{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,15]],"date-time":"2026-10-15T16:48:39Z","timestamp":1792082919186,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":18,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,30]],"date-time":"2026-09-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1790726400000},"content-version":"am","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001826","name":"ZonMw","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001826","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"St. Antonius Research Fund"},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100014091","name":"AstraZeneca","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100014091","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Aims<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To characterize ischaemic and bleeding events and compare the average daily ischaemic rate (ADIR) and average daily bleeding rate (ADBR) during 3 years post-acute coronary syndrome (ACS).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods and results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Data were derived from ACS patients enrolled in the prospective multicentre FORCE-ACS registry in nine Dutch hospitals between 2015 and 2019. ADIR and ADBR, expressed as events per 100 person-days, were calculated by dividing the total number of events by total follow-up time in the acute (day 0\u20131), subacute (days 1\u201330), late (days 30\u2013365), and very late (days 365\u20131095) phase. Ischaemic events comprised cardiovascular death, myocardial infarction, and definite stent thrombosis; bleeding events comprised Bleeding Academic Research Consortium (BARC) type 2, 3, or 5 bleeding. The Wilcoxon signed rank test compared the ADIR and ADBR per phase.<\/jats:p>\n                    <jats:p>During 3 years, 929 ischaemic events occurred in 808 patients (16.1%) and 1694 bleeding events in 1177 patients (23.4%). The ADBR was higher than ADIR in the acute (1.41 vs. 0.68) and late phase (0.04 vs. 0.02). No significant difference was observed in the subacute (0.23 vs. 0.13) and very late phase. Overall, the ADBR exceeded the ADIR (0.03 vs. 0.02), with the highest difference during the first year.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Ischaemic and bleeding events are most prevalent in the first 30 days post-ACS. Both ADIR and ADBR decrease over time, with the excess of ADBR over ADIR being most pronounced during the first year of follow-up.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/ehjcvp\/pvag084","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,29]],"date-time":"2026-09-29T11:40:08Z","timestamp":1790682008000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Average daily ischaemic and bleeding risk following acute coronary syndrome: insights from the FORCE-ACS registry"],"prefix":"10.1093","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4727-0481","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jaouad","family":"Azzahhafi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiology, University Medical Center Maastricht , P. Debyelaan 25, 6229 HX Maastricht ,","place":["The Netherlands"]},{"name":"Department of Cardiology, St. Antonius Hospital , Koekoekslaan 1, 3435 CM Nieuwegein ,","place":["The Netherlands"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7741-205X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Dean R P P","family":"Chan Pin Yin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiology, St. Antonius Hospital , Koekoekslaan 1, 3435 CM Nieuwegein ,","place":["The Netherlands"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7661-9139","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Niels M R","family":"van der Sangen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiology, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences , Meibergdreef 9, 1105 AZ Amsterdam ,","place":["The Netherlands"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4083-9957","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Wout W A","family":"van den Broek","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiology, St. Antonius Hospital , Koekoekslaan 1, 3435 CM Nieuwegein ,","place":["The Netherlands"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0006-1534-7316","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Shabiga","family":"Sivanesan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiology, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences , Meibergdreef 9, 1105 AZ Amsterdam ,","place":["The Netherlands"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0007-7051-986X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Qiu Ying F","family":"van de Pol","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiology, St. Antonius Hospital , Koekoekslaan 1, 3435 CM Nieuwegein ,","place":["The Netherlands"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0007-6156-3842","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ronald J","family":"Walhout","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiology, Hospital Gelderse Vallei , Willy Brandtlaan 10, 6716 RP Ede ,","place":["The Netherlands"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9980-548X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Melvyn Tjon Joe","family":"Gin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiology, Rijnstate Hospital , Wagnerlaan 55, 6815 AD Arnhem ,","place":["The Netherlands"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8965-0664","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ron","family":"Pisters","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiology, Rijnstate Hospital , Wagnerlaan 55, 6815 AD Arnhem ,","place":["The Netherlands"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Deborah M","family":"Nicastia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiology, Gelre Hospitals , Albert Schweitzerlaan 31, 7334 DZ Apeldoorn ,","place":["The Netherlands"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0002-5338-0038","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jorina","family":"Langerveld","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiology, Rivierenland Hospital , President Kennedylaan 1, 4002 WP Tiel ,","place":["The Netherlands"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1641-3462","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Georgios J","family":"Vlachojannis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiology, University Medical Center Utrecht , Heidelberglaan 100, 3584 CX Utrecht ,","place":["The Netherlands"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5497-5992","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rutger J","family":"van Bommel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiology, Tergooi Hospital , Laan van Tergooi 2, 1212 VG Hilversum ,","place":["The Netherlands"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5241-7105","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yolande","family":"Appelman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiology, Amsterdam UMC, VU University, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences , De Boelelaan 117, 1081 HV Amsterdam ,","place":["The Netherlands"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6730-1703","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jos\u00e9 P S","family":"Henriques","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of 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