{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,20]],"date-time":"2025-12-20T22:32:45Z","timestamp":1766269965874,"version":"3.41.2"},"reference-count":17,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,28]],"date-time":"2022-11-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1669593600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,27]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy in identical twins is rare. Cases of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy with homogenous and heterogeneous phenotypes have been described in the literature.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Case summary<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>We report a pair of monozygotic twins (Twin A and Twin B) with identical morphological expression of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy. On initial evaluation, both twins had resting left ventricular outflow tract obstruction, Grade II diastolic dysfunction, and New York Heart Association (NYHA) Class II symptoms, but they had a different clinical course afterward. Twin A progressed from NYHA Class II to Class III with a high left ventricular outflow tract pressure gradient that was unresponsive to medical treatment and required alcohol septal ablation. Twin B responded very well to medical treatment. Both patients had no risk factors for sudden cardiac death, and neither required an implantable cardioverter defibrillator.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Discussion<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>The morphology of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy has a strong genetic basis, but epigenetic factors may affect disease expression.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/ehjcr\/ytac452","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,28]],"date-time":"2022-11-28T06:52:22Z","timestamp":1669618342000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy in identical twins: a case series"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"7","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9710-7610","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Muddasir","family":"Ashraf","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Aurora Cardiovascular and Thoracic Services, Aurora Sinai\/Aurora St. Luke\u2019s Medical Centers, Advocate Aurora Health , 2801 W. Kinnickinnic River Parkway, Ste. 880, Milwaukee, WI 53215 , USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7388-9205","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Fatima","family":"Samad","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Aurora Cardiovascular and Thoracic Services, Aurora Sinai\/Aurora St. Luke\u2019s Medical Centers, Advocate Aurora Health , 2801 W. Kinnickinnic River Parkway, Ste. 880, Milwaukee, WI 53215 , USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5582-3336","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Arshad","family":"Jahangir","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Aurora Cardiovascular and Thoracic Services, Aurora Sinai\/Aurora St. Luke\u2019s Medical Centers, Advocate Aurora Health , 2801 W. Kinnickinnic River Parkway, Ste. 880, Milwaukee, WI 53215 , USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5072-710X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Muhammad Fuad","family":"Jan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Aurora Cardiovascular and Thoracic Services, Aurora Sinai\/Aurora St. Luke\u2019s Medical Centers, Advocate Aurora Health , 2801 W. Kinnickinnic River Parkway, Ste. 880, Milwaukee, WI 53215 , USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5952-7996","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Patrycja","family":"Galazka","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Aurora Cardiovascular and Thoracic Services, Aurora Sinai\/Aurora St. Luke\u2019s Medical Centers, Advocate Aurora Health , 2801 W. Kinnickinnic River Parkway, Ste. 880, Milwaukee, WI 53215 , USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4784-1275","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Abdul Jamil","family":"Tajik","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Aurora Cardiovascular and Thoracic Services, Aurora Sinai\/Aurora St. Luke\u2019s Medical Centers, Advocate Aurora Health , 2801 W. Kinnickinnic River Parkway, Ste. 880, Milwaukee, WI 53215 , USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,28]]},"reference":[{"key":"2022122714040463800_ytac452-B1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"390","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2021.11.021","article-title":"Management of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy: JACC state-of-the-art review","volume":"79","author":"Maron","year":"2022","journal-title":"J Am Coll Cardiol"},{"key":"2022122714040463800_ytac452-B2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1012","DOI":"10.1016\/j.hrthm.2021.01.019","article-title":"Evolution of risk stratification and sudden death prevention in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy: twenty years with the implantable cardioverter-defibrillator","volume":"18","author":"Maron","year":"2021","journal-title":"Heart Rhythm"},{"key":"2022122714040463800_ytac452-B3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"192","DOI":"10.1038\/gim.2016.90","article-title":"Reassessment of Mendelian gene pathogenicity using 7,855 cardiomyopathy cases and 60,706 reference samples","volume":"19","author":"Walsh","year":"2017","journal-title":"Genet Med"},{"key":"2022122714040463800_ytac452-B4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1147","DOI":"10.1136\/hrt.34.11.1147","article-title":"Twin studies in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy","volume":"34","author":"Littler","year":"1972","journal-title":"Br Heart J"},{"key":"2022122714040463800_ytac452-B5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"161","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-8703(49)90562-1","article-title":"The ventricular complex in left ventricular hypertrophy as obtained by unipolar precordial and limb leads","volume":"37","author":"Sokolow","year":"1949","journal-title":"Am Heart J"},{"key":"2022122714040463800_ytac452-B6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"64","DOI":"10.1177\/003693300204700306","article-title":"Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy with shared morphology in identical twins: a case report","volume":"47","author":"Wylie","year":"2002","journal-title":"Scott Med J"},{"key":"2022122714040463800_ytac452-B7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"327","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1096-8628(20000424)91:5<327::AID-AJMG1>3.0.CO;2-S","article-title":"Situs inversus with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy in identical twins","volume":"91","author":"Agirbasli","year":"2000","journal-title":"Am J Med Genet"},{"key":"2022122714040463800_ytac452-B8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2229","DOI":"10.1161\/01.CIR.0000013097.84796.2A","article-title":"Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy in monozygotic twins","volume":"105","author":"Maron","year":"2002","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"2022122714040463800_ytac452-B9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1109","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amjcard.2005.10.059","article-title":"Identical twins with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy and apical aneurysm","volume":"97","author":"Zenovich","year":"2006","journal-title":"Am J Cardiol"},{"key":"2022122714040463800_ytac452-B10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"16","DOI":"10.1186\/s12872-015-0007-3","article-title":"Synchronous cardiac arrest in monozygotic twins with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy\u2014is sudden cardiac death genetically pre-programmed?","volume":"15","author":"Goh","year":"2015","journal-title":"BMC Cardiovasc Disord"},{"key":"2022122714040463800_ytac452-B11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"135","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amjcard.2020.04.020","article-title":"Adult monozygotic twins with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy and identical disease expression and clinical course","volume":"127","author":"Maron","year":"2020","journal-title":"Am J Cardiol"},{"key":"2022122714040463800_ytac452-B12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"783","DOI":"10.1378\/chest.102.3.783","article-title":"Idiopathic hypertrophic cardiomyopathy in identical twins. Morphological heterogeneity of the left ventricle","volume":"102","author":"Ko","year":"1992","journal-title":"Chest"},{"key":"2022122714040463800_ytac452-B13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"751","DOI":"10.1136\/heart.89.7.751","article-title":"Different presentation of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy in monozygotic twins","volume":"89","author":"Palka","year":"2003","journal-title":"Heart"},{"key":"2022122714040463800_ytac452-B14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCIMAGING.116.004794","article-title":"Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy in a monozygotic twin pair: similarly different","volume":"9","author":"Kovacs","year":"2016","journal-title":"Circ Cardiovasc Imaging"},{"key":"2022122714040463800_ytac452-B15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"477","DOI":"10.1536\/ihj.18-167","article-title":"Different clinical presentation and tissue characterization in a monozygotic twin pair with MYH7 mutation-related hypertrophic cardiomyopathy","volume":"60","author":"Wang","year":"2019","journal-title":"Int Heart J"},{"key":"2022122714040463800_ytac452-B16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.2021717118","article-title":"Discordant clinical features of identical hypertrophic cardiomyopathy twins","volume":"118","author":"Repetti","year":"2021","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci USA"},{"key":"2022122714040463800_ytac452-B17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"135","DOI":"10.1038\/s41588-020-00764-0","article-title":"Common genetic variants and modifiable risk factors underpin hypertrophic cardiomyopathy susceptibility and expressivity","volume":"53","author":"Harper","year":"2021","journal-title":"Nat Genet"}],"container-title":["European Heart Journal - Case Reports"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/ehjcr\/advance-article-pdf\/doi\/10.1093\/ehjcr\/ytac452\/47362133\/ytac452.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"am","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/ehjcr\/article-pdf\/7\/1\/ytac452\/48422978\/ytac452.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/ehjcr\/article-pdf\/7\/1\/ytac452\/48422978\/ytac452.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,27]],"date-time":"2022-12-27T14:04:24Z","timestamp":1672149864000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/ehjcr\/article\/doi\/10.1093\/ehjcr\/ytac452\/6848945"}},"subtitle":[],"editor":[{"given":"Belinda","family":"Grey","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"editor","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Giacomo Tini","family":"Melato","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"editor","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Stefano","family":"Nistri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"editor","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"William","family":"Crawford","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"editor","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Abdullah","family":"Abdullah","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"editor","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,28]]},"references-count":17,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,27]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/ehjcr\/ytac452","relation":{},"ISSN":["2514-2119"],"issn-type":[{"type":"electronic","value":"2514-2119"}],"subject":[],"published-other":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,1]]},"published":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,28]]},"article-number":"ytac452"}}