{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,23]],"date-time":"2026-10-23T22:25:16Z","timestamp":1792794316693,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":63,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,22]],"date-time":"2026-01-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1769040000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100015362","name":"Chiesi and Amicus therapeutics Ltd","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100015362","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"National Institute for Health and Care Research University College London Hospitals Biomedical Research Centre","id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/0187kwz08","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000274","name":"British Heart Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["FS\/19\/35\/34374"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["FS\/19\/35\/34374"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000274","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"National Institute for Health Research Rare Diseases Translational Research Collaboration","award":["#171603"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["#171603"]}],"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/0187kwz08","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"name":"National Institutes of Health University College London Hospitals Biomedical Research Centre"},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100015362","name":"Amicus","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100015362","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100007561","name":"Chiesi","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100007561","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Protalix Biotherapeutics","id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/02jf3v234","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"name":"Freeline"},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100018156","name":"Sangamo","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100018156","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100021515","name":"Sanofi","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100021515","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100016040","name":"Takeda","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100016040","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Akcea Therapeutics"},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100006396","name":"Alexion Pharmaceuticals","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100006396","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100006400","name":"Alnylam Pharmaceuticals","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100006400","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100014091","name":"AstraZeneca","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100014091","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"BridgeBio Pharma, Inc"},{"name":"Eidos Therapeutics"},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100032786","name":"Intellia Therapeutics","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100032786","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100013669","name":"Ionis Pharmaceuticals","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100013669","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100005565","name":"Janssen Global Services","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100005565","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004191","name":"Novo Nordisk","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004191","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100004319","name":"Pfizer","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100004319","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"BridgeBio Pharma, Inc"},{"name":"Eidos Therapeutics"},{"name":"National Institute for Health and Care Research and Biomedical Research Centers","id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/0187kwz08","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100008721","name":"University College London Hospitals","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100008721","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Barts Health National Health Service Trusts","id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/02wnqcb97","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100017239","name":"Beigene","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100017239","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100005035","name":"Biotronik","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100005035","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Abbott St Jude Medical","id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/00t9de449","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"name":"MyCardium AI Ltd"},{"name":"National Institutes of Health and Care Research Biomedical Research Centres"},{"name":"University College London Hospitals and Barts Health NHS Trusts","id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/02jx3x895","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"name":"MyCardium AI Ltd"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,27]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Aims<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Assessing cardiac function is critical for managing cardiovascular disease, guiding treatment, monitoring progression, and risk stratification. While left ventricular (LV) ejection fraction (LVEF) is firmly established, it has limitations. Myocardial contraction fraction (MCF)\u2014the ratio of stroke volume to myocardial volume, is simple to compute without additional analysis and offers a promising alternative to LVEF.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods and results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>MCF was assessed across four datasets spanning healthy controls and chronic structural cardiac disease, with direct comparison to LVEF. Association between age, sex, and MCF were investigated in 3541 healthy subjects from the UK Biobank and sex-specific reference ranges derived. Several cohorts were recruited to investigate the discriminative power of MCF and LVEF between health and physiological adaption (n = 278 veteran athletes), pathological hypertrophy [hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, amyloid, Fabry, severe aortic stenosis (AS), and hypertension (HTN); n = 633], and dilatation [n = 103 dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM)]. Ability to track disease severity was assessed by looking at 41 558 subjects from the UK Biobank. Finally, prognostication was assessed on 1277 consecutive patients from an independent external dataset. All images were analysed using the same validated artificial intelligence algorithm. MCF varied with sex (mean MCF: 0.94 male; 1.1 female) but not age. Sex-specific reference ranges were established: [0.68\u20131.20] for male and [0.82\u20131.38] for female. MCF decreased in pathological disease (e.g. mean MCF: 0.72 HCM; 0.69 severe AS; 0.5 amyloid; 0.9 HTN) but there was no significant decrease in LVEF other than in amyloid (mean EF: 76% HCM; 64% severe AS; amyloid 56%; 65% HTN). Both MCF and ejection fraction (EF) decreased in DCM (EF 34%; MCF 0.58). MCF decreased with worsening HTN, whereas LVEF increased (P &amp;lt; 0.05). MCF had superior prognostic ability to LVEF (MCF vs. LVEF: HR = 0.772 vs. HR = 0.816; \u03c72 = 198 vs. \u03c72 = 151; P &amp;lt; 0.001).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We established MCF reference ranges, showing superior performance for detecting early disease and tracking progression compared with LVEF. MCF offers enhanced prognostic utility, complementing established metrics of LV function.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/ehjci\/jeag019","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,21]],"date-time":"2026-01-21T12:38:11Z","timestamp":1768999091000},"page":"803-816","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Reappraising cardiac function with myocardial contraction fraction: normal values, disease detection, and prognostication"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"27","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4807-0636","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hibba","family":"Kurdi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"University College London , 62 Huntley Street, London WC1E 6DD ,","place":["United Kingdom"]},{"name":"Barts Heart Centre , London ,","place":["United Kingdom"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3289-2413","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"George","family":"Thornton","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University College London , 62 Huntley Street, London WC1E 6DD ,","place":["United Kingdom"]},{"name":"Barts Heart Centre , London ,","place":["United Kingdom"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hunain","family":"Shiwani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University College London , 62 Huntley Street, London WC1E 6DD ,","place":["United Kingdom"]},{"name":"Barts Heart Centre , London ,","place":["United Kingdom"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jessica","family":"Artico","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University College London , 62 Huntley Street, London WC1E 6DD ,","place":["United Kingdom"]},{"name":"Barts Heart Centre , London ,","place":["United Kingdom"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Aderonke","family":"Abiodun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University College London , 62 Huntley Street, London WC1E 6DD ,","place":["United Kingdom"]},{"name":"Barts Heart Centre , London ,","place":["United Kingdom"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9693-4083","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Silvia","family":"Castelletti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University Hospital Santa Maria della Misericordia, Udine ,","place":["Italy"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5682-7950","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Stefania","family":"Rosmini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Kings College London , London ,","place":["United Kingdom"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sabrina","family":"Nordin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Glasgow and Queen Elizabeth University Hospital"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Joao","family":"Augusto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University College London , 62 Huntley Street, London WC1E 6DD ,","place":["United Kingdom"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6437-5018","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rebecca","family":"Kozor","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Royal North Shore Hospital and University of Sydney , Sydney ,","place":["Australia"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3225-8378","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Viviana","family":"Maestrini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical, Internal, Anesthesiological and Cardiovascular Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome ,","place":["Italy"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9951-8832","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lamia","family":"Al Saikhan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiac Technology, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University ,","place":["Kingdom of Saudi Arabia"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Uzma","family":"Gul","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Barts Heart Centre , London ,","place":["United Kingdom"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1467-5490","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"George","family":"Joy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University College London , 62 Huntley Street, London WC1E 6DD ,","place":["United Kingdom"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2110-5234","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rebecca","family":"Hughes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University College London , 62 Huntley Street, London WC1E 6DD ,","place":["United Kingdom"]},{"name":"Barts Heart Centre , London ,","place":["United Kingdom"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anish","family":"Bhuva","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University College London , 62 Huntley Street, London WC1E 6DD ,","place":["United Kingdom"]},{"name":"Barts Heart Centre , London ,","place":["United Kingdom"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Benjamin","family":"Meredith","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University College London , 62 Huntley Street, London WC1E 6DD ,","place":["United Kingdom"]},{"name":"Barts Heart Centre , London ,","place":["United Kingdom"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gabriella","family":"Captur","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University College London , 62 Huntley Street, London WC1E 6DD ,","place":["United Kingdom"]},{"name":"The Royal Free Hospital , London ,","place":["United Kingdom"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marianna","family":"Fontanna","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Royal Free Hospital , London ,","place":["United Kingdom"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Derralynn","family":"Hughes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University College London , 62 Huntley Street, London WC1E 6DD ,","place":["United Kingdom"]},{"name":"The Royal Free Hospital , London ,","place":["United Kingdom"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9875-6070","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Peter","family":"Kellman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health Bethesda ,","place":["USA"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alun D","family":"Hughes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University College London , 62 Huntley Street, London WC1E 6DD ,","place":["United Kingdom"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Erik","family":"Schelbert","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Pittsburgh , PA ,","place":["USA"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Charlotte H","family":"Manisty","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University College London , 62 Huntley Street, London WC1E 6DD ,","place":["United Kingdom"]},{"name":"Barts Heart Centre , London ,","place":["United Kingdom"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1560-7414","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Thomas A","family":"Treibel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University College London , 62 Huntley Street, London WC1E 6DD ,","place":["United Kingdom"]},{"name":"Barts Heart Centre , London ,","place":["United Kingdom"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8071-1491","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"James C","family":"Moon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University College London , 62 Huntley Street, London WC1E 6DD ,","place":["United Kingdom"]},{"name":"Barts Heart Centre , London ,","place":["United Kingdom"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7630-7517","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rhodri H","family":"Davies","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University College London , 62 Huntley Street, London WC1E 6DD ,","place":["United Kingdom"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,22]]},"reference":[{"key":"2026032621013374600_jeag019-B1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2360","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2018.08.2162","article-title":"Ejection fraction pros and cons: JACC state-of-the-art review","volume":"72","author":"Marwick","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Am Coll Cardiol"},{"key":"2026032621013374600_jeag019-B2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"789","DOI":"10.1093\/eurheartj\/ehaa587","article-title":"Assessing left ventricular systolic function: from ejection fraction to strain analysis","volume":"42","author":"Halliday","year":"2021","journal-title":"Eur Heart J"},{"key":"2026032621013374600_jeag019-B3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1642","DOI":"10.1093\/eurheartj\/ehv510","article-title":"Beyond ejection fraction: an integrative approach for assessment of cardiac structure and function in heart failure","volume":"37","author":"Cikes","year":"2016","journal-title":"Eur Heart J"},{"key":"2026032621013374600_jeag019-B4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1414","DOI":"10.1093\/ehjci\/jew324","article-title":"Myocardial contraction fraction derived from cardiovascular magnetic resonance cine images\u2014reference values and performance in patients with heart failure and left ventricular hypertrophy","volume":"18","author":"Arenja","year":"2017","journal-title":"Eur Heart J Cardiovasc Imaging"},{"key":"2026032621013374600_jeag019-B5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"450","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cardfail.2019.03.016","article-title":"Myocardial contraction fraction predicts cardiovascular events in patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy and normal ejection fraction","volume":"25","author":"Shimada","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Card Fail"},{"key":"2026032621013374600_jeag019-B6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"E012257","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCIMAGING.120.012257","article-title":"Myocardial contraction fraction for risk stratification in low-gradient aortic stenosis with preserved ejection fraction","volume":"14","author":"Rusinaru","year":"2021","journal-title":"Circ Cardiovasc Imaging"},{"key":"2026032621013374600_jeag019-B7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"325","DOI":"10.1016\/S0735-1097(02)01944-7","article-title":"Myocardial contraction fraction: a volumetric Index of myocardial shortening by freehand three-dimensional echocardiography","volume":"40","author":"King","year":"2002","journal-title":"J Am Coll Cardiol"},{"key":"2026032621013374600_jeag019-B8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1995","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1911303","article-title":"Dapagliflozin in patients with heart failure and reduced ejection fraction","volume":"381","author":"McMurray","year":"2019","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"2026032621013374600_jeag019-B9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"709","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199909023411001","article-title":"The effect of spironolactone on morbidity and mortality in patients with severe heart failure","volume":"341","author":"Pitt","year":"1999","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"2026032621013374600_jeag019-B10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1539","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa050496","article-title":"The effect of cardiac resynchronization on morbidity and mortality in heart failure","volume":"352","author":"Cleland","year":"2005","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"2026032621013374600_jeag019-B11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e181456","DOI":"10.1001\/jamanetworkopen.2018.1456","article-title":"Variability in ejection fraction measured by echocardiography, gated single-photon emission computed tomography, and cardiac magnetic resonance in patients with coronary artery disease and left ventricular dysfunction","volume":"1","author":"Pellikka","year":"2018","journal-title":"JAMA Netw Open"},{"key":"2026032621013374600_jeag019-B12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3599","DOI":"10.1093\/eurheartj\/ehab368","article-title":"2021 ESC guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of acute and chronic heart failure","volume":"42","author":"McDonagh","year":"2021","journal-title":"Eur Heart J"},{"key":"2026032621013374600_jeag019-B13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4297","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-021-83678-z","article-title":"Predictive values of multiple non-invasive markers for myocardial fibrosis in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy patients with preserved ejection fraction","volume":"11","author":"Li","year":"2021","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"key":"2026032621013374600_jeag019-B14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1671","DOI":"10.1136\/heartjnl-2016-309576","article-title":"Comprehensive characterisation of hypertensive heart disease left ventricular phenotypes","volume":"102","author":"Rodrigues","year":"2016","journal-title":"Heart"},{"key":"2026032621013374600_jeag019-B15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"911","DOI":"10.1016\/j.echo.2014.07.012","article-title":"Expert consensus for multimodality imaging evaluation of adult patients during and after cancer therapy: a report from the American society of echocardiography and the European association of cardiovascular imaging","volume":"27","author":"Plana","year":"2014","journal-title":"J Am Soc Echocardiogr"},{"key":"2026032621013374600_jeag019-B16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2768","DOI":"10.1093\/eurheartj\/ehw211","article-title":"2016 ESC position paper on cancer treatments and cardiovascular toxicity developed under the auspices of the ESC committee for practice guidelines: the task force for cancer treatments and cardiovascular toxicity of the European Society of Cardiology (ESC)","volume":"37","author":"Zamorano","year":"2016","journal-title":"Eur Heart J"},{"key":"2026032621013374600_jeag019-B17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"255","DOI":"10.1016\/0033-0620(76)90021-9","article-title":"Afterload mismatch and preload reserve: a conceptual framework for the analysis of ventricular function","volume":"18","author":"Ross","year":"1976","journal-title":"Prog Cardiovasc Dis"},{"key":"2026032621013374600_jeag019-B18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"61","DOI":"10.3109\/13506129.2014.994202","article-title":"The myocardial contraction fraction is superior to ejection fraction in predicting survival in patients with AL cardiac amyloidosis","volume":"22","author":"Tendler","year":"2015","journal-title":"Amyloid"},{"key":"2026032621013374600_jeag019-B19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"504","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cardfail.2018.07.001","article-title":"Myocardial contraction fraction by M-mode echocardiography is superior to ejection fraction in predicting mortality in transthyretin amyloidosis","volume":"24","author":"Rubin","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Card Fail"},{"key":"2026032621013374600_jeag019-B20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1119","DOI":"10.1111\/jch.12849","article-title":"The relationship between left ventricular wall thickness, myocardial shortening, and ejection fraction in hypertensive heart disease: insights from cardiac magnetic resonance imaging","volume":"18","author":"Rodrigues","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Clin Hypertens"},{"key":"2026032621013374600_jeag019-B21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"873","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcmg.2019.12.021","article-title":"How should physicians assess myocardial contraction?: redefining heart failure with a preserved ejection fraction","volume":"13","author":"Maurer","year":"2020","journal-title":"JACC Cardiovasc Imaging"},{"key":"2026032621013374600_jeag019-B22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8","DOI":"10.1186\/s12968-016-0227-4","article-title":"UK biobank\u2019s cardiovascular magnetic resonance protocol","volume":"18","author":"Petersen","year":"2015","journal-title":"J Cardiovasc Magn Reson"},{"key":"2026032621013374600_jeag019-B23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"615","DOI":"10.1093\/ehjci\/jey034","article-title":"Myocardial native T1 and extracellular volume with healthy ageing and gender","volume":"19","author":"Rosmini","year":"2018","journal-title":"Eur Heart J Cardiovasc Imaging"},{"key":"2026032621013374600_jeag019-B24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"O38","DOI":"10.1186\/1532-429X-18-S1-O38","article-title":"CMR findings in high endurance veteran athletes\u2014a 247 subject study","volume":"18","author":"Maestrini","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Cardiovasc Magn Reson"},{"key":"2026032621013374600_jeag019-B25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"74","DOI":"10.1186\/s12968-015-0176-3","article-title":"Extracellular volume quantification in isolated hypertension\u2014changes at the detectable limits?","volume":"17","author":"Treibel","year":"2015","journal-title":"J Cardiovasc Magn Reson"},{"key":"2026032621013374600_jeag019-B26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"790","DOI":"10.1093\/ehjci\/jeaa101","article-title":"The myocardial phenotype of Fabry disease pre-hypertrophy and pre-detectable storage","volume":"22","author":"Augusto","year":"2021","journal-title":"Eur Heart J Cardiovasc Imaging"},{"key":"2026032621013374600_jeag019-B27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2065","DOI":"10.1007\/s12350-019-01760-6","article-title":"ASNC\/AHA\/ASE\/EANM\/HFSA\/ISA\/SCMR\/SNMMI expert consensus recommendations for multimodality imaging in cardiac amyloidosis: part 1 of 2-evidence base and standardized methods of imaging","volume":"26","author":"Dorbala","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Nucl Cardiol"},{"key":"2026032621013374600_jeag019-B28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e39","DOI":"10.1093\/eurjpc\/zwaa083","article-title":"Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy: insights from extracellular volume mapping","volume":"28","author":"Castelletti","year":"2022","journal-title":"Eur J Prev Cardiol"},{"key":"2026032621013374600_jeag019-B29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"860","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2017.12.035","article-title":"Reverse myocardial remodeling following valve replacement in patients with aortic stenosis","volume":"71","author":"Treibel","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Am Coll Cardiol"},{"key":"2026032621013374600_jeag019-B30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3021","DOI":"10.1093\/eurheartj\/ehy339","article-title":"2018 ESC\/ESH guidelines for the management of arterial hypertension","volume":"39","author":"Williams","year":"2018","journal-title":"Eur Heart J"},{"key":"2026032621013374600_jeag019-B31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e445","DOI":"10.1016\/S2589-7500(22)00045-0","article-title":"Predicting hospitalisation for heart failure and death in patients with, or at risk of, heart failure before first hospitalisation: a retrospective model development and external validation study","volume":"4","author":"Bradley","year":"2022","journal-title":"Lancet Digit Health"},{"key":"2026032621013374600_jeag019-B32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"16","DOI":"10.1186\/s12968-022-00846-4","article-title":"Precision measurement of cardiac structure and function in cardiovascular magnetic resonance using machine learning","volume":"24","author":"Davies","year":"2022","journal-title":"J Cardiovasc Magn Reson"},{"key":"2026032621013374600_jeag019-B33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"38","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcmg.2018.07.029","article-title":"Relationship between left ventricular ejection fraction and mortality in asymptomatic and minimally symptomatic patients with severe aortic stenosis","volume":"12","author":"Bohbot","year":"2019","journal-title":"JACC Cardiovasc Imaging"},{"key":"2026032621013374600_jeag019-B34","first-page":"269","article-title":"Concentric and eccentric remodelling of the left ventricle and its association to function in the male athletes heart: an exploratory study","volume":"10","author":"Johnson","year":"2023","journal-title":"J Cardiovasc Dev Dis"},{"key":"2026032621013374600_jeag019-B35","first-page":"984","article-title":"Left ventricular concentric remodeling is associated with decreased global and regional systolic function","volume":"112","author":"Rosen","year":"2005","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"2026032621013374600_jeag019-B36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"436","DOI":"10.1002\/ejhf.1055","article-title":"Left ventricular geometry as a major determinant of left ventricular ejection fraction: physiological considerations and clinical implications","volume":"20","author":"Triposkiadis","year":"2018","journal-title":"Eur J Heart Fail"},{"key":"2026032621013374600_jeag019-B37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1251","DOI":"10.1016\/0735-1097(92)90385-Z","article-title":"Left ventricular mass and body size in normotensive children and adults: assessment of allometric relations and impact of overweight","volume":"20","author":"de Simone","year":"1992","journal-title":"J Am Coll Cardiol"},{"key":"2026032621013374600_jeag019-B38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"820","DOI":"10.1161\/01.CIR.103.6.820","article-title":"Relations of stroke volume and cardiac output to body composition: the Strong Heart Study","volume":"103","author":"Collis","year":"2001","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"2026032621013374600_jeag019-B39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"91","DOI":"10.1161\/HYPERTENSIONAHA.110.150250","article-title":"Left ventricular mass","volume":"56","author":"Chirinos","year":"2010","journal-title":"Hypertension"},{"key":"2026032621013374600_jeag019-B40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"662","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9149(90)91048-B","article-title":"Growth of the human heart relative to body surface area","volume":"65","author":"Gutgesell","year":"1990","journal-title":"Am J Cardiol"},{"key":"2026032621013374600_jeag019-B41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"10","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijcard.2019.07.040","article-title":"Association between reduced myocardial contraction fraction and cardiovascular disease outcomes: the multi-ethnic study of atherosclerosis","volume":"293","author":"Abdalla","year":"2019","journal-title":"Int J Cardiol"},{"key":"2026032621013374600_jeag019-B42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"12","DOI":"10.21037\/cdt.2019.05.02","article-title":"Prognostic impact of myocardial contraction fraction in patients undergoing transcatheter aortic valve replacement for aortic stenosis","volume":"10","author":"Romeo","year":"2020","journal-title":"Cardiovasc Diagn Ther"},{"key":"2026032621013374600_jeag019-B43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S34","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cardfail.2020.09.103","article-title":"Myocardial contraction fraction in outcomes in transthyretin amyloidosis","volume":"26","author":"Saith","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Card Fail"},{"key":"2026032621013374600_jeag019-B44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1774","DOI":"10.1182\/blood.V126.23.1774.1774","article-title":"In patients with light-chain (AL) amyloidosis myocardial contraction fraction (MCF) is a simple, but powerful prognostic measure that can be calculated from a standard echocardiogram (ECHO)","volume":"126","author":"Milani","year":"2015","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"2026032621013374600_jeag019-B45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"17026","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-020-72712-1","article-title":"Myocardial contraction fraction predicts mortality for patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy","volume":"10","author":"Liao","year":"2020","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"key":"2026032621013374600_jeag019-B46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1755","DOI":"10.1002\/ejhf.2947","article-title":"Global longitudinal strain predicts clinical outcomes in patients with heart failure with preserved ejection fraction","volume":"25","author":"Brann","year":"2023","journal-title":"Eur J Heart Fail"},{"key":"2026032621013374600_jeag019-B47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e009958","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCIMAGING.119.009958","article-title":"Left ventricular global longitudinal strain is associated with long-term outcomes in moderate aortic stenosis","volume":"13","author":"Zhu","year":"2020","journal-title":"Circ Cardiovasc Imaging"},{"key":"2026032621013374600_jeag019-B48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"470","DOI":"10.1136\/heartjnl-2018-313699","article-title":"Global longitudinal strain, myocardial storage and hypertrophy in Fabry disease","volume":"105","author":"Vijapurapu","year":"2019","journal-title":"Heart"},{"key":"2026032621013374600_jeag019-B49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"92","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pcad.2025.01.001","article-title":"Global longitudinal strain as an early marker of cardiac damage after cardiotoxic medications, a state-of-the-art review","volume":"89","author":"Sartorio","year":"2025","journal-title":"Prog Cardiovasc Dis"},{"key":"2026032621013374600_jeag019-B50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1062258","DOI":"10.3389\/fcvm.2022.1062258","article-title":"Predictive value of cardiac magnetic resonance mechanical parameters for myocardial fibrosis in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy with preserved left ventricular ejection fraction","volume":"9","author":"Hou","year":"2022","journal-title":"Front Cardiovasc Med"},{"key":"2026032621013374600_jeag019-B51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e013712","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCIMAGING.121.013712","article-title":"Normal values for myocardial work indices derived from pressure-strain loop analyses: from the CCHS","volume":"15","author":"Olsen","year":"2022","journal-title":"Circ Cardiovasc Imaging"},{"key":"2026032621013374600_jeag019-B52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"942","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2017.06.046","article-title":"Geometry as a confounder when assessing ventricular systolic function","volume":"70","author":"Stokke","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Am Coll Cardiol"},{"key":"2026032621013374600_jeag019-B53","author":"Vest"},{"key":"2026032621013374600_jeag019-B54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"133038","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijcard.2025.133038","article-title":"Myocardial contraction fraction predicts outcomes in patients enrolled in the TOPCAT trial","volume":"424","author":"Davis","year":"2025","journal-title":"Int J Cardiol"},{"key":"2026032621013374600_jeag019-B55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1454","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amjcard.2012.01.357","article-title":"Usefulness of the left ventricular myocardial contraction fraction in healthy men and women to predict cardiovascular morbidity and mortality","volume":"109","author":"Chuang","year":"2012","journal-title":"Am J Cardiol"},{"key":"2026032621013374600_jeag019-B56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"198","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.118.034271","article-title":"Sex differences in cardiovascular pathophysiology","volume":"138","author":"Beale","year":"2018","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"2026032621013374600_jeag019-B57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e018574","DOI":"10.1161\/JAHA.120.018574","article-title":"Sex differences in heart failure with preserved ejection fraction","volume":"10","author":"Sotomi","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Am Heart Assoc"},{"key":"2026032621013374600_jeag019-B58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"604","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amjcard.2013.04.028","article-title":"Comparison of three-dimensional echocardiographic findings to those of magnetic resonance imaging for determination of left ventricular mass in patients with ischemic and non-ischemic cardiomyopathy","volume":"112","author":"Kusunose","year":"2013","journal-title":"Am J Cardiol"},{"key":"2026032621013374600_jeag019-B59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"101853","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jocmr.2025.101853","article-title":"Society for cardiovascular magnetic resonance reference values (\u2018normal values\u2019) in cardiovascular magnetic resonance: 2025 update","volume":"27","author":"Kawel-Boehm","year":"2025","journal-title":"J Cardiovasc Magn Reson"},{"key":"2026032621013374600_jeag019-B60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"77","DOI":"10.1007\/s10741-015-9521-8","article-title":"Echocardiographic assessment of left ventricular systolic function: from ejection fraction to torsion","volume":"21","author":"Cameli","year":"2016","journal-title":"Heart Fail Rev"},{"key":"2026032621013374600_jeag019-B61","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"635","DOI":"10.1007\/s40265-021-01486-1","article-title":"Fabry disease: the current treatment landscape","volume":"81","author":"Lenders","year":"2021","journal-title":"Drugs"},{"key":"2026032621013374600_jeag019-B62","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1336","DOI":"10.1002\/jmri.26689","article-title":"Variation in cardiovascular magnetic resonance myocardial contouring: insights from an international survey","volume":"50","author":"Moody","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Magn Reson Imaging"},{"key":"2026032621013374600_jeag019-B63","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"426","DOI":"10.1136\/hrt.2007.123877","article-title":"Left ventricular ejection fraction: are the revised cut-off points for defining systolic dysfunction sufficiently evidence based?","volume":"94","author":"Mahadevan","year":"2007","journal-title":"Heart"}],"container-title":["European Heart Journal - Cardiovascular Imaging"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/ehjcimaging\/advance-article-pdf\/doi\/10.1093\/ehjci\/jeag019\/66543741\/jeag019.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"am","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/ehjcimaging\/article-pdf\/27\/4\/803\/66543741\/jeag019.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/ehjcimaging\/article-pdf\/27\/4\/803\/66543741\/jeag019.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,27]],"date-time":"2026-03-27T01:01:49Z","timestamp":1774573309000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/ehjcimaging\/article\/27\/4\/803\/8438623"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,22]]},"references-count":63,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,22]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,27]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/ehjci\/jeag019","relation":{},"ISSN":["2047-2404","2047-2412"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2047-2404","type":"print"},{"value":"2047-2412","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published-other":{"date-parts":[[2026,4]]},"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,22]]}}}