{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,13]],"date-time":"2026-06-13T20:39:55Z","timestamp":1781383195180,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":26,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,19]],"date-time":"2023-09-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1695081600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/pages\/standard-publication-reuse-rights"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["81971588"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["81971588"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Construction Research Project of Key Laboratory"},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100005150","name":"Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2019PT310025"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2019PT310025"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100005150","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Youth Key Program of High-level Hospital Clinical Research","award":["2022-GSP-QZ-5"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2022-GSP-QZ-5"]}]},{"name":"National Foreign Expert Talent Project","award":["G2021194020L"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["G2021194020L"]}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100008235","name":"Peking Union Medical College","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100008235","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"NIH","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,29]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Aims<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Haemodynamic forces (HDFs) provided a feasible method to early detect cardiac mechanical abnormalities by estimating the intraventricular pressure gradients. The novel advances in assessment of HDFs using routine cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) cines shed new light on detection of preclinical dysfunction. However, definition of normal values for this new technique is the prerequisite for application in the clinic.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Methods and results<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>A total of 218 healthy volunteers [38.1 years \u00b1 11.1; 111 male (50.9%)] were recruited and underwent CMR examinations with a 3.0T scanner. Balanced steady state free precession breath hold cine images were acquired, and HDF assessments were performed based on strain analysis. The normal values of longitudinal and transversal HDF strength [root mean square (RMS)] and ratio of transversal to longitudinal HDF were all evaluated in overall population as well as in both genders and in age-specific groups. The longitudinal RMS values (%) of HDFs were significantly higher in women (P &amp;lt; 0.05). Moreover, the HDF amplitudes significantly decreased with ageing in entire heartbeat, systole, diastole, systolic\/diastolic transition, and diastolic deceleration, while increased in atrial thrust. In multivariable linear regression analysis, age, heart rate, and global longitudinal strain emerged as independent predictors of the amplitudes of longitudinal HDFs in entire heartbeat and systole, while left ventricular end-diastole volume index was also independently associated with longitudinal HDFs in diastole and diastolic deceleration (P &amp;lt; 0.05 for all).<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Our study provided comprehensive normal values of HDF assessments using CMR as well as presented with specific age and sex stratification. HDF analyses can be performed with excellent intra- and inter-observer reproducibility.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/ehjci\/jead234","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,19]],"date-time":"2023-09-19T11:39:05Z","timestamp":1695123545000},"page":"229-239","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":13,"title":["Unravelling the intricacies of left ventricular haemodynamic forces: age and gender-specific normative values assessed by cardiac MRI in healthy adults"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"25","author":[{"given":"Wenjing","family":"Yang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Departments of Magnetic Resonance Imaging, State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Fuwai Hospital , 167 Beilishi Road, Beijing 100037 , 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Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Fuwai Hospital , 167 Beilishi Road, Beijing 100037 , China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Weichun","family":"Wu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departments of Echocardiography, State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Fuwai Hospital , Beilishi Road, Xicheng District, Beijing 100037 , China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Di","family":"Zhou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departments of Magnetic Resonance Imaging, State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Fuwai Hospital , 167 Beilishi Road, Beijing 100037 , China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Arlene","family":"Sirajuddin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Health and Human Services, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health , Bethesda, MD , USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Andrew E","family":"Arai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Private Consultant , Kensington, MD 20895 , USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shihua","family":"Zhao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departments of Magnetic Resonance Imaging, State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Fuwai Hospital , 167 Beilishi Road, Beijing 100037 , China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8696-318X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Minjie","family":"Lu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departments of Magnetic Resonance Imaging, State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Fuwai Hospital , 167 Beilishi Road, Beijing 100037 , China"},{"name":"Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Imaging (Cultivation), Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences , Beijing , China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,19]]},"reference":[{"key":"2024042605160361800_jead234-B1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1444","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcmg.2015.11.001","article-title":"Tissue tracking technology for assessing cardiac mechanics: principles, normal values, and clinical 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