{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,30]],"date-time":"2026-01-30T02:04:58Z","timestamp":1769738698623,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":12,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,18]],"date-time":"2023-08-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1692316800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":17,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>The association among aortic valve stenosis, gastrointestinal bleeding, and anaemia due to arteriovenous malformations, known as Heyde\u2019s syndrome (HS), is poorly understood and controversial. Recently, acquired Type 2A von Willebrand syndrome (vWS 2A) was shown to be the most likely aetiological mechanism of anaemia.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Case summary<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>We report two cases of HS in whom the percutaneous replacement of the aortic valve was resolutive for iron deficiency anaemia.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Discussion<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Iron deficiency anaemia and aortic stenosis are a common association in the elderly, so much that frequently; in such cases, the correction of the valvulopathy is often excluded as pre-operative anaemia is associated with higher morbidity and mortality. From this perspective, the correct diagnosis of HS is crucial to guide the decision to correct valvulopathy, as valvular substitution is resolutive for both anaemic disorders and aortic stenosis<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/ehjcr\/ytad412","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,18]],"date-time":"2023-08-18T15:43:46Z","timestamp":1692373426000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Gastrointestinal bleeding associated to aortic valve stenosis (Heyde\u2019s syndrome): a case series and literature review"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"7","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2582-6672","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Caterina Chiara","family":"De Carlini","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Cardiology Division, Cardiovascular Department, S.PIO XI Hospital , Largo Mazzini 1, 20832 Desio (MB) , Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Edoardo","family":"Cant\u00f9","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cardiology Division, Cardiovascular Department, San L. Mandic Hospital , Merate (Lc) , Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Nicoletta","family":"Erba","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hematology Division, Salam Center for Cardiac Surgery , Khartoum , Sudan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Stefano","family":"Maggiolini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cardiology Division, Cardiovascular Department, San L. Mandic Hospital , Merate (Lc) , Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,18]]},"reference":[{"key":"2024022216310733900_ytad412-B1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e000866","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjgast-2021-000866","article-title":"Heyde\u2019s syndrome: a systematic review of case reports","volume":"9","author":"Saha","year":"2022","journal-title":"BMJ Open Gastro"},{"key":"2024022216310733900_ytad412-B2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"196","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM195807242590416","article-title":"Gastrointestinal bleeding in aortic stenosis (letter)","volume":"259","author":"Heyde","year":"1958","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"2024022216310733900_ytad412-B3","first-page":"713","article-title":"An association between aortic stenosis and gastrointestinal bleeding","volume":"13","author":"Pate","year":"2004","journal-title":"J Heart Valve Dis"},{"key":"2024022216310733900_ytad412-B4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"987","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2012.10.041","article-title":"Heyde\u2019s syndrome incidence and outcome in patients undergoing transcatheter aortic valve implantation","volume":"61","author":"Godino","year":"2013","journal-title":"J Am Coll Cardiol"},{"key":"2024022216310733900_ytad412-B5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"343","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa022831","article-title":"Acquired von Willebrand syndrome in aortic stenosis","volume":"349","author":"Vincitelli","year":"2003","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"2024022216310733900_ytad412-B6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1821","DOI":"10.1001\/archinte.163.15.1821","article-title":"Increased prevalence of aortic stenosis in patients with arteriovenous malformations of the gastrointestinal tract in Heyde syndrome","volume":"163","author":"Batur","year":"2003","journal-title":"Arch Intern Med"},{"key":"2024022216310733900_ytad412-B7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1954","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMcibr1205363","article-title":"From clinical observation to mechanism-Heyde\u2019s syndrome","volume":"367","author":"Loscalzo","year":"2012","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"2024022216310733900_ytad412-B8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"267","DOI":"10.1093\/ageing\/afp019","article-title":"Heyde syndrome: a common diagnosis in older patients with severe aortic stenosis","volume":"38","author":"Massyn","year":"2009","journal-title":"Age Ageing"},{"key":"2024022216310733900_ytad412-B9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1939","DOI":"10.1007\/s00392-021-01905-z","article-title":"Heyde syndrome: prevalence and outcomes in patients undergoing transcatheter aortic valve implantation","volume":"110","author":"Waldschmidt","year":"2021","journal-title":"Clin Res Cardiol"},{"key":"2024022216310733900_ytad412-B10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e011848","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCINTERVENTIONS.122.011848","article-title":"Reduction of gastrointestinal bleeding in patients with Heyde syndrome undergoing transcatheter aortic valve implantation","volume":"15","author":"Goltstein","year":"2022","journal-title":"Circ Cardiovasc Interv"},{"key":"2024022216310733900_ytad412-B11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"76","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amjcard.2022.04.053","article-title":"Impact of transcatheter aortic valve implantation on severe gastrointestinal bleeding in patients with aortic stenosis","volume":"177","author":"Brown","year":"2022","journal-title":"Am J Cardiol"},{"key":"2024022216310733900_ytad412-B12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1840","DOI":"10.1016\/j.athoracsur.2019.04.108","article-title":"Preoperative anemia and outcomes in cardiovascular surgery: systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"108","author":"Padmanabhan","year":"2019","journal-title":"Ann Thorac Surg"}],"container-title":["European Heart Journal - 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