{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,20]],"date-time":"2026-08-20T23:24:17Z","timestamp":1787268257983,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":24,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,10]],"date-time":"2024-05-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1715299200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Graeme McDaniel Foundation"},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000050","name":"National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000050","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["K23HL127266"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["K23HL127266"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Southern Star Medical Research Institute"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,26]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Aims<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Data on mitral annular disjunction (MAD) in children with Marfan syndrome (MFS) are sparse. To investigate the diagnostic yield of MAD by echocardiography and cardiac magnetic resonance imaging (CMR), its prevalence and progression during childhood.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Methods and results<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>We included patients &amp;lt;21 years old with MFS, defined by 2010 Ghent criteria and a pathogenic FBN1 variant or ectopia lentis. Two readers measured systolic separation between the mitral valve (MV) posterior hinge point and left ventricular (LV) myocardium on initial and subsequent imaging. MAD was defined as MV-LV separation \u22652\u2005mm, MV prolapse (MVP) as atrial displacement \u22652\u2005mm. Kappa coefficients evaluated echocardiogram\u2013CMR agreement. Bland\u2013Altman and intraclass correlation coefficients (ICCs) assessed inter-rater and inter-modality reliability. Univariable mixed-effects linear regression was used to evaluate longitudinal changes of MAD. MAD was detected in 60% (110\/185) eligible patients. MVP was present in 48% (53\/110) of MAD and MAD in 90% (53\/59) of MVP. MAD detection by CMR and echocardiography had 96% overall agreement (Kappa = 0.89, P &amp;lt; 0.001) and a 0.32\u2005mm estimate bias (95% CI 0.00, 0.65). ICC by echocardiography, CMR, and between modalities were 0.97 (95% CI 0.93, 0.98), 0.92 (95% CI 0.79, 0.97), and 0.91 (95% CI 0.85, 0.94), respectively. MAD was associated with aortic root dilation (P &amp;lt; 0.001). MAD was found in children of all ages, increased +0.18\u2005mm\/year (95% CI +0.14, +0.22) during a median duration of 5.5 years (IQR 3.1, 7.5 years). MAD indexed by height yielded a constant value +0.0002\u2005mm\/m\/year (95% CI \u22120.0002, +0.0005\u2005mm\/m\/year).<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>MAD was common in pediatric MFS and was associated with aortic root dilation. MAD detection by echocardiography and CMR was highly reliable, suggesting that routine assessment in MFS is feasible. MAD was present in neonates and progressed over time but remained constant when indexing by height. Further studies are needed to evaluate MAD as a biomarker for clinical outcomes in pediatric MFS.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/ehjci\/jeae125","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,10]],"date-time":"2024-05-10T18:20:50Z","timestamp":1715365250000},"page":"1306-1314","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":13,"title":["Mitral annular disjunction and its progression during childhood in Marfan syndrome"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"25","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8256-1535","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tam T","family":"Doan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Cardiology, Texas Children\u2019s Hospital , 6651 Main Street MC-E1920, Houston, TX 77030 , USA"},{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine , One Baylor Plaza, Houston, TX 77030 , USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alejandra","family":"Iturralde Chavez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Cardiology, Texas Children\u2019s Hospital , 6651 Main Street MC-E1920, Houston, TX 77030 , USA"},{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine , One Baylor Plaza, Houston, TX 77030 , USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Santiago O","family":"Valdes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Cardiology, Texas Children\u2019s Hospital , 6651 Main Street MC-E1920, Houston, TX 77030 , USA"},{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine , One Baylor Plaza, Houston, TX 77030 , USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Justin D","family":"Weigand","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Cardiology, Texas Children\u2019s Hospital , 6651 Main Street MC-E1920, Houston, TX 77030 , USA"},{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine , One Baylor Plaza, Houston, TX 77030 , USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"James C","family":"Wilkinson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Cardiology, Texas Children\u2019s Hospital , 6651 Main Street MC-E1920, Houston, TX 77030 , USA"},{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine , One Baylor Plaza, Houston, TX 77030 , USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anitha","family":"Parthiban","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Cardiology, Texas Children\u2019s Hospital , 6651 Main Street MC-E1920, Houston, TX 77030 , USA"},{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine , One Baylor Plaza, Houston, TX 77030 , USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sara B","family":"Stephens","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Cardiology, Texas Children\u2019s Hospital , 6651 Main Street MC-E1920, Houston, TX 77030 , USA"},{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine , One Baylor Plaza, Houston, TX 77030 , USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ricardo H","family":"Pignatelli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Cardiology, Texas Children\u2019s Hospital , 6651 Main Street MC-E1920, Houston, TX 77030 , USA"},{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine , One Baylor Plaza, Houston, TX 77030 , USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shaine A","family":"Morris","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Cardiology, Texas Children\u2019s Hospital , 6651 Main Street MC-E1920, Houston, TX 77030 , USA"},{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine , One Baylor Plaza, Houston, TX 77030 , 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