{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,16]],"date-time":"2026-07-16T21:42:11Z","timestamp":1784238131469,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":32,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,17]],"date-time":"2024-12-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1734393600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,24]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Aims<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>To better characterize functional consequences of the presence of COPD on cardiorespiratory fitness in patients with HF.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Methods and results<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Patients with any clinical indication for cardiopulmonary exercise testing (CPET) were included in the international FRIEND registry. Diagnosis of COPD was confirmed by a ratio of forced expiratory volume in 1\u2005s and forced vital capacity (FEV1\/FVC) &amp;lt; 0.70. HF was diagnosed in the presence of symptoms and signs of HF. A total of 10 957 patients were divided into four groups: patients without HF or COPD (n = 8963), patients with HF (n = 852) or COPD (n = 991) alone, and patients with both HF and COPD (n = 151). Maximal workload was the lowest in patients with both HF and COPD [78.09 (95% CI: 72.92, 83.64 watts)], and all pairwise comparisons with adjusted P &amp;lt; 0.05 between groups were statistically significant. Patients with both HF and COPD yielded the lowest PETCO2 values [31.80 (95% CI: 31.00, 32.60)] mmHg and exhibited a higher VE\/VCO2 slope compared with HF (36.73 (95% CI: 35.78, 37.68) vs. 33.91 (95% CI: 33.50, 34.33 units, P \u00a0&amp;lt; 0.0001). Peak VO2 was the lowest with concomitant HF and COPD 19.93 (95% CI: 18.60, 21.27) mL\/kg\/min and was significantly different compared with all other groups (P &amp;lt; 0.05).<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Patients referred for CPET with COPD and concomitant HF exhibit a profound impairment in CRF compared with patients with COPD or HF alone. Early identification of pulmonary obstruction in patients with HF by more frequent usage of pulmonary function testing may contribute to providing better treatment for both COPD and HF in these high-risk individuals.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/ehjopen\/oeae104","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,17]],"date-time":"2024-12-17T18:09:09Z","timestamp":1734458949000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Cardiorespiratory fitness in COPD and HF from the Fitness Registry and the Importance of Exercise: a National Database"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"5","author":[{"given":"Jacinthe","family":"Boulet","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Universit\u00e9 de Montr\u00e9al, Montreal Heart Institute , 5000 Belanger Street, Montreal, Quebec, Canada H1T 1C8"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jonathan","family":"Myers","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cardiology Division, Veterans Affairs Palo Alto Health Care System\/Stanford University , Palo Alto, CA 94304 ,","place":["USA"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jeffrey W","family":"Christle","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, Stanford University , Stanford, CA 94305 ,","place":["USA"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ross","family":"Arena","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physical Therapy, College of Applied Health Sciences, University of Illinois at Chicago , Chicago, IL 60612 ,","place":["USA"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Leonard","family":"Kaminsky","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Fisher Institute of Health and Well-Being, Ball State University , Muncie, IN 47306 ,","place":["USA"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anna","family":"Nozza","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Montreal Health Innovations Coordinating Center , Montr\u00e9al, Quebec, Canada H1T 1C8"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Joshua","family":"Abella","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cardiology Division, Veterans Affairs Palo Alto Health Care System\/Stanford University , Palo Alto, CA 94304 ,","place":["USA"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michel","family":"White","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Universit\u00e9 de Montr\u00e9al, Montreal Heart Institute , 5000 Belanger Street, Montreal, Quebec, Canada H1T 1C8"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,17]]},"reference":[{"key":"2025022409570761400_oeae104-B1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7","DOI":"10.15420\/cfr.2016:25:2","article-title":"Global public health burden of heart failure","volume":"3","author":"Savarese","year":"2017","journal-title":"Card Fail Rev"},{"key":"2025022409570761400_oeae104-B2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1210","DOI":"10.1161\/01.CIR.0000055013.92097.40","article-title":"Exercise and heart failure: a statement from the American Heart Association Committee on exercise, rehabilitation, and prevention","volume":"107","author":"Pi\u00f1a","year":"2003","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"2025022409570761400_oeae104-B3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"521","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ahj.2007.10.040","article-title":"Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in heart failure. 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