","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9249-229X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Savine C S","family":"Minderhoud","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiology, Erasmus Medical Center, University Medical Center Rotterdam , 3015 GD Rotterdam , The Netherlands"},{"name":"Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Erasmus Medical Center, University Medical Center Rotterdam , 3015 GD Rotterdam , The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alexander J","family":"Fletcher","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"British Heart Foundation Centre for Cardiovascular Science, University of Edinburgh , Chancellor\u2019s Building, 49 Little France Crescent, Edinburgh EH16 4SB , UK"},{"name":"Department of Child Health, University of Glasgow, School of Medicine and Dentistry , G51 4TF Glasgow , UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gillian","family":"MacNaught","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Edinburgh Imaging Facility, Queens Medical Research Institute, University of Edinburgh , EH16 4TJ Edinburgh , UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sebastien","family":"Cadet","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Imaging (Division of Nuclear Cardiology), Cedars-Sinai Medical Centre , CA 90048 Los Angeles, CA , USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Suze-Anne","family":"Korteland","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiology, Erasmus Medical Center, University Medical Center Rotterdam , 3015 GD Rotterdam , The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2115-9745","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Isabella","family":"Kardys","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiology, Erasmus Medical Center, University Medical Center Rotterdam , 3015 GD Rotterdam , The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9397-0900","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Dimitris","family":"Rizopoulos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biostatistics, Erasmus Medical Center, University Medical Center Rotterdam , 3015 GD Rotterdam , The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Piotr","family":"Slomka","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Imaging (Division of Nuclear Cardiology), Cedars-Sinai Medical Centre , CA 90048 Los Angeles, CA , USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7971-4628","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"David E","family":"Newby","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"British Heart Foundation Centre for Cardiovascular Science, University of Edinburgh , Chancellor\u2019s Building, 49 Little France Crescent, Edinburgh EH16 4SB , UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jolien W","family":"Roos-Hesselink","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiology, Erasmus Medical Center, University Medical Center Rotterdam , 3015 GD Rotterdam , The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Niki L","family":"Walker","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Scottish Adult Congenital Cardiac Service, Golden Jubilee National Hospital , G81 4DY Clydebank , UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Scott","family":"Semple","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Edinburgh Imaging Facility, Queens Medical Research Institute, University of Edinburgh , EH16 4TJ Edinburgh , UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3315-2006","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Alexander","family":"Hirsch","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiology, Erasmus Medical Center, University Medical Center Rotterdam , 3015 GD Rotterdam , The Netherlands"},{"name":"Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Erasmus Medical Center, University Medical Center Rotterdam , 3015 GD Rotterdam , The 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