{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,17]],"date-time":"2026-08-17T23:18:15Z","timestamp":1787008695298,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":16,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,17]],"date-time":"2023-10-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1697500800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Otago Medical School\u2019s Research Student Support Committee"},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001516","name":"New Zealand Heart Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001516","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"name":"E & W White Parsons Charitable Trust"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,22]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Aims<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Previous studies have demonstrated relatively slow rates of progression of early calcific aortic valve disease (CAVD), which encompasses aortic sclerosis (ASc) and mild aortic stenosis (AS). The potential evolution to clinically significant AS is unclear, and we therefore examined the long-term outcomes of patients with ASc and mild AS detected at the time of clinically indicated echocardiography.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods and results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Data from initial clinically indicated echocardiograms performed between 2010 and 2018 in patients aged \u226518 years were extracted and linked to nationally collected outcome data. Those with impaired right or left systolic ventricular function or other significant left-sided valve disease were excluded. A time to first event analysis was performed with a composite primary outcome of cardiovascular death and aortic valve intervention (AVI). Of the 13 313 patients, 8973 had no CAVD, 3436 had ASc, and 455 had mild AS. The remainder had moderate or worse stenosis. Over a median follow-up period of 4.2 (interquartile range 1.8\u20136.7) years (and after adjustment for age and sex), those with ASc were at greater risk of the primary outcome [hazard ratio (HR) 2.9, 95% confidence interval (CI) 2.1\u20134.0] and need for AVI (HR 26.8, 95% CI 9.1\u201379.1) compared with those with no CAVD. Clinical event rates accelerated after \u223c5 years in those with mild AS.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Patients with ASc are &amp;gt;25 times more likely to require AVI than those with no CAVD, and follow-up echocardiography should be considered within 3\u20134 years in those with mild AS.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/ehjci\/jead259","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,14]],"date-time":"2023-10-14T08:03:23Z","timestamp":1697270603000},"page":"356-364","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Outcomes of patients with early calcific aortic valve disease detected by clinically indicated echocardiography"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"25","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4830-7023","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Matthew K","family":"Moore","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine, HeartOtago, Dunedin School of Medicine, University of Otago , PO Box 9056, Dunedin 9054, New Zealand"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gregory T","family":"Jones","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Surgical Sciences, Dunedin School of Medicine, University of Otago , Dunedin , New Zealand"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gillian","family":"Whalley","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine, HeartOtago, Dunedin School of Medicine, University of Otago , PO Box 9056, Dunedin 9054, New Zealand"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6031-2124","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Bernard","family":"Prendergast","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"St Thomas\u2019 Hospital and Cleveland Clinic London , UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michael J A","family":"Williams","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine, HeartOtago, Dunedin School of Medicine, University of Otago , PO Box 9056, Dunedin 9054, New Zealand"},{"name":"Department of Cardiology, Dunedin Hospital, Te Whatu Ora Southern , 201 Great King Street, Dunedin 9016 , New Zealand"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2312-4666","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sean","family":"Coffey","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine, HeartOtago, Dunedin School of Medicine, University of Otago , PO Box 9056, Dunedin 9054, New Zealand"},{"name":"Department of Cardiology, Dunedin Hospital, Te Whatu Ora Southern , 201 Great King Street, Dunedin 9016 , New Zealand"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,17]]},"reference":[{"key":"2024022222401792600_jead259-B1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e254","DOI":"10.1161\/CIR.0000000000000950","article-title":"Heart disease and stroke statistics-2021 update: a report from the American Heart Association","volume":"143","author":"Virani","year":"2021","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"2024022222401792600_jead259-B2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"561","DOI":"10.1093\/eurheartj\/ehab395","article-title":"2021 ESC\/EACTS guidelines for the management of valvular heart disease","volume":"43","author":"Vahanian","year":"2022","journal-title":"Eur Heart J"},{"issue":"25 Pt A","key":"2024022222401792600_jead259-B3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2852","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2014.04.018","article-title":"The prevalence, incidence, progression, and risks of aortic valve sclerosis: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"63","author":"Coffey","year":"2014","journal-title":"J Am Coll Cardiol"},{"key":"2024022222401792600_jead259-B4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"142","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199907153410302","article-title":"Association of aortic-valve sclerosis with cardiovascular mortality and morbidity in the elderly","volume":"341","author":"Otto","year":"1999","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"2024022222401792600_jead259-B5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"701","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amjcard.2009.10.071","article-title":"Incidence and progression of aortic valve calcium in the Multi-ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis (MESA)","volume":"105","author":"Owens","year":"2010","journal-title":"Am J Cardiol"},{"key":"2024022222401792600_jead259-B6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1851","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2019.08.004","article-title":"Poor long-term survival in patients with moderate aortic stenosis","volume":"74","author":"Strange","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Am Coll Cardiol"},{"key":"2024022222401792600_jead259-B7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"60","DOI":"10.1016\/j.echo.2022.09.020","article-title":"Risk for mortality with increasingly severe aortic stenosis: an international cohort study","volume":"36","author":"Strange","year":"2023","journal-title":"J Am Soc Echocardiogr"},{"key":"2024022222401792600_jead259-B8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e021126","DOI":"10.1161\/JAHA.121.021126","article-title":"Prevalence and outcomes of low-gradient severe aortic stenosis-from the National Echo Database of Australia","volume":"10","author":"Snir","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Am Heart Assoc"},{"key":"2024022222401792600_jead259-B9","first-page":"12.11.22282862","article-title":"Use of an ultrasound picture archiving and communication system (PACS) to answer research questions: description of data cleaning methods [internet]","author":"Moore","year":"2022","journal-title":"medRxiv"},{"key":"2024022222401792600_jead259-B10","volume-title":"RStudio: Integrated Development for R","author":"RStudio Team","year":"2020"},{"key":"2024022222401792600_jead259-B11","volume-title":"R: A Language and Environment for Statistical Computing","author":"Core Team","year":"2020"},{"key":"2024022222401792600_jead259-B12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1686","DOI":"10.21105\/joss.01686","article-title":"Welcome to the tidyverse","volume":"4","author":"Wickham","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Open Source Softw"},{"key":"2024022222401792600_jead259-B13","author":"Kassambara"},{"key":"2024022222401792600_jead259-B14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"138","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijcard.2018.01.054","article-title":"Cardiovascular morbidity and mortality in patients with aortic valve sclerosis: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"260","author":"Di Minno","year":"2018","journal-title":"Int J Cardiol"},{"key":"2024022222401792600_jead259-B15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1336","DOI":"10.1136\/heartjnl-2020-318823","article-title":"Survival of people with valvular heart disease in a large, English community-based cohort study","volume":"107","author":"Taylor","year":"2021","journal-title":"Heart"},{"key":"2024022222401792600_jead259-B16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"30","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amjcard.2021.05.012","article-title":"Prevalence of aortic valve stenosis in patients with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction and effect on long-term outcome","volume":"153","author":"Singh","year":"2021","journal-title":"Am J Cardiol"}],"container-title":["European Heart Journal - Cardiovascular Imaging"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/ehjcimaging\/advance-article-pdf\/doi\/10.1093\/ehjci\/jead259\/54800845\/jead259.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"am","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/ehjcimaging\/article-pdf\/25\/3\/356\/56744469\/jead259.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/ehjcimaging\/article-pdf\/25\/3\/356\/56744469\/jead259.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,22]],"date-time":"2024-02-22T18:01:30Z","timestamp":1708624890000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/ehjcimaging\/article\/25\/3\/356\/7318174"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,17]]},"references-count":16,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,17]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,22]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/ehjci\/jead259","relation":{},"ISSN":["2047-2404","2047-2412"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2047-2404","type":"print"},{"value":"2047-2412","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published-other":{"date-parts":[[2024,3]]},"published":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,17]]}}}