{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,23]],"date-time":"2026-09-23T22:33:35Z","timestamp":1790202815083,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":27,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,16]],"date-time":"2026-06-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1781568000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/pages\/standard-publication-reuse-rights"}],"funder":[{"name":"Chong Kun Dang Pharm","award":["0620243730"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["0620243730"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Aims<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>End-stage hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM), defined as a left ventricular (LV) ejection fraction (LVEF) &amp;lt; 50%, is associated with poor prognosis; however, predictors of progression remain unclear. We aimed to identify prognostic factors for progression to end-stage HCM.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods and results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We analysed 925 patients with HCM between 2007 and 2023 who underwent \u22651 year of follow-up echocardiography. The primary outcome was progression to end-stage HCM, defined as an LVEF &amp;lt;50% without reversible causes. A cardiovascular magnetic resonance (CMR) subcohort included 491 patients with baseline CMR. During a median follow-up of 6.5 years (interquartile range: 3.3\u201310.7), 35 patients (3.8%) progressed to end-stage HCM [10-year cumulative incidence: 4.4%, 95% confidence interval (CI): 2.5\u20136.2%]. LVEF, LV apical aneurysm, and left atrial (LA) reservoir strain (LARS) were independent predictors of progression to end-stage HCM [per 1% decrease in LARS: adjusted hazard ratio (HR) 1.10, 95% CI 1.04\u20131.17, P &amp;lt; 0.001], and impaired LARS (&amp;lt;16.9%) was associated with a higher risk. In the CMR subcohort, LARS remained an independent predictor after adjusting for late gadolinium enhancement (LGE%) (adjusted HR 1.11, 95% CI 1.02\u20131.20, P = 0.011). Adding LARS to a model including LVEF, LV apical aneurysm, and LA size yielded significant incremental prognostic value (global \u03c72 27.1 to 40.1; P &amp;lt; 0.001). Similar incremental value was observed in models including LGE% in the CMR subcohort. After progression to end-stage HCM, prognosis was poor, with 2-year cardiovascular event\u2013free survival rate of 71.0%.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Progression to end-stage HCM is infrequent but associated with poor prognosis. Impaired LARS independently predicts disease progression beyond conventional markers, supporting its role in risk stratification.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/ehjci\/jeag150","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,16]],"date-time":"2026-06-16T06:09:38Z","timestamp":1781590178000},"page":"1630-1640","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Left atrial reservoir strain for predicting progression to end-stage in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"27","author":[{"given":"Soongu","family":"Kwak","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine , 101 Daehak-ro, Jongno-gu, Seoul, 03080 ,","place":["Republic of Korea"]},{"name":"Division of Cardiology, Cardiovascular Center, Seoul National University Hospital , Seoul ,","place":["Republic of Korea"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Min-Ha","family":"Jeong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine , 101 Daehak-ro, Jongno-gu, Seoul, 03080 ,","place":["Republic of Korea"]},{"name":"Division of Cardiology, Cardiovascular Center, Seoul National University Hospital , Seoul ,","place":["Republic of Korea"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chan Soon","family":"Park","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine , 101 Daehak-ro, Jongno-gu, Seoul, 03080 ,","place":["Republic of Korea"]},{"name":"Division of Cardiology, Cardiovascular Center, Seoul National University Hospital , Seoul ,","place":["Republic of Korea"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hyun-Jung","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine , 101 Daehak-ro, Jongno-gu, Seoul, 03080 ,","place":["Republic of Korea"]},{"name":"Division of Cardiology, Cardiovascular Center, Seoul National University Hospital , Seoul ,","place":["Republic of Korea"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4053-8713","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jun-Bean","family":"Park","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine , 101 Daehak-ro, Jongno-gu, Seoul, 03080 ,","place":["Republic of Korea"]},{"name":"Division of Cardiology, Cardiovascular Center, Seoul National University Hospital , Seoul ,","place":["Republic of Korea"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5502-3977","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Seung-Pyo","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine , 101 Daehak-ro, Jongno-gu, Seoul, 03080 ,","place":["Republic of Korea"]},{"name":"Division of Cardiology, Cardiovascular Center, Seoul National University Hospital , Seoul ,","place":["Republic of Korea"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1366-432X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yong-Jin","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine , 101 Daehak-ro, Jongno-gu, Seoul, 03080 ,","place":["Republic of Korea"]},{"name":"Division of Cardiology, Cardiovascular Center, Seoul National University Hospital , Seoul ,","place":["Republic of Korea"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8729-0933","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Andrew","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Duke University School of Medicine , Durham, NC ,","place":["USA"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7950-2131","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hyung-Kwan","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine , 101 Daehak-ro, Jongno-gu, Seoul, 03080 ,","place":["Republic of Korea"]},{"name":"Division of Cardiology, Cardiovascular Center, Seoul National University Hospital , Seoul ,","place":["Republic of 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global longitudinal strain as a prognosticator in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy with a low-normal left ventricular ejection fraction","volume":"24","author":"Choi","year":"2023","journal-title":"Eur Heart J Cardiovasc Imaging"},{"key":"2026090105465351600_jeag150-B13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"584","DOI":"10.4070\/kcj.2024.0213","article-title":"Prognostic implication of left ventricular global longitudinal strain in patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy and coexisting hypertension","volume":"55","author":"Kwak","year":"2025","journal-title":"Korean Circ J"},{"key":"2026090105465351600_jeag150-B14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"750","DOI":"10.1016\/j.echo.2016.03.013","article-title":"Left atrial function in preclinical diastolic dysfunction: two-dimensional speckle-tracking echocardiography-derived results from the BEFRI trial","volume":"29","author":"Brecht","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Am Soc 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