{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,21]],"date-time":"2026-08-21T13:10:14Z","timestamp":1787317814966,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":22,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,23]],"date-time":"2025-09-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1758585600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"National Science and Technology Council in Taiwan","award":["111-2221-E-182A-008-"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["111-2221-E-182A-008-"]}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000050","name":"National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["R00HL157421"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R00HL157421"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000050","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000050","name":"National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["R01HL173526"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R01HL173526"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000050","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000050","name":"National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["R01HL173487"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R01HL173487"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000050","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,20]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Aims<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Timely and accurate detection of pericardial effusion and assessment of cardiac tamponade remain challenging and highly operator dependent.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Artificial intelligence has advanced many echocardiographic assessments, and we aimed to develop and validate a deep learning model to automate the assessment of pericardial effusion severity and cardiac tamponade from echocardiogram videos.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods and results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We developed a deep learning model (EchoNet-Pericardium) using temporal-spatial convolutional neural networks to automate pericardial effusion severity grading and tamponade detection from echocardiography videos. The model was trained using a retrospective dataset of 1 427 660 videos from 85 380 echocardiograms at Cedars-Sinai Medical Centre (CSMC) to predict PE severity and cardiac tamponade across individual echocardiographic views and an ensemble approach combining predictions from five standard views. External validation was performed on 33 310 videos from 1806 echocardiograms from Stanford Healthcare (SHC). In the held-out CSMC test set, EchoNet-Pericardium achieved an AUC of 0.900 (95% CI: 0.884\u20130.916) for detecting moderate or larger pericardial effusion, 0.942 (95% CI: 0.917\u20130.964) for large pericardial effusion, and 0.955 (95% CI: 0.939\u20130.968) for cardiac tamponade. In the SHC external validation cohort, the model achieved AUCs of 0.869 (95% CI: 0.794\u20130.933) for moderate or larger pericardial effusion, 0.959 (95% CI: 0.945\u20130.972) for large pericardial effusion, and 0.966 (95% CI: 0.906\u20130.995) for cardiac tamponade. Subgroup analysis demonstrated consistent performance across ages, sexes, left ventricular ejection fraction, and atrial fibrillation statuses.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Our deep learning-based framework accurately grades pericardial effusion severity and detects cardiac tamponade from echocardiograms, demonstrating consistent performance and generalizability across different cohorts. This automated tool has the potential to enhance clinical decision-making by reducing operator dependence and expediting diagnosis.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/ehjdh\/ztaf112","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,22]],"date-time":"2025-09-22T11:24:30Z","timestamp":1758540270000},"page":"1216-1222","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Automated evaluation for pericardial effusion and cardiac tamponade with echocardiographic artificial intelligence"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"6","author":[{"given":"I Min","family":"Chiu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiology, Smidt Heart Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center , 127 S. San Vicente Blvd., Suite A3600, Los Angeles, CA 90048 ,","place":["USA"]},{"name":"Department of Emergency Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital Kaohsiung Branch , Kaohsiung ,","place":["Taiwan"]},{"name":"Department of Computer Science and Engineering, National Sun Yat-sen University , Kaohsiung ,","place":["Taiwan"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yuki","family":"Sahashi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiology, Smidt Heart Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center , 127 S. San Vicente Blvd., Suite A3600, Los Angeles, CA 90048 ,","place":["USA"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Milos","family":"Vukadinovic","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiology, Smidt Heart Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center , 127 S. San Vicente Blvd., Suite A3600, Los Angeles, CA 90048 ,","place":["USA"]},{"name":"Department of Bioengineering, University of California Los Angeles , Los Angeles, CA ,","place":["USA"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Paul P","family":"Cheng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, Stanford University , Palo Alto, CA, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Susan","family":"Cheng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiology, Smidt Heart Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center , 127 S. 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