{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,8]],"date-time":"2026-01-08T14:40:52Z","timestamp":1767883252852,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":12,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,18]],"date-time":"2025-12-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1766016000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004663","name":"Ministry of Science and Technology, Taiwan","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["MOST 111-2314-B-039-013"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["MOST 111-2314-B-039-013"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004663","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100007404","name":"Clinical Trial Center","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100007404","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004391","name":"China Medical University Hospital","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["DMR-110-247"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["DMR-110-247"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004391","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004391","name":"China Medical University Hospital","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["DMR-111-021"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["DMR-111-021"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004391","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004391","name":"China Medical University Hospital","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["DMR-111-105"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["DMR-111-105"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004391","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004391","name":"China Medical University Hospital","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["DMR-112-087"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["DMR-112-087"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004391","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004391","name":"China Medical University Hospital","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["DMR-112-181"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["DMR-112-181"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004391","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004391","name":"China Medical University Hospital","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["EXO-112-010"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["EXO-112-010"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004391","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The second-generation TYRX\u2122 absorbable antibacterial envelope (Medtronic, Minneapolis, MN, USA) effectively reduces cardiac implantable electronic device (CIED) infections, as shown in the WRAP-IT trial. However, data on its degradation process and pocket histopathology in humans remain scarce, with most evidence derived from preclinical studies.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Case summary<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>An 80-year-old woman with hypertension and hyperlipidaemia received a cardiac resynchronization therapy pacemaker for heart failure with reduced ejection fraction and left bundle branch block. The device was implanted with a TYRX envelope. Fifty-six days later, she presented with intermittent loss of left ventricular pacing due to atrial undersensing and underwent right atrial lead revision. Pocket exploration revealed a thin light amber capsule covering the device. Histopathology showed different stages of TYRX resorption and wound healing: residual envelope material with lymphocytes and multinucleated giant cells in the outer layer (chronic inflammation), collagen-rich granulation tissue with neovascularization in the middle layer (proliferation), and a dense acellular fibrous capsule adjacent to the device (remodelling). The maximum thickness of capsule measured 1210 \u03bcm.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Discussion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This case provides rare human histopathological evidence of an eight-week-old TYRX envelope, illustrating ongoing degradation and distinct wound-healing phases. The findings bridge preclinical observations and human data, enhancing understanding of envelope absorption dynamics.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/ehjcr\/ytaf651","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,17]],"date-time":"2025-12-17T13:00:50Z","timestamp":1765976450000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["The first human pocket histology at an eight-week cardiac implantable electronic device with absorbable antibacterial envelope: case report"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"10","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0008-0737-7325","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kee Koon","family":"Ng","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, China Medical University Hospital , Taichung 40447 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