{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,28]],"date-time":"2026-01-28T03:15:16Z","timestamp":1769570116501,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":20,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,16]],"date-time":"2025-12-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1765843200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100009014","name":"Abbott Canada","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100009014","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Patients who experience ventricular tachycardia and cardiac arrest induced by epicardial vasospasm are at high risk for recurrent cardiac events. Conventional treatment includes calcium channel-blockade, long-acting nitrates, and the withdrawal of beta-blockade. These guidelines have not been proven effective in randomized controlled trials, and the evidence against beta-blockade is primarily anecdotal. Ongoing medical management in the setting of treatment failure is unclear, but abnormal sympathetic activity has been implicated in both spasm and ventricular arrhythmias.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Case presentation<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We describe three patients with spasm-related ventricular arrhythmias and unacceptably poor response to conventional treatment. Clinical stability and asymptomatic status were achieved following the addition of nebivolol, a third-generation, lipophilic beta-1-specific beta-blocker.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Discussion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Selective beta-blockade may represent a therapeutic option in patients with high-risk epicardial spasm and ventricular arrhythmias. Furthermore, the apparent success of nebivolol in this setting suggests that hyperactive sympathetic input may represent a causal or aggravating factor in spasm-associated ventricular arrhythmias.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/ehjcr\/ytaf641","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,13]],"date-time":"2025-12-13T12:53:15Z","timestamp":1765630395000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Epicardial vasospasm and concomitant ventricular tachycardia treated with Beta-1-specific Beta-blockade: a case series in support of nebivolol"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"10","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0008-3881-3484","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sarah A","family":"Miner","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"McGill University Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, , 3640 Rue University, Montreal, QC H3A 2A7 ,","place":["Canada"]},{"name":"Cardiac Program, Southlake Regional Health Centre , 596 Davis 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Regional Health Centre , 596 Davis Drive, Newmarket, ON L3Y 2P9 ,","place":["Canada"]},{"name":"Department of Medicine, University of Toronto , 27 King\u2019s College Circle, Toronto, ON M5S 1A1 ,","place":["Canada"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0783-3545","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Steven E S","family":"Miner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cardiac Program, Southlake Regional Health Centre , 596 Davis Drive, Newmarket, ON L3Y 2P9 ,","place":["Canada"]},{"name":"Department of Medicine, University of Toronto , 27 King\u2019s College Circle, Toronto, ON M5S 1A1 ,","place":["Canada"]},{"name":"School of Kinesiology and Health Science, York University , 170 Campus Walk, Toronto, ON M3J 1P3, 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