{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,3]],"date-time":"2026-07-03T22:00:41Z","timestamp":1783116041127,"version":"3.54.6"},"reference-count":13,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,4]],"date-time":"2025-06-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1748995200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":5,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,30]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Giant cell myocarditis (GCM) is a rare but often fast-progressing cardiac disease with a high risk of poor outcome. Nonetheless, its differentiation from other diseases like cardiac sarcoidosis (CS) using cardiovascular magnetic resonance imaging (CMR) remains challenging.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Case summary<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>A 27-year-old male patient presented to the emergency department with acute cardiac decompensation and severely reduced left ventricular ejection fraction. After exclusion of an ischaemic cause of heart failure, CMR was performed, showing signs of acute inflammation and late gadolinium enhancement patterns that were indistinguishable between GCM and CS. Despite the suspicion of sarcoidosis based on a lymph node biopsy, endomyocardial biopsy (EMB) provided clear evidence of typical histopathological changes consistent with GCM. An immunosuppressive therapy was initiated leading to an improvement in left ventricular function.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Discussion<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Cardiovascular magnetic resonance imaging is an important cornerstone in the diagnostic pathway of GCM, however, only complementary use with EMB allows reliable diagnosis. Therefore, full diagnostic and especially prognostic potential of CMR remains unclear but offers an important starting point for optimizing patient management.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/ehjcr\/ytaf276","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,4]],"date-time":"2025-06-04T04:49:27Z","timestamp":1749012567000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Cardiovascular magnetic resonance imaging and endomyocardial biopsy in giant cell myocarditis: a case report on diagnostic challenges and future perspectives"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"9","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0000-4953-1409","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Judith","family":"Gronwald","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiology and Pneumology, University Medical Center of G\u00f6ttingen, Georg-August University G\u00f6ttingen and German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Lower Saxony , Robert-Koch-Str. 40, 37075 G\u00f6ttingen ,","place":["Germany"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0203-2498","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Karin","family":"Klingel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cardiopathology, Institute for Pathology and Neuropathology, University Hospital T\u00fcbingen , Liebermeisterstr. 8, 72076 T\u00fcbingen ,","place":["Germany"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1508-1125","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Andreas","family":"Schuster","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiology and Pneumology, University Medical Center of G\u00f6ttingen, Georg-August University G\u00f6ttingen and German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Lower Saxony , Robert-Koch-Str. 40, 37075 G\u00f6ttingen ,","place":["Germany"]},{"name":"FORUM Medizin , An der Ziegelei 1, 37124 Rosdorf ,","place":["Germany"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0505-2582","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Torben","family":"Lange","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiology and Pneumology, University Medical Center of G\u00f6ttingen, Georg-August University G\u00f6ttingen and German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Lower Saxony , Robert-Koch-Str. 40, 37075 G\u00f6ttingen ,","place":["Germany"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,4]]},"reference":[{"key":"2025062713155477200_ytaf276-B1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"404","DOI":"10.1093\/ehjci\/jeac265","article-title":"Cardiac magnetic resonance in giant cell myocarditis: a matched comparison with cardiac sarcoidosis","volume":"24","author":"P\u00f6yh\u00f6nen","year":"2023","journal-title":"Eur Heart J Cardiovasc Imaging"},{"key":"2025062713155477200_ytaf276-B2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e019415","DOI":"10.1161\/JAHA.120.019415","article-title":"Manifestations and outcome of cardiac sarcoidosis and idiopathic giant cell myocarditis by 25-year nationwide cohorts","volume":"10","author":"Nordenswan","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Am Heart Assoc"},{"key":"2025062713155477200_ytaf276-B3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1362","DOI":"10.1002\/ehf2.12725","article-title":"Idiopathic giant cell myocarditis or cardiac sarcoidosis? 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