{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,22]],"date-time":"2026-09-22T00:29:40Z","timestamp":1790036980430,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":19,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,28]],"date-time":"2021-10-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1635379200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000274","name":"British Heart Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["PG\/16\/99\/32572"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["PG\/16\/99\/32572"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000274","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"La Fondation Dassault Syst\u00e8mes","award":["PG\/17\/6\/32797"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["PG\/17\/6\/32797"]}]},{"name":"Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council Award","award":["EP\/N02124X\/1"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["EP\/N02124X\/1"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,29]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Aims<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We aim to determine any additional benefit of virtual reality (VR) experience if compared to conventional cross-sectional imaging and standard three-dimensional (3D) modelling when deciding on surgical strategy in patients with complex double outlet right ventricle (DORV).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods and results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We retrospectively selected 10 consecutive patients with DORV and complex interventricular communications, who underwent biventricular repair. An arterial switch operation (ASO) was part of the repair in three of those. Computed tomography (CT) or cardiac magnetic resonance imaging images were used to reconstruct patient-specific 3D anatomies, which were then presented using different visualization modalities: 3D pdf, 3D printed models, and VR models. Two experienced paediatric cardiac surgeons, blinded to repair performed, reviewed each case evaluating the suitability of repair following assessment of each visualization modalities. In addition, they had to identify those who had ASO as part of the procedure. Answers of the two surgeons were compared to the actual operations performed. There was no mortality during the follow-up (mean\u2009=\u20092.5\u2009years). Two patients required reoperations. After review of CT\/cardiac magnetic resonance images, the evaluators identified the surgical strategy in accordance with the actual surgical plan in 75% of the cases. When using 3D pdf this reached only 70%. Accordance improved to 85% after revision of 3D printed models and to 95% after VR. Use of 3D printed models and VR facilitated the identification of patients who required ASO.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Virtual reality can enhance understanding of suitability for biventricular repair in patients with complex DORV if compared to cross-sectional images and other 3D modelling techniques.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/ehjdh\/ztab087","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,31]],"date-time":"2021-10-31T09:23:40Z","timestamp":1635672220000},"page":"667-675","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":25,"title":["Enhanced 3D visualization for planning biventricular repair of double outlet right ventricle: a pilot study on the advantages of virtual reality"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"2","author":[{"given":"Elena Giulia","family":"Milano","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"UCL Institute for Cardiovascular Science and Great Ormond Street Hospital , 20c Guilford St , London WC1N 1DZ, UK"},{"name":"Department of Surgery, Dentistry, Paediatrics and Gynaecology, University of Verona, P.le Scuro 10, 37134, Verona, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Martin","family":"Kostolny","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"UCL Institute for Cardiovascular Science and Great Ormond Street Hospital , 20c Guilford St , London WC1N 1DZ, UK"},{"name":"Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children NHS Foundation Trust, Great Ormond Street, WC1N 3JH, London, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Endrit","family":"Pajaziti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"UCL Institute for Cardiovascular Science and Great Ormond Street Hospital , 20c Guilford St , London WC1N 1DZ, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jan","family":"Marek","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"UCL Institute for Cardiovascular Science and Great Ormond Street Hospital , 20c Guilford St , London WC1N 1DZ, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"William","family":"Regan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cardiorespiratory Division, Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children NHS Foundation Trust, Great Ormond Street, WC1N 3JH, London, UK"},{"name":"Department of Congenital Heart Disease, Evelina London Children\u2019s Hospital, Westminster Bridge Rd, SE1 7EH, London , UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7508-0891","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Massimo","family":"Caputo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Bristol Heart Institute, Bristol Medical School, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, St Michael's Hill, BS2 8DZ, Bristol , UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Giovanni Battista","family":"Luciani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Surgery, Dentistry, Paediatrics and Gynaecology, University of Verona, P.le Scuro 10, 37134, Verona, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kristian H","family":"Mortensen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cardiorespiratory Division, Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children NHS Foundation Trust, Great Ormond Street, WC1N 3JH, London, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Andrew C","family":"Cook","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"UCL Institute for Cardiovascular Science and Great Ormond Street Hospital , 20c Guilford St , London WC1N 1DZ, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Silvia","family":"Schievano","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"UCL Institute for Cardiovascular Science and Great Ormond Street Hospital , 20c Guilford St , London WC1N 1DZ, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Claudio","family":"Capelli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"UCL Institute for Cardiovascular Science and Great Ormond Street Hospital , 20c Guilford St , London WC1N 1DZ, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,28]]},"reference":[{"key":"2022111811362124600_ztab087-B1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"69","DOI":"10.1053\/j.semtcvs.2016.01.007","article-title":"Double-outlet right ventricle with noncommitted ventricular septal defect and 2 adequate ventricles: is anatomical repair advantageous?","volume":"28","author":"Villemain","year":"2016","journal-title":"Semin Thorac Cardiovasc Surg"},{"key":"2022111811362124600_ztab087-B2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"698","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jtcvs.2016.05.019","article-title":"Impact of 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