{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,2]],"date-time":"2026-06-02T13:31:30Z","timestamp":1780407090077,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":14,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,14]],"date-time":"2024-03-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1710374400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,28]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Giant cell myocarditis (GCM) is an inflammatory form of acute heart failure with high rates of cardiac transplantation or death. Standard acute treatment includes multi-drug immunosuppressive regimens. There is a small but growing number of case reports utilizing rabbit anti-thymocyte globulin in severe cases.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Case summary<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Two cases are presented with similar presentations and clinical courses. Both are middle-aged patients with no significant past medical history, who presented with new acute decompensated heart failure that quickly progressed to cardiogenic shock requiring inotropic and mechanical circulatory support. Both underwent endomyocardial biopsies that diagnosed GCM. Both were treated with a multi-agent immunosuppressive regimen, notably including rabbit anti-thymocyte globulin, with subsequent resolution of shock and recovery of left ventricular ejection fraction. Both remain transplant-free and without ventricular arrhythmias at 7 months and 26 months, respectively.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Discussion<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>In aggregate, these cases are typical of GCM. They add to growing observational data that upfront rabbit anti-thymocyte globulin may reduce morbidity and mortality in GCM, including potentially preventing the need for complex interventions like orthotopic heart transplantation.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/ehjcr\/ytae128","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,14]],"date-time":"2024-03-14T08:32:19Z","timestamp":1710405139000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Two case reports of fulminant giant cell myocarditis treated with rabbit anti-thymocyte globulin"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"8","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9860-6454","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Colin","family":"Bartz-Overman","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine, Oregon Health & Science University , Portland, OR , USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sarah","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine, Oregon Health & Science University , Portland, OR , USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Balaram","family":"Puligandla","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Oregon Health & Science University , Portland, OR , USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nalini","family":"Colaco","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Knight Cardiovascular Institute, Oregon Health & Science University , 3303 S. Bond Avenue, Portland, OR 97239 , USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Johannes","family":"Steiner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Knight Cardiovascular Institute, Oregon Health & Science University , 3303 S. Bond Avenue, Portland, OR 97239 , USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Luke","family":"Masha","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Knight Cardiovascular Institute, Oregon Health & Science University , 3303 S. Bond Avenue, Portland, OR 97239 , USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,14]]},"reference":[{"key":"2024043014024802000_ytae128-B1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e004559","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCEP.116.004559","article-title":"Incidence, risk factors, and outcome of life-threatening ventricular arrhythmias in giant cell myocarditis","volume":"9","author":"Ekstr\u00f6m","year":"2016","journal-title":"Circ Arrhythm Electrophysiol"},{"key":"2024043014024802000_ytae128-B2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1860","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199706263362603","article-title":"Idiopathic giant-cell myocarditis\u2013natural history and treatment. 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JACC review topic of the week","volume":"77","author":"Bang","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Am Coll Cardiol"},{"key":"2024043014024802000_ytae128-B7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"15","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCHEARTFAILURE.112.969261","article-title":"Diagnosis, treatment, and outcome of giant-cell myocarditis in the era of combined immunosuppression","volume":"6","author":"Kandolin","year":"2013","journal-title":"Circ Heart Fail"},{"key":"2024043014024802000_ytae128-B8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1387","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.leu.2404683","article-title":"Mechanisms of action of antithymocyte globulin: T-cell depletion and beyond","volume":"21","author":"Mohty","year":"2007","journal-title":"Leukemia"},{"key":"2024043014024802000_ytae128-B9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e151","DOI":"10.2459\/JCM.0000000000000250","article-title":"Giant cell myocarditis successfully treated with antithymocyte globuline and extracorporeal membrane oxygenation for 21 days","volume":"17","author":"Ammirati","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Cardiovasc Med (Hagerstown)"},{"key":"2024043014024802000_ytae128-B10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e007800","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCHEARTFAILURE.120.007800","article-title":"A case of rapidly progressing granulomatous myocarditis: what is the diagnosis?","volume":"14","author":"Cao","year":"2021","journal-title":"Circ Heart Fail"},{"key":"2024043014024802000_ytae128-B11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"256","DOI":"10.1016\/j.healun.2015.10.009","article-title":"Alemtuzumab as a novel treatment for refractory giant cell myocarditis after heart transplantation","volume":"35","author":"Evans","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Heart Lung Transplant"},{"key":"2024043014024802000_ytae128-B12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"447","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amjcard.2015.04.040","article-title":"Usefulness of rabbit anti-thymocyte globulin in patients with giant cell myocarditis","volume":"116","author":"Suarez-Barrientos","year":"2015","journal-title":"Am J Cardiol"},{"key":"2024043014024802000_ytae128-B13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"278","DOI":"10.1055\/s-2006-923803","article-title":"Recovery from giant cell myocarditis with ECMO support and utilisation of polyclonal antithymocyte globulin: a case report","volume":"54","author":"Ankersmit","year":"2006","journal-title":"Thorac Cardiovasc Surg"},{"key":"2024043014024802000_ytae128-B14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"829","DOI":"10.1510\/icvts.2010.250035","article-title":"Relapse of giant cell myocarditis supported with veno-arterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation","volume":"12","author":"Yeen","year":"2011","journal-title":"Interact Cardiovasc Thorac Surg"}],"container-title":["European Heart Journal - Case Reports"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/ehjcr\/advance-article-pdf\/doi\/10.1093\/ehjcr\/ytae128\/56966420\/ytae128.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"am","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/ehjcr\/article-pdf\/8\/4\/ytae128\/57349514\/ytae128.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/ehjcr\/article-pdf\/8\/4\/ytae128\/57349514\/ytae128.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,30]],"date-time":"2024-04-30T14:05:27Z","timestamp":1714485927000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/ehjcr\/article\/doi\/10.1093\/ehjcr\/ytae128\/7628359"}},"subtitle":[],"editor":[{"given":"Milenko Zoran","family":"Cankovic","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"editor"}]},{"given":"Jana","family":"Kupusovic","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"editor"}]},{"given":"Giulia Elena","family":"Mandoli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"editor"}]},{"given":"Waqas","family":"Akhtar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"editor"}]},{"given":"Sara","family":"Monosilio","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"editor"}]}],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,14]]},"references-count":14,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,28]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/ehjcr\/ytae128","relation":{},"ISSN":["2514-2119"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2514-2119","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published-other":{"date-parts":[[2024,4]]},"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,14]]},"article-number":"ytae128"}}