{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,30]],"date-time":"2025-07-30T11:50:50Z","timestamp":1753876250219,"version":"3.41.2"},"reference-count":8,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,5]],"date-time":"2022-09-05T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1662336000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":4,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>Haemoptysis is a rare symptom associated with endocarditis. We describe the unusual clinical manifestation of endocarditis on regurgitant bicuspid aortic valve and (probably) secondarily on a perimembranous ventricular septal defect (VSD) as massive haemoptysis.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Case summary<\/jats:title><jats:p>A 24-year-old male with aortic coarctation, bicuspid aortic valve, and VSD since birth. Previously asymptomatic, he came after an episode of haemoptysis. A computed tomography (CT) scan showed a cavitated lesion in lung. Streptococo viridans was identified in serial blood cultures. Transthoracic echocardiography showed a bicuspid aortic valve with vegetations, suggesting infectious involvement, and severe aortic insufficiency. Transoesophageal echocardiography (TEE) study showed a bicuspid aortic valve with complete fusion of coronary valves. An elongated oscillating tumour, 9.5\u2005mm in length, was observed in the centre of the ventricular side of the non-coronary valve. Another vegetation was seen on the VSD. During his hospital stay and under antibiotic treatment, he reported abdominal pain. Computed tomography examination showed splenic infarction. In the echocardiogram no vegetation masses were observed on the aortic valve or on the VSD closure aneurysm.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Discussion<\/jats:title><jats:p>The main debate about this patient\u2019s treatment concerned the indication of surgery, especially after the onset of fever with splenic septic embolism while under appropriate antibiotic treatment. He was stable, with no signs of heart failure and the echocardiogram repeated after the septic splenic embolism showed no residual vegetations on the aortic valve or VSD, and the TEE study ruled out a local complication. Finally, the multidisciplinary team decided against surgical management.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/ehjcr\/ytac350","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,5]],"date-time":"2022-09-05T03:08:55Z","timestamp":1662347335000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Infective endocarditis on interventricular communication as cause of massive haemoptysis: a case report"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"6","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5678-6810","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Diego Jos\u00e9","family":"Rodr\u00edguez Torres","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Hospital Universitario Virgen de las Nieves , Granada , Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Diego","family":"Segura-Rodr\u00edguez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hospital Universitario San Cecilio , Granada , Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Eduardo Moreno","family":"Escobar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hospital Universitario San Cecilio , Granada , Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Roc\u00edo Garc\u00eda","family":"Orta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hospital Universitario Virgen de las Nieves , Granada , Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,5]]},"reference":[{"key":"2023022216060009000_","first-page":"3075","article-title":"ESC guidelines for the management of infective endocarditis the task force for the management of infective endocarditis of the European society of cardiology (ESC)","volume":"36","author":"Habib G, Lancellotti P, Antunes MJ, Bongiorni MG, Casalta JP, Del Zotti F, Dulgheru R, El Khoury G, Erba PA, Iung B, Miro JM, Mulder BJ, Plonska-Gosciniak E, Price S, Roos-Hesselink J, Snygg-Martin U, Thuny F, Tornos Mas P, Vilacosta I, Zamorano JL.","year":"2015","journal-title":"Eur Heart J"},{"key":"2023022216060009000_","first-page":"111","article-title":"Infective endocarditis in an adult with congenital interventricular communication as cause of lung embolism: case report","volume":"44","author":"Maydana","year":"2015","journal-title":"Rev Fed Arg Cardiol"},{"key":"2023022216060009000_","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e1568","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.e1568","article-title":"Fever and haemoptysis in an injecting drug user","volume":"344","author":"Luther","year":"2012","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"key":"2023022216060009000_","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"401","DOI":"10.1016\/j.arcped.2015.01.015","article-title":"Multiple pulmonary emboli complicating infective endocarditis in a child with congenital heart disease","volume":"22","author":"Ajdakar","year":"2015","journal-title":"Arch Pediatr"},{"key":"2023022216060009000_","first-page":"371","article-title":"Ventricular septal defect and aortic valvular endoarteritis, cause of systemic and pulmonary embolism","volume":"75","author":"Aguilar","year":"2005","journal-title":"Arch Cardiol Mex"},{"key":"2023022216060009000_","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"985","DOI":"10.1093\/oxfordjournals.eurheartj.a061799","article-title":"Pulmonary mycotic aneurysms secondary to infective endocarditis in a patient with a persistent ductus arteriosus and partial anomalous pulmonary venous drainage","volume":"6","author":"Caplin","year":"1985","journal-title":"Eur Heart J"},{"key":"2023022216060009000_","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"563","DOI":"10.1093\/eurheartj\/ehaa554","article-title":"2020 ESC guidelines for the management of adult congenital heart disease","volume":"42","author":"Baumgartner","year":"2021","journal-title":"Eur Heart J"},{"key":"2023022216060009000_","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"147","DOI":"10.1053\/j.pcsu.2006.02.020","article-title":"Ventricular septal defect and aortic valve regurgitation: pathophysiology and indications for surgery","volume":"9","author":"Tweddell","year":"2006","journal-title":"Semin Thorac Cardiovasc Surg Pediatr Card Surg Annu"}],"container-title":["European Heart Journal - 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