{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,17]],"date-time":"2026-05-17T07:51:36Z","timestamp":1779004296896,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":9,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,13]],"date-time":"2022-05-13T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1652400000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":12,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>The pathological involvement of the heart is frequent in SARS-Coronavirus-2 infection (COVID-19) with various clinical and echocardiographic manifestations during the course of the disease.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Case summary<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>A 69-year-old female patient with severe COVID-19-related acute respiratory distress syndrome undergoing mechanical ventilation developed acute left ventricular dysfunction, that successfully improved with vasoactive therapy. After 5 days, she suddenly developed hemodynamic instability due to acute onset of pericardial effusion, which required emergency pericardiocentesis. Ultrasound-guided parasternal pericardiocentesis with high-frequency linear probe and lateral-to-medial in-plane approach was performed by inserting a central venous catheter using a Seldinger technique. 700\u2005mL of serous fluid was drained resolving the acute critical state.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Discussion<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Pericardial effusion with cardiac tamponade is a rare manifestation of Covid-19. Despite the diffusion of echocardiography, emergency cardiac procedures could be particularly difficult to be performed in a pandemic scenario of limited resources and the heterogeneous skills of the professional figures involved in the management of COVID-19 patients. The spread of expertise in ultrasound-guided vascular cannulation makes this approach attractive for anesthesiologists, emergency medicine and critical care specialists too. Furthermore in this pericardiocentesis\u2019 technique, the high-frequency linear probe adds optimal spatial resolution to maintain a close control of the needle\u2019s direction. However the need of a good parasternal view and a deep ultrasound knowledge are crucial to avoid iatrogenic complications. In conclusion, ultrasound-guided lateral-to-medial parasternal pericardiocentesis with high-frequency linear probe is an alternative to treat potential lethal acute haemodynamic instability due to cardiac tamponade.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/ehjcr\/ytac203","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,13]],"date-time":"2022-05-13T13:26:26Z","timestamp":1652448386000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Ultrasound emergency lateral-to-medial parasternal pericardiocentesis with high frequency probe in COVID-19: a case report"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"6","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9718-9943","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Baldassare","family":"Ferro","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Anestesia e Rianimazione Spedali Riuniti Livorno ATNO , Viale Alfieri 1 cap, 57124 Livorno , Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0032-8930","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lara","family":"Vegnuti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Anestesia e Rianimazione Spedali Riuniti Livorno ATNO , Viale Alfieri 1 cap, 57124 Livorno , Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Orazio","family":"Santonocito","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Neurochirurgia Livorno Spedali Riuniti ATNO , Viale Alfieri 1, 57124 Livorno , Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Paolo","family":"Roncucci","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Anestesia e Rianimazione Spedali Riuniti Livorno ATNO , Viale Alfieri 1 cap, 57124 Livorno , Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,13]]},"reference":[{"key":"2022060712004297900_ytac203-B1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1547.e5","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajem.2020.04.080","article-title":"COVID-19 myopericarditis: it should be kept in mind in today\u2019s conditions","volume":"38","author":"Cizgici","year":"2020","journal-title":"Am J Emerg Med"},{"key":"2022060712004297900_ytac203-B2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"831","DOI":"10.1001\/jamacardio.2020.1286","article-title":"Potential effects of coronaviruses on the cardiovascular system","volume":"5","author":"Madjid","year":"2020","journal-title":"JAMA Cardiol"},{"key":"2022060712004297900_ytac203-B3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"819","DOI":"10.1001\/jamacardio.2020.1096","article-title":"Cardiac involvement in a patient with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)","volume":"5","author":"Inciardi","year":"2020","journal-title":"JAMA Cardiol"},{"key":"2022060712004297900_ytac203-B4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"647","DOI":"10.1016\/S0025-6196(11)64888-X","article-title":"Echocardiographically-guided pericardiocentesis: evolution and state-of-the-art technique","volume":"73","author":"Tsang","year":"1998","journal-title":"Mayo Clin Proc"},{"key":"2022060712004297900_ytac203-B5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1093\/ehjcr\/ytaa287","article-title":"Pericardial effusion in patients with COVID-19: case series","volume":"4","author":"Sauer","year":"2020","journal-title":"Eur Heart J Case Rep"},{"key":"2022060712004297900_ytac203-B6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2921","DOI":"10.1093\/eurheartj\/ehv318","article-title":"2015 ESC Guidelines for the diagnosis and management of pericardial diseases: the Task Force for the Diagnosis and Management of Pericardial Diseases of the European Society of Cardiology (ESC)Endorsed by: The European Association for Cardio-Thoracic Surgery (EACTS)","volume":"36","author":"Adler","year":"2015","journal-title":"Eur Heart J"},{"key":"2022060712004297900_ytac203-B7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2279","DOI":"10.1093\/eurheartj\/ehu217","article-title":"Triage strategy for urgent management of cardiac tamponade: a position statement of the European Society of Cardiology Working Group on Myocardial and Pericardial Diseases","volume":"35","author":"Risti\u0107","year":"2014","journal-title":"Eur Heart J"},{"issue":"1","key":"2022060712004297900_ytac203-B8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9","DOI":"10.1186\/s13089-022-00259-5","article-title":"Pericardiocentesis: ultrasound guidance is essential","volume":"14","author":"Blanco","year":"2022","journal-title":"Ultrasound J"},{"key":"2022060712004297900_ytac203-B9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"322","DOI":"10.1097\/MEJ.0000000000000471","article-title":"Ultrasound-guided pericardiocentesis: a novel parasternal approach","volume":"25","author":"Osman","year":"2018","journal-title":"Eur J Emerg Med"}],"container-title":["European Heart Journal - 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