{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,18]],"date-time":"2026-05-18T11:25:38Z","timestamp":1779103538464,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":10,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,16]],"date-time":"2022-12-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1671148800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,27]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Cardiac trichinellosis is unusual and it is associated with high mortality. We report a case of Trichinella pericarditis complicated by a large pericardial effusion and cardiac tamponade in a setting where the aetiologic diagnosis of pericardial disease is challenging.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Case summary<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>A 27-year-old immune-competent male patient from Cameroon consulted for pleuritic chest pain associated with fever, dry cough, and gradually worsening dyspnoea on exertion of 1-month duration. Upon admission, his blood pressure was 100\/73\u2005mmHg, the heart rate was 130\/min. The clinical examination revealed a pericardial friction rub, jugular venous distension, and tender hepatomegaly. There was no lower extremity oedema. The diagnosis of pericarditis was made. A two-dimensional transthoracic echocardiogram performed showed a moderate fibrinous circumferential pericardial effusion with echocardiographic signs of tamponade. Pericardiocentesis was performed and analysis of the fluid revealed multiple, motile, roundworms which were identified as Trichinella spiralis, a nematode parasite. There was no eosinophilia on complete blood count. He was treated with Albendazole 800\u2005mg daily per os. His clinical condition improved with resolution of the symptoms and a reduction in the size of the pericardial effusion.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Discussion<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Trichinella spiralis is a rare cause of pericarditis which can be life-threatening. With the existing challenges in diagnosing the aetiology of pericardial disease in African resource-limited setting, the diagnosis can be missed leading to fatal outcomes.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/ehjcr\/ytac480","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,16]],"date-time":"2022-12-16T13:04:03Z","timestamp":1671195843000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["A case report of <i>Trichinella spiralis<\/i> pericarditis: an unusual cause of pericardial effusion and cardiac tamponade in an immunocompetent urban black African"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"7","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2617-6712","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Clovis","family":"Nkoke","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Buea, Buea , Cameroon"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Siddikatou","family":"Djibrilla","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Buea, Buea , Cameroon"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ronald","family":"Gobina","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Buea, Buea , Cameroon"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Anastase","family":"Dzudie","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University of Yaounde 1 , Yaounde , Cameroon"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,16]]},"reference":[{"key":"2023011317325196600_ytac480-B1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"180","DOI":"10.1136\/heartjnl-2018-313922","article-title":"Epidemiology of pericardial diseases in Africa: a systematic scoping review","volume":"105","author":"Noubiap","year":"2019","journal-title":"Heart"},{"key":"2023011317325196600_ytac480-B2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"71","DOI":"10.1038\/32160","article-title":"A molecular evolutionary framework for the phylum Nematoda","volume":"392","author":"Blaxter","year":"1998","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"2023011317325196600_ytac480-B3","first-page":"1","article-title":"Trichinella spiralis \u2013 associated myocarditis mimicking acute myocardial infarction","volume":"4","author":"Mohib","year":"2020","journal-title":"Acta Clin Belg"},{"key":"2023011317325196600_ytac480-B4","first-page":"735","volume-title":"Evidence-Based Cardiology","author":"Mayosi","year":"2003","edition":"2nd ed"},{"key":"2023011317325196600_ytac480-B5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"65","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fm.2016.12.012","article-title":"Meat sources of infection for outbreaks of human trichinellosis","volume":"64","author":"Rostami","year":"2017","journal-title":"Food Microbiol"},{"key":"2023011317325196600_ytac480-B6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"66","DOI":"10.4269\/ajtmh.1999.60.66","article-title":"Trichinellosis in the United States, 1991\u20131996: declining but not gone","volume":"60","author":"Moorhead","year":"1999","journal-title":"Am J Trop Med Hyg"},{"key":"2023011317325196600_ytac480-B7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"194","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0404.1988.tb03645.x","article-title":"Bilateral facial paralysis secondary to trichinosis","volume":"78","author":"Lopez-Lozano","year":"1988","journal-title":"Acta Neurol Scand"},{"key":"2023011317325196600_ytac480-B8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"231","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9149(72)90634-0","article-title":"The role of viruses in the production of heart disease","volume":"29","author":"Burch","year":"1972","journal-title":"Am J Cardiol"},{"key":"2023011317325196600_ytac480-B9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"127","DOI":"10.1128\/CMR.00026-08","article-title":"Epidemiology, diagnosis, treatment, and control of trichinellosis","volume":"22","author":"Gottstein","year":"2009","journal-title":"Clin Microbiol Rev"},{"key":"2023011317325196600_ytac480-B10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1117","DOI":"10.1517\/14656566.3.8.1117","article-title":"Opinion on the diagnosis and treatment of human trichinellosis","volume":"3","author":"Dupouy-Camet","year":"2002","journal-title":"Expert Opin Pharmacother"}],"container-title":["European Heart Journal - 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