{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,4]],"date-time":"2026-05-04T00:37:57Z","timestamp":1777855077654,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":8,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,15]],"date-time":"2026-04-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1776211200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":14,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Transvenous lead extraction (TLE) is the gold-standard treatment for cardiac implantable electronic device removal but carries a small risk of major complications, including superior vena cava (SVC) injury. The prompt use of endovascular occlusion devices can provide temporary haemostasis and haemodynamic stability in the rare event of SVC laceration. The presence of congenital heart disease and venous anomalies introduces additional technical complexity and necessitates careful procedural planning.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Case summary<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A 52-year-old gentleman with dextrocardia and situs inversus totalis was referred to our centre for transvenous lead extraction after having presented with pacemaker pocket erosion. A CT venogram confirmed a completely interrupted inferior vena cava (IVC) with azygos continuation. A Bridge Balloon was pre-emptively placed via a superior venous approach through the right internal jugular vein as the IVC interruption precluded conventional approach through the femoral vein. TLE was performed under general anaesthesia using laser and mechanical sheaths, with successful extraction of all three leads and no major complications. The patient underwent reimplantation of a dual-chamber ICD on the right side after completing antibiotic therapy and was discharged in good condition.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Discussion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>In IVC interruption, a superior approach for Bridge Balloon placement can provide effective protection against SVC injury. As survival of patients with congenital heart disease improves, awareness of anatomical variants and procedural adaptation is crucial for safe and successful lead extraction.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/ehjcr\/ytag252","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,11]],"date-time":"2026-04-11T11:38:55Z","timestamp":1775907535000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Superior venous use of bridge balloon for percutaneous lead extraction in a patient with an interrupted inferior vena cava: a case report"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"10","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9697-1837","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rea","family":"Ganatra","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Cardiovascular Department, St. Thomas\u2019 Hospital, Guy\u2019s and St. Thomas NHS Foundation Trust , Westminster Bridge Road, London SE1 7EH ,","place":["UK"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Curtis","family":"Page","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cardiovascular Department, St. Thomas\u2019 Hospital, Guy\u2019s and St. Thomas NHS Foundation Trust , Westminster Bridge Road, London SE1 7EH ,","place":["UK"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Rebecca","family":"Preston","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cardiovascular Department, St. Thomas\u2019 Hospital, Guy\u2019s and St. Thomas NHS Foundation Trust , Westminster Bridge Road, London SE1 7EH ,","place":["UK"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Christopher Aldo","family":"Rinaldi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cardiovascular Department, St. Thomas\u2019 Hospital, Guy\u2019s and St. Thomas NHS Foundation Trust , Westminster Bridge Road, London SE1 7EH ,","place":["UK"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jonathan M","family":"Behar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cardiovascular Department, St. Thomas\u2019 Hospital, Guy\u2019s and St. Thomas NHS Foundation Trust , Westminster Bridge Road, London SE1 7EH ,","place":["UK"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,15]]},"reference":[{"key":"2026042919185782200_ytag252-B1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"290","DOI":"10.1093\/europace\/euy291","article-title":"Real-world costs of transvenous lead extraction: The challenge for reimbursement","volume":"21","author":"Brough","year":"2019","journal-title":"EP Europace"},{"key":"2026042919185782200_ytag252-B2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"210","DOI":"10.15420\/aer.2018.33.2","article-title":"Transvenous lead extractions: current approaches and future trends","volume":"7","author":"Perez","year":"2018","journal-title":"Arrhythm Electrophysiol Rev"},{"key":"2026042919185782200_ytag252-B3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2260","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm12062260","article-title":"Success and complication rates of transvenous lead extraction in a developing high-volume extraction center: the Zurich experience","volume":"12","author":"Hofer","year":"2023","journal-title":"J Clin Med"},{"key":"2026042919185782200_ytag252-B4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3246","DOI":"10.1016\/j.hrthm.2025.06.038","article-title":"Role of the bridge balloon in improving the safety of transvenous lead extraction procedures","volume":"22","author":"Watfa","year":"2025","journal-title":"Heart Rhythm"},{"key":"2026042919185782200_ytag252-B5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"257","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejrad.2006.11.028","article-title":"Interruption or congenital stenosis of the inferior vena cava: prevalence, imaging, and clinical findings","volume":"62","author":"Koc","year":"2007","journal-title":"Eur J Radiol"},{"key":"2026042919185782200_ytag252-B6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"370","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-3476(61)80291-6","article-title":"Anomalous inferior vena cava with azygos continuation (infrahepatic interruption of the inferior vena cava). Report of 15 new cases","volume":"59","author":"Anderson","year":"1961","journal-title":"J Pediatr"},{"key":"2026042919185782200_ytag252-B7"},{"key":"2026042919185782200_ytag252-B8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1217","DOI":"10.1093\/europace\/euy050","article-title":"2018 EHRA expert consensus statement on lead extraction: recommendations on definitions, endpoints, research trial design, and data collection requirements for clinical scientific studies and registries: endorsed by APHRS\/HRS\/LAHRS","volume":"20","author":"Bongiorni","year":"2018","journal-title":"Europace"}],"container-title":["European Heart Journal - Case Reports"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/ehjcr\/advance-article-pdf\/doi\/10.1093\/ehjcr\/ytag252\/68084775\/ytag252.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"am","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/ehjcr\/article-pdf\/10\/4\/ytag252\/68084775\/ytag252.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/ehjcr\/article-pdf\/10\/4\/ytag252\/68084775\/ytag252.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,29]],"date-time":"2026-04-29T23:19:02Z","timestamp":1777504742000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/ehjcr\/article\/doi\/10.1093\/ehjcr\/ytag252\/8654218"}},"subtitle":[],"editor":[{"given":"Patrick","family":"Badertscher","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"editor","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Rami Riziq Yousef","family":"Abumuaileq","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"editor","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Boldizsar","family":"Kovacs","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"editor","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Deepti","family":"Ranganathan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"editor","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,1]]},"references-count":8,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,1]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/ehjcr\/ytag252","relation":{},"ISSN":["2514-2119"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2514-2119","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published-other":{"date-parts":[[2026,4]]},"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,1]]},"article-number":"ytag252"}}