{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,30]],"date-time":"2025-07-30T11:50:40Z","timestamp":1753876240015,"version":"3.41.2"},"reference-count":15,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,29]],"date-time":"2025-01-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1738108800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Concurrent patent foramen ovale (PFO) and pulmonary arteriovenous malformation (PAVM) are rare but can cause paradoxical embolism and platypnoea\u2013orthodeoxia syndrome (POS).<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Case summary<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>A 72-year-old female with embolic stroke history developed positional dyspnoea. Evaluation revealed right-to-left shunting through PFO and PAVM in the right middle lobe. Orthodeoxia was confirmed by 6% SpO2 decrease upon position change. A staged approach was adopted: PFO closure with Amplatzer\u2122 Occluder, followed by PAVM embolization 1 month later. Symptoms improved significantly post-procedure. No residual shunting or symptoms have been observed during the 2-year follow-up.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Discussion<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>This case emphasizes thorough evaluation in patients with cryptogenic stroke and POS, especially when symptoms persist. It demonstrates the effectiveness of staged treatment for concurrent PFO and PAVM, highlighting the importance of individualized strategies and long-term follow-up.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/ehjcr\/ytaf045","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,29]],"date-time":"2025-01-29T11:44:23Z","timestamp":1738151063000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Management of coexisting patent foramen ovale and pulmonary arteriovenous malformation: a case report of sequential closure"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"9","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5905-1265","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hiroto","family":"Yagasaki","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiology, Gifu Prefectural General Medical Center , 4-6-1, Noisshiki, Gifu 500-8717 ,","place":["Japan"]},{"name":"Department of Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine , 340 West 10th Street, Fairbanks Hall, Suite 6200, 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,","place":["Japan"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Toshiyuki","family":"Noda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiology, Gifu Prefectural General Medical Center , 4-6-1, Noisshiki, Gifu 500-8717 ,","place":["Japan"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,29]]},"reference":[{"key":"2025021110155927200_ytaf045-B1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.echo.2015.09.011","article-title":"Guidelines for the use of echocardiography in the evaluation of a cardiac source of embolism","volume":"29","author":"Saric","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Am Soc Echocardiogr"},{"key":"2025021110155927200_ytaf045-B2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e311","DOI":"10.1161\/STROKEAHA.120.032073","article-title":"Ischemic stroke in patients with pulmonary arteriovenous 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