{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,23]],"date-time":"2026-01-23T11:06:27Z","timestamp":1769166387662,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":9,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,2]],"date-time":"2024-04-02T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1712016000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":5,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,28]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Gender-related aspects in cardiac arrhythmias have gained increasing attention, still the understanding of peripartum electrical disorders remains vague.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Case summary<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>A 28-year-old woman developed palpitations and presyncopes during the post-partum period after her second pregnancy. Palpitations remained unclear until a self-recorded single-lead smartwatch ECG revealed a complete episode of a fast broad complex tachycardia (260\u2005b.p.m.) that led to hospital admission. Echocardiography, cardiac magnetic resonance imaging, and exercise testing, showed no relevant abnormalities. Recording the tachycardia in a 12-lead-ECG could eventually be achieved revealing an inferior axis and positive concordance in the precordial leads. Episodes of ventricular tachycardia (VT) could be provoked by breast feeding and mental stress, but not induced in two electrophysiological studies. Genetic testing was normal. The patient continued to experience repeated, self-terminating VT episodes, lasting between 10 and 40\u2005s, leading to presyncopes and a syncope with a fall. The beginning of symptoms subsequent to child birth and frequent premature ventricular contractions in her first pregnancy made hormone-induced arrhythmia a tentative diagnosis. Heart rate-corrected QT (QTc) intervals showed significant variability corresponding to the frequency of episodes in a retrospective evaluation. The cessation of breastfeeding led to a termination of arrhythmias. The patient was temporarily equipped with a wearable cardioverter defibrillator vest, an implantable cardioverter defibrillator (ICD) was not implanted.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Discussion<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>The case report highlights the potential of self-recorded, patient-activated ECG monitoring in diagnosing recurrent palpitations, and the dilemma of timing for implanting ICDs in young patients with ventricular arrythmias (VTs). Additionally, it underlines the role of post-partum hormones in the susceptibility to ventricular arrhythmias, calling for further research of gender-specific, and pregnancy-associated arrhythmias.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/ehjcr\/ytae166","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,2]],"date-time":"2024-04-02T14:11:39Z","timestamp":1712067099000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Palpitations in puerperium\u2014a self-recorded smart watch ECG gives the hint to hormone-induced ventricular arrhythmia: case report"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"8","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0000-4125-1461","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Paulina Anna","family":"Jankowska","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiology, Heart Center Brandenburg, Brandenburg Medical School (MHB) Theodor Fontane , Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Christian","family":"Georgi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiology, Heart Center Brandenburg, Brandenburg Medical School (MHB) Theodor Fontane , Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Marwin","family":"Bannehr","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiology, Heart Center Brandenburg, Brandenburg Medical School (MHB) Theodor Fontane , Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Christian","family":"Butter","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiology, Heart Center Brandenburg, Brandenburg Medical School (MHB) Theodor Fontane , Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,2]]},"reference":[{"key":"2024043014364207200_ytae166-B1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"644279","DOI":"10.3389\/fcvm.2021.644279","article-title":"The link between sex hormones and susceptibility to cardiac arrhythmias: from molecular basis to clinical implications","volume":"8","author":"Costa","year":"2021","journal-title":"Front Cardiovasc Med"},{"key":"2024043014364207200_ytae166-B2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e005680","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCEP.117.005680","article-title":"Sex differences in cardiac arrhythmias\u2014clinical and research implications","volume":"11","author":"Ehdaie","year":"2018","journal-title":"Circ Arrhythm Electrophysiol"},{"key":"2024043014364207200_ytae166-B3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"474","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCRESAHA.121.319893","article-title":"Arrhythmias in female patients: incidence, presentation and management","volume":"130:","author":"Zeitler","year":"2022","journal-title":"Circ Res"},{"key":"2024043014364207200_ytae166-B4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2913","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.107.702407","article-title":"Progesterone regulates cardiac repolarization through a nongenomic pathway: an in vitro patch-clamp and computational modeling study","volume":"116","author":"Nakamura","year":"2007","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"2024043014364207200_ytae166-B5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"784","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2018.05.065","article-title":"Clinical diagnosis, imaging, and genetics of arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy\/dysplasia: JACC state-of-the-art review","volume":"72","author":"Gandjbakhch","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Am Coll Cardiol"},{"key":"2024043014364207200_ytae166-B6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1509","DOI":"10.1093\/europace\/euz179","article-title":"Sex-related differences in catheter ablation of atrial fibrillation: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"21","author":"Cheng","year":"2019","journal-title":"Europace"},{"key":"2024043014364207200_ytae166-B7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e010063","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCEP.121.010063","article-title":"Arrhythmias other than atrial fibrillation in those with an irregular pulse detected with a smartwatch: findings from the apple heart study","volume":"14","author":"Perino","year":"2021","journal-title":"Circ Arrhythm Electrophysiol"},{"key":"2024043014364207200_ytae166-B8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"443","DOI":"10.1016\/j.hrthm.2015.09.010","article-title":"Implantable cardioverter-defibrillator harm in young patients with inherited arrhythmia syndromes: a systematic review and meta-analysis of inappropriate shocks and complications","volume":"13","author":"Olde Nordkamp","year":"2016","journal-title":"Heart Rhythm"},{"key":"2024043014364207200_ytae166-B9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"180","DOI":"10.1007\/s00399-021-00757-4","article-title":"Arrhythmic risk during pregnancy and postpartum in patients with long QT syndrome","volume":"32","author":"Asatryan","year":"2021","journal-title":"Herzschrittmacherther Elektrophysiol"}],"container-title":["European Heart Journal - 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