{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,12]],"date-time":"2026-08-12T14:17:00Z","timestamp":1786544220937,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":21,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,13]],"date-time":"2026-04-13T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1776038400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":43,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Aims<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Pulmonary vein isolation (PVI) provides limited efficacy in persistent atrial fibrillation (AF). We performed PVI plus ablation of areas with visually detected spatiotemporal dispersion (STD) in consecutive patients with persistent AF, and compared them with a 1:1 propensity score-matched cohort of patients treated with a PVI-only approach.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods and results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>STD was visually identified using conventional high-density mapping catheters (IntellaMap ORION, PentaRay NAV, or Advisor HD Grid), without dedicated software. Areas with STD showing fractionated continuous electrograms (FCEs), if present, were ablated first, and other areas with STD were ablated in cases without AF conversion during ablation of FCEs. The right atrium was treated only in cases without AF conversion during left atrial ablation in which the AF cycle length was faster at the right atrium. Hundred patients were treated with each ablation strategy (PVI + STD or PVI-only) (63.9 \u00b1 10.1 years, 28% females). Thirty-five patients from the PVI + STD group showed areas with FCEs, which were ablated first, achieving AF termination in nine patients. In the remaining 91 patients, 221 areas with STD were ablated. The right atrium was treated in 48 patients. Globally, AF conversion was achieved in 33 patients. The PVI + STD group showed lower atrial arrhythmia recurrences at 18-month follow-up (30% vs. 53%, P &amp;lt; 0.001) and after a median follow-up of 45 [26\u201366] months (44% vs. 71%, P &amp;lt; 0.001), and less progression to permanent AF (14% vs. 41%, P &amp;lt; 0.001).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Ablation of areas with visually identified STD, added to PVI, reduced atrial arrhythmia recurrences and decreased progression to permanent AF.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/ehjopen\/oeag063","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,11]],"date-time":"2026-04-11T11:36:35Z","timestamp":1775907395000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Ablation of visually identified spatiotemporal dispersion plus pulmonary vein isolation in persistent atrial fibrillation"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"6","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2606-8823","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Eduardo","family":"Franco","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Cardiology Department, University Hospital Ram\u00f3n y Cajal , M-607, km 9,100, Madrid 28034 ,","place":["Spain"]},{"name":"Centro de Investigaci\u00f3n Biom\u00e9dica en Red de Enfermedades Cardiovasculares (CIBERCV), Av. Monforte de Lemos, 3-5, Pabell\u00f3n 11, Madrid 28029 ,","place":["Spain"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2303-9755","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Cristina","family":"Lozano-Granero","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cardiology Department, University Hospital Ram\u00f3n y Cajal , M-607, km 9,100, Madrid 28034 ,","place":["Spain"]},{"name":"Centro de Investigaci\u00f3n Biom\u00e9dica en Red de Enfermedades Cardiovasculares (CIBERCV), Av. Monforte de Lemos, 3-5, Pabell\u00f3n 11, Madrid 28029 ,","place":["Spain"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0004-6344-241X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sonia","family":"Antonana-Ugalde","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cardiology Department, University Hospital Ram\u00f3n y Cajal , M-607, km 9,100, Madrid 28034 ,","place":["Spain"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Roberto","family":"Mat\u00eda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cardiology Department, University Hospital Ram\u00f3n y Cajal , M-607, km 9,100, Madrid 28034 ,","place":["Spain"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Antonio","family":"Hern\u00e1ndez-Madrid","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cardiology Department, University Hospital Ram\u00f3n y Cajal , M-607, km 9,100, Madrid 28034 ,","place":["Spain"]},{"name":"University of Alcal\u00e1, Pza. San Diego, s\/n, Alcal\u00e1 de Henares 28801 ,","place":["Spain"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0487-1749","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jos\u00e9 Luis","family":"Zamorano","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cardiology Department, University Hospital Ram\u00f3n y Cajal , M-607, km 9,100, Madrid 28034 ,","place":["Spain"]},{"name":"Centro de Investigaci\u00f3n Biom\u00e9dica en Red de Enfermedades Cardiovasculares (CIBERCV), Av. Monforte de Lemos, 3-5, Pabell\u00f3n 11, Madrid 28029 ,","place":["Spain"]},{"name":"University of Alcal\u00e1, Pza. San Diego, s\/n, Alcal\u00e1 de Henares 28801 ,","place":["Spain"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5075-0684","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Javier","family":"Moreno","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cardiology Department, University Hospital Ram\u00f3n y Cajal , M-607, km 9,100, Madrid 28034 ,","place":["Spain"]},{"name":"Centro de Investigaci\u00f3n Biom\u00e9dica en Red de Enfermedades Cardiovasculares (CIBERCV), Av. 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