{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,30]],"date-time":"2025-07-30T11:50:15Z","timestamp":1753876215446,"version":"3.41.2"},"reference-count":7,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,10]],"date-time":"2024-09-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1725926400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":9,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>An atrioventricular node (AVN) ablation and permanent pacing have been previously reported as effective treatments for patients with atrial tachyarrhythmias. However single-ventricle patients requiring chronic ventricular pacing are at a higher risk of developing ventricular dysfunction and atrioventricular valve regurgitation. We report a case of successful AVN ablation in a 3-month-old infant with hypoplastic left heart syndrome and ectopic atrial tachycardia (EAT).<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Case summary<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>A boy with hypoplastic left heart syndrome who had a refractory EAT resistant to various medications. At 2 months old, we performed an urgent radiofrequency (RF) catheter ablation of the EAT and the applications delivered at the cavo-atrial junction. Although it disappeared after the first catheter ablation for 2 weeks, it recurred on the next day after the diaphragm plication. At 3 months old and weighed 3.1\u2005kg, we decided to perform an urgent AVN ablation of the EAT. The application was performed on the mid-septum of the tricuspid septum. A permanent pacemaker was implanted after the ablation. After the AVN ablation, the haemodynamics stabilized during the EAT. However, he died from a bacteraemia infection at 4 months.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Discussion<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>This patient received an AVN ablation due to failure to previous RF catheter ablation and was haemodynamically stable with the dual-chamber pacemaker. The AV block was successfully created by RF energy on the mid-septum of the tricuspid annulus in this hypoplastic left heart syndrome patient. Pathological findings exhibited that the compact AVN was totally ablated without damage to the tricuspid leaflets or coronary artery.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/ehjcr\/ytae493","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,10]],"date-time":"2024-09-10T11:59:45Z","timestamp":1725969585000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Atrioventricular node ablation and the pathological findings of a refractory ectopic atrial tachycardia in a small infant with hypoplastic left heart syndrome: a case report"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"8","author":[{"given":"Masayoshi","family":"Mori","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatric Cardiology, Osaka Women\u2019s and Children\u2019s Hospital , 840 Murodo-cho, Izumi, Osaka 594-1101 , Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Chihiro","family":"Ichikawa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology, Osaka Women\u2019s and Children\u2019s Hospital , 840 Murodo-cho, Izumi, Osaka 594-1101 , Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Taka-aki","family":"Matsuyama","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Legal Medicine, Showa University School of Medicine , 1-5-8 Hatanodai, Shinagawa, Tokyo 142-8555 , Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Risa","family":"Nawa-Hasegawa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology, Osaka Women\u2019s and Children\u2019s Hospital , 840 Murodo-cho, Izumi, Osaka 594-1101 , Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3083-4597","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hisaaki","family":"Aoki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatric Cardiology, Osaka Women\u2019s and Children\u2019s Hospital , 840 Murodo-cho, Izumi, Osaka 594-1101 , Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,10]]},"reference":[{"key":"2024092009404104700_ytae493-B1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e251","DOI":"10.1016\/j.hrthm.2016.02.009","article-title":"PACES\/HRS expert consensus statement on the use of catheter ablation in children and patients with congenital heart disease: developed in partnership with the Pediatric and Congenital Electrophysiology Society (PACES) and the Heart Rhythm Society (HRS). Endorsed by the governing bodies of PACES, HRS, the American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP), the American Heart Association (AHA), and the Association for European Pediatric and Congenital Cardiology (AEPC)","volume":"13","author":"Philip Saul","year":"2016","journal-title":"Heart Rhythm"},{"key":"2024092009404104700_ytae493-B2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"619","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-8703(83)90077-7","article-title":"Junctional automatic ectopic tachycardia: new proposed treatment by transcatheter His bundle ablation","volume":"106","author":"Gillette","year":"1983","journal-title":"Am Heart J"},{"key":"2024092009404104700_ytae493-B3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1544","DOI":"10.1161\/01.CIR.81.5.1544","article-title":"Evolving concepts in the management of congenital junctional ectopic tachycardia. A multicenter study","volume":"81","author":"Villain","year":"1990","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"2024092009404104700_ytae493-B4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"853","DOI":"10.1016\/j.hrthm.2017.03.035","article-title":"Ventricular pacing in single ventricles\u2014a bad combination","volume":"14","author":"Bulic","year":"2017","journal-title":"Heart Rhythm"},{"key":"2024092009404104700_ytae493-B5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"24","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1540-8167.2005.03272.x","article-title":"Atrioventricular junction ablation and pacemaker therapy in patients with drug-resistant atrial tachyarrhythmias after the Fontan operation","volume":"16","author":"Friedman","year":"2005","journal-title":"J Cardiovasc Electrophysiol"},{"key":"2024092009404104700_ytae493-B6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"740","DOI":"10.3346\/jkms.2005.20.5.740","article-title":"Pediatric radiofrequency catheter ablation: results of initial 100 consecutive cases including congenital heart anomalies","volume":"20","author":"Bae","year":"2005","journal-title":"J Korean Med Sci"},{"key":"2024092009404104700_ytae493-B7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"566","DOI":"10.1093\/oxfordjournals.eurheartj.a060215","article-title":"Extreme underdevelopment of the left heart. 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