{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,28]],"date-time":"2026-08-28T05:32:14Z","timestamp":1787895134044,"version":"build-2784847793"},"reference-count":33,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,1]],"date-time":"2021-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1625097600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,30]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:p>Heart murmur, a thoracic auscultatory finding of cardiovascular origin, is extremely common in childhood and can appear at any age from premature newborn to late adolescence. The objective of this review is to provide a modern examination and update of cardiac murmur auscultation in this new era of artificial intelligence (AI) and telemedicine. First, we provide a comprehensive review of the causes and differential diagnosis, clinical features, evaluation, and long-term management of paediatric heart murmurs. Next, we provide a brief history of computer-assisted auscultation and murmur analysis, along with insight into the engineering design of the digital stethoscope. We conclude with a discussion of the paradigm shifting impact of deep learning on murmur analysis, AI-assisted auscultation, and the implications of these technologies on telemedicine in paediatric cardiology. It is our hope that this article provides an updated perspective on the impact of AI on cardiac auscultation for the modern paediatric cardiologist.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1093\/ehjdh\/ztab059","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,1]],"date-time":"2021-07-01T13:56:18Z","timestamp":1625147778000},"page":"456-466","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":21,"title":["The discerning ear: cardiac auscultation in the era of artificial intelligence and telemedicine"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"2","author":[{"given":"Vivek","family":"Jani","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, Blalock Taussig Thomas Heart Center, The Johns Hopkins Hospital and School of Medicine , M2315, 1800 Orleans St, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"David A","family":"Danford","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, Blalock Taussig Thomas Heart Center, The Johns Hopkins Hospital and School of Medicine , M2315, 1800 Orleans St, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"W Reid","family":"Thompson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, Blalock Taussig Thomas Heart Center, The Johns Hopkins Hospital and School of Medicine , M2315, 1800 Orleans St, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Andreas","family":"Schuster","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiology and Pneumology, University Medical Center G\u00f6ttingen, Georg-August University , G\u00f6ttingen, Germany"},{"name":"German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site G\u00f6ttingen , 37077 G\u00f6ttingen, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Cedric","family":"Manlhiot","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, Blalock Taussig Thomas Heart Center, The Johns 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