{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,30]],"date-time":"2025-07-30T11:51:21Z","timestamp":1753876281274,"version":"3.41.2"},"reference-count":10,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,30]],"date-time":"2021-07-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1627603200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":29,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Transcatheter aortic valve implantation inside a previously implanted bioprosthesis is an alternative treatment for patients with degenerated surgical aortic bioprosthesis (AB) at high surgical risk. Pre-operative computed tomography (CT) scan provides essential information to the procedure planning, although in case of acute presentation it is not always feasible.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Case summary<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>A 32-year-old man with history of surgical treatment of aortic coarctation and Bio-Bentall procedure was transferred to our department in cardiogenic shock with a suspected diagnosis of acute myocarditis. A transthoracic echocardiogram (TTE) revealed a severely impaired biventricular function and AB degeneration causing severe stenosis. It was decided to undertake an urgent trans-apical valve-in-valve (ViV) procedure. Due to haemodynamic instability, a preoperative CT scan was not performed and transoesophageal echocardiography (TOE) was the main intraprocedural guiding imaging technique. Neither intraprocedural nor periprocedural complications occurred. Serial post-procedural TTE exams showed good functioning of the bioprosthesis and progressive improvement of left ventricular ejection fraction. Patient was discharged from the hospital 8 days after the intervention.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Discussion<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>A patient with cardiogenic shock due to severe degeneration of the AB was treated with urgent transapical ViV procedure. In this case, where urgent ViV technique was needed, TOE appeared to be a crucial alternative to CT scan and allowed us to perform a successful procedure.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/ehjcr\/ytab229","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,30]],"date-time":"2021-07-30T09:49:46Z","timestamp":1627638586000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Transoesophageal echocardiography-guided \u2018primary\u2019 valve-in-valve technique in cardiogenic shock: a case report"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"5","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5208-9332","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Vincenzo","family":"Polizzi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiac Surgery and Heart Transplantation, S. Camillo Hospital, Circonvallazione Gianicolense, 87, 00149 Rome, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Joseph","family":"Cosma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiac Surgery and Heart Transplantation, S. Camillo Hospital, Circonvallazione Gianicolense, 87, 00149 Rome, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Antonio","family":"Cammardella","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiac Surgery and Heart Transplantation, S. Camillo Hospital, Circonvallazione Gianicolense, 87, 00149 Rome, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Federico","family":"Ranocchi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiac Surgery and Heart Transplantation, S. Camillo Hospital, Circonvallazione Gianicolense, 87, 00149 Rome, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Francesco","family":"Musumeci","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiac Surgery and Heart Transplantation, S. Camillo Hospital, Circonvallazione Gianicolense, 87, 00149 Rome, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,30]]},"reference":[{"key":"2021073009493683400_ytab229-B1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"97","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2009.06.060","article-title":"Transcatheter aortic valve implantation for stenosed and regurgitant aortic valve bioprostheses CoreValve for failed bioprosthetic aortic valve replacements","volume":"55","author":"Khawaja","year":"2010","journal-title":"J Am Coll Cardiol"},{"key":"2021073009493683400_ytab229-B2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"689","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCINTERVENTIONS.112.972331","article-title":"Valve-in-Valve Implantation of Medtronic CoreValve Prosthesis in Patients with Failing Bioprosthetic Aortic Valves","volume":"5","author":"Linke","year":"2012","journal-title":"Circ Cardiovasc Interv"},{"key":"2021073009493683400_ytab229-B3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"733","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcin.2011.05.007","article-title":"Transcatheter aortic valve implantation for failing surgical aortic bioprosthetic valve: from concept to clinical application and evaluation (part 2)","volume":"4","author":"Piazza","year":"2011","journal-title":"JACC Cardiovasc Interv"},{"key":"2021073009493683400_ytab229-B4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"364","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejcts.2003.12.013","article-title":"Late incidence and determinants of reoperation in patients with prosthetic heart valves","volume":"25","author":"Ruel","year":"2004","journal-title":"European Journal of Cardio-Thoracic Surgery"},{"key":"2021073009493683400_ytab229-B5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"268","DOI":"10.1067\/mtc.2001.112208","article-title":"Late results of heart valve replacement with the Hancock II bioprosthesis","volume":"121","author":"David","year":"2001","journal-title":"J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg"},{"key":"2021073009493683400_ytab229-B6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"384","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2004.01.053","article-title":"Durability of pericardial versus porcine aortic valves","volume":"44","author":"Gao","year":"2004","journal-title":"J Am Coll Cardiol"},{"key":"2021073009493683400_ytab229-B7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1647","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.113.002003","article-title":"Long-term safety and effectiveness of mechanical versus biologic aortic valve prostheses in older patients: results from the Society of Thoracic Surgeons Adult Cardiac Surgery National Database","volume":"127","author":"Brennan","year":"2013","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"2021073009493683400_ytab229-B8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"913","DOI":"10.1067\/mtc.2001.116470","article-title":"Repeat heart valve surgery: risk factors for operative mortality","volume":"122","author":"Jones","year":"2001","journal-title":"J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg"},{"key":"2021073009493683400_ytab229-B9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"134","DOI":"10.1016\/S1010-7940(99)00363-2","article-title":"Reoperative surgery for degenerated aortic bioprostheses: predictors for emergency surgery and reoperative mortality","volume":"17","author":"Vogt","year":"2000","journal-title":"Eur J Cardiothorac Surg"},{"year":"2017","author":"Lama","key":"2021073009493683400_ytab229-B10"}],"container-title":["European Heart Journal - 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