{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,17]],"date-time":"2026-08-17T23:18:20Z","timestamp":1787008700126,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":29,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,1]],"date-time":"2024-08-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1722470400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":1,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001659","name":"Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["SFB TTR 219"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["SFB TTR 219"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001659","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001659","name":"Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["S-01"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["S-01"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001659","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Aims<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Our study aimed to assess whether a single pill concept (SPC) is superior to a multi-pill concept (MPC) in reducing cardiovascular (CV) events, all-cause death, and costs in CV patients.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Method and results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Anonymized medical claims data covering 2012\u20132018, including patients with hypertension, dyslipidaemia, and CV diseases who started a drug therapy either as SPC or identical MPC were analysed after 1:1-propensity score matching. Hospitalizations with predefined CV events, all-cause mortality, and costs were studied in 25\u00a0311 patients with SPC and 25\u00a0311 patients with MPC using incidence rate ratios (IRRs) and non-parametric tests for continuous variables.<\/jats:p>\n                    <jats:p>IRRs were significantly lower for SPC: stroke (IRR\u00a0=\u00a00.77; 95% CI 0.67\u20130.88; P\u00a0&amp;lt;\u00a00.001), transitory ischaemic attack (IRR\u00a0=\u00a00.61; 95% CI 0.48\u20130.78; P\u00a0&amp;lt;\u00a00.001), myocardial infarction (IRR\u00a0=\u00a00.76; 95% CI 0.63\u20130.90; P\u00a0=\u00a00.0016), coronary artery disease (IRR\u00a0=\u00a00.66; 95% CI 0.57\u20130.77; P\u00a0&amp;lt;\u00a00.001), heart failure (IRR\u00a0=\u00a00.59; 95% CI 0.54\u20130.64; P\u00a0&amp;lt;\u00a00.001), acute renal failure (IRR\u00a0=\u00a00.54; 95% CI 0.56\u20130.64; P\u00a0&amp;lt;\u00a00.001), all cause hospitalization (IRR\u00a0=\u00a00.72; 95% CI 0.71\u20130.74; P\u00a0&amp;lt;\u00a00.001), CV hospitalization (IRR\u00a0=\u00a00.63; 95% CI 0.57\u20130.69; P\u00a0&amp;lt;\u00a00.001), and all-cause mortality (IRR\u00a0=\u00a00.62; 95% CI 0.57\u20130.68; P\u00a0&amp;lt;\u00a00.001). Mean time to first events and time to death were also in favour of SPC. Mean total costs were 4708\u20ac for SPC vs. 5.669\u20ac for MPC, respectively (mean ratio 0.830, P\u00a0&amp;lt;\u00a00.001).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>SPC is associated with lower incidence rates of CV events, time to CV events, and all-cause death, and is superior regarding pharmacoeconomic parameters and should therefore become standard of care to improve outcomes and reduce healthcare costs.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/ehjcvp\/pvae059","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,31]],"date-time":"2024-07-31T00:36:17Z","timestamp":1722386177000},"page":"686-693","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Effect of a single pill concept on clinical and pharmacoeconomic outcomes in cardiovascular diseases"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"10","author":[{"given":"Burkhard","family":"Weisser","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Sports Science, Christian-Albrechts-University of Kiel , Kiel 24098 ,","place":["Germany"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sven","family":"Wassmann","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cardiology Pasing , Munich ,","place":["Germany"]},{"name":"Faculty of Medicine, University of the Saarland , Homburg, Saar ,","place":["Germany"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hans-Georg","family":"Predel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Cardiology and Sports Medicine, German Sport University , Cologne 50933 ,","place":["Germany"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8957-7740","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Roland E","family":"Schmieder","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nephrology and Hypertension, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich Alexander University Erlangen N\u00fcrnberg , Erlangen 91054 ,","place":["Germany"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anton","family":"Gillessen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, Herz-Jesu-Hospital , M\u00fcnster 48149 ,","place":["Germany"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Thomas","family":"Wilke","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Pharmacoeconomics and Pharmaceutical Logistics (IPAM)\/Institute for Pharmacoeconomics and Pharmaceutical Logistics , Wismar 23966 ,","place":["Germany"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"J\u00f6rg","family":"Blettenberg","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Practice Dr J. Blettenberg , Lindlar 51789 ,","place":["Germany"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1099-0856","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Olaf","family":"Randerath","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Medical Department, Apontis Pharma Deutschland GmbH & Co. KG , Monheim 40789 ,","place":["Germany"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Antje","family":"Mevius","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Pharmacoeconomics and Pharmaceutical Logistics (IPAM)\/Institute for Pharmacoeconomics and Pharmaceutical Logistics , Wismar 23966 ,","place":["Germany"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michael","family":"B\u00f6hm","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinic for Internal Medicine III, University Clinic of Saarland, Saarland University , Homburg, Saar 66421 ,","place":["Germany"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,31]]},"reference":[{"key":"2025011107302414700_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2765","DOI":"10.1185\/03007990903297741","article-title":"Impact of fixed-dose and multi-pill combination dyslipidemia therapies on medication adherence and the economic burden of sub-optimal adherence","volume":"25","author":"Balu","year":"2009","journal-title":"Curr Med Res Opin"},{"key":"2025011107302414700_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"878","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMsa0903829","article-title":"The hypertension paradox\u2014more uncontrolled disease despite improved therapy","volume":"361","author":"Chobanian","year":"2009","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"2025011107302414700_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e011650","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen-2016-011650","article-title":"Comparison of therapy persistence for fixed versus free combination antihypertensives: a retrospective cohort study","volume":"6","author":"Grimmsmann","year":"2016","journal-title":"BMJ Open"},{"key":"2025011107302414700_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"465","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.publhealth.27.021405.102132","article-title":"Hypertension: trends in prevalence, incidence, and control","volume":"27","author":"Hajjar","year":"2006","journal-title":"Annu Rev Public Health"},{"key":"2025011107302414700_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"255","DOI":"10.18553\/jmcp.2016.22.3.255","article-title":"Patient adherence to Olmesartan\/Amlodipine combinations: fixed versus extemporaneous combinations","volume":"22","author":"Levi","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Manag Care Specialty Pharm"},{"key":"2025011107302414700_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2287","DOI":"10.1185\/03007995.2015.1098598","article-title":"Comparison of amlodipine\/valsartan\/hydrochlorothiazide single pill combination and free combination: adherence, persistence, healthcare utilization and costs","volume":"31","author":"Machnicki","year":"2015","journal-title":"Curr Med Res Opin"},{"key":"2025011107302414700_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2597","DOI":"10.1185\/03007990802319364","article-title":"Assessment of adherence, persistence, and costs among valsartan and hydrochlorothiazide retrospective cohorts in free-and fixed-dose combinations","volume":"24","author":"Brixner","year":"2008","journal-title":"Curr Med Res Opin"},{"key":"2025011107302414700_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"20","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1524-6175.2007.08028.x","article-title":"What factors contribute to the inadequate control of elevated blood pressure?","volume":"10","author":"Elliott","year":"2008","journal-title":"J Clin Hypertension"},{"key":"2025011107302414700_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"309","DOI":"10.1161\/HYPERTENSIONAHA.112.201566","article-title":"Initial combination therapy reduces the risk of cardiovascular events in hypertensive patients. 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