{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,30]],"date-time":"2025-07-30T11:48:23Z","timestamp":1753876103996,"version":"3.41.2"},"reference-count":12,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,11]],"date-time":"2022-02-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1644537600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":10,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Cardiac rhabdomyoma are the most common cardiac tumour in childhood and are associated with tuberous sclerosis complex (TSC) up to 96% of infant cases. They classically manifest in the foetal and neonatal period, undergo spontaneous regression in the first years of life and are associated with arrhythmia in part due to interruption of normal conduction pathways by the tumour.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Case summary<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>We present a case of a 3-year-old boy with a long-standing history of atrial ectopy who was incidentally found to be in atrial flutter due to a new, rapidly growing cardiac rhabdomyoma impacting ventricular function. The boy was later confirmed with further investigation and TSC1 gene test to have TSC.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Discussion<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Cardiac Rhabdomyoma does not always present in the infantile period. Any ongoing or new cardiac concern in patient with TSC, even if seemingly minor, should warrant more frequent cardiac evaluation and investigation.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/ehjcr\/ytac068","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,11]],"date-time":"2022-02-11T17:28:10Z","timestamp":1644600490000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Innocent until proven guilty? Longstanding atrial ectopy preceding cardiac rhabdomyoma diagnosis in tuberous sclerosis complex: a case report"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"6","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2798-3831","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Alison J","family":"Howell","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Cardiology, Department of Pediatrics, The Hospital for Sick Children, University of Toronto, 555 University Ave, Toronto, M5G 1X8, Ontario, Canada"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Rachel D","family":"Vanderlaan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Cardiovascular Surgery, Department of Surgery, The Hospital for Sick Children, 555 University Ave, Toronto, M5G 1X8, Ontario, Canada"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4605-5600","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Christopher Z","family":"Lam","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Diagnostic Imaging, The Hospital for Sick Children, 555 University Ave, Toronto, M5G 1X8, Ontario, Canada"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Katie L","family":"Losenno","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Cardiology, Department of Pediatrics, The Hospital for Sick Children, University of Toronto, 555 University Ave, Toronto, M5G 1X8, Ontario, Canada"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Juan","family":"Putra","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Pathology, Department of Pediatric Laboratory Medicine, The Hospital for Sick Children, 555 University Ave, Toronto, M5G 1X8, Ontario, Canada"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8260-9324","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Olivier","family":"Villemain","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Cardiology, Department of Pediatrics, The Hospital for Sick Children, University of Toronto, 555 University Ave, Toronto, M5G 1X8, Ontario, Canada"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,11]]},"reference":[{"key":"2022021813401975000_ytac068-B1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"657","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(08)61279-9","article-title":"Tuberous sclerosis","volume":"372","author":"Curatolo","year":"2008","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"2022021813401975000_ytac068-B2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1247","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9149(90)91109-J","article-title":"Natural history of cardiac rhabdomyoma in infancy and childhood","volume":"66","author":"Smythe","year":"1990","journal-title":"Am J Cardiol"},{"key":"2022021813401975000_ytac068-B3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"553","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacep.2017.12.019","article-title":"Multiple accessory pathways in an infant with cardiac rhabdomyomas and tuberous 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complex","volume":"118","author":"J\u00f3\u017awiak","year":"2006","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"key":"2022021813401975000_ytac068-B9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2","DOI":"10.1186\/s13023-016-0553-5","article-title":"TuberOus SClerosis registry to increase disease Awareness (TOSCA)\u2014baseline data on 2093 patients","volume":"12","author":"Kingswood","year":"2017","journal-title":"Orphanet J Rare Dis"},{"key":"2022021813401975000_ytac068-B10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"442","DOI":"10.1016\/j.acvd.2012.01.009","article-title":"Cardiac rhabdomyomas in tuberous sclerosis patients: a case report and review of the literature","volume":"105","author":"Benyounes","year":"2012","journal-title":"Arch Cardiovasc Dis"},{"key":"2022021813401975000_ytac068-B11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"396","DOI":"10.1017\/S1047951115001183","article-title":"New-onset cardiac rhabdomyoma beyond infancy in a patient with tuberous sclerosis complex","volume":"26","author":"Thatte","year":"2016","journal-title":"Cardiol Young"},{"key":"2022021813401975000_ytac068-B12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1092","DOI":"10.1053\/hupa.2002.129418","article-title":"Adult cellular rhabdomyoma of the heart: a report of 3 cases","volume":"33","author":"Burke","year":"2002","journal-title":"Hum Pathol"}],"container-title":["European Heart Journal - Case 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